Editing Mu'tazilism (section)

==Bibliography==
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*{{cite book|last1=Brown |first1=Daniel W.|title=Rethinking tradition in modern Islamic thought |date=1996 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=0521570778 |url=https://www.scribd.com/document/116836545/Rethinking-Traditions-in-Modern-Islamic-Thought-Daniel-w-Brown |access-date=10 May 2018 |ref=DWBRTMIT1996}}
* {{cite book|author=Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari|editor=M. M. 'Abd al-Hamid |year=1969|title=Maqalat al-Islamiyin wa Ikhtilaf al-Musallin|publisher=Maktabat al-Nahdah al-Misriyah|location=Cairo|language=ar}}
* {{cite book|last=Cooperson|first=Michael|year=2005|title=Al-Ma'mun (Makers of the Muslim World)|publisher=Oneworld Publications|location=Oxford, England|isbn=1-85168-386-0}}
* {{cite book|author=Craig, W. L.|year=2000|title=The Kalam Cosmological Argument|publisher=Wipf & Stock Publishers|location=USA|isbn=1-57910-438-X|ref={{harvid|Craig|2000}}}}
* {{cite book|author=Ess, J. V.|year=2006|title=The Flowering of Muslim Theology|publisher=Harvard University Press|location=USA|isbn=0-674-02208-4|ref={{harvid|Ess|2006}}|url=https://archive.org/details/floweringofmusli00essj}}
* {{cite journal|author=Gimaret, D.|year=1979|title=Les Usul al-Hamsa du Qadi 'Abd al-Jabbar et leurs commentaires|journal=Annales Islamologiques|volume=15|pages=47–96|doi=10.3406/anisl.1979.979 |s2cid=259055137 |ref={{harvid|Gimaret|1979}}}}
* {{cite book|author=Jackson, S. A.|year=2002|title=On the Boundaries of Theological Tolerance in Islam: Abu Hamid al-Ghazali's Faysal al-Tafriqa|series=Studies in Islamic Philosophy, V.1|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=0-19-579791-4|ref={{harvid|Jackson|2002}}}}
* {{cite book|author=Jackson, S. A.|year=2005|title=Islam and the Blackamerican: Looking Toward the Third Resurrection|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=New York|isbn=0-19-518081-X|ref={{harvid|Jackson|2005}}}}
* {{cite book|author=Martin, R. C.|author2=M. R. Woodward |author3=D. S. Atmaja |year=1997|title=Defenders of Reason in Islam: Mu'tazilism from Medieval School to Modern Symbol |page=27 |publisher=Oneworld Publications|location=Oxford, England|isbn=978-1851681471 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R03YAAAAMAAJ&q=defenders+of+reason |access-date=28 September 2015 |ref={{harvid|Martin|1997}}}}
* {{cite journal|author=Nawas, J. A.|year=1994|title=A Rexamination of Three Current Explanations for al-Ma'mun's Introduction of the Mihna|journal=International Journal of Middle East Studies|volume=26|issue=4|pages=615–629|doi=10.1017/S0020743800061134|s2cid=159973328 |ref={{harvid|Nawas|1994}} }}
* {{cite journal|author=Nawas, J. A.|year=1996|title=The Mihna of 218 A.H./833 A. D. Revisited: An Empirical Study|journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society|volume=116|issue=4|pages=698–708|doi=10.2307/605440|jstor=605440|ref={{harvid|Nawas|1996}} }}
* {{cite book|author=Walzer, R.|year=1967|chapter=Early Islamic Philosophy|title=The Cambridge History of Later Greek and Early Medieval Philosophy|editor=A. H. Armstrong|editor-link=A. H. Armstrong|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=UK|isbn=0-521-04054-X|ref={{harvid|Walzer|1967}}}}
*{{cite book|title=Aqeedah 11, An Exposition of Some Schools, Movements and Sects of Islam |publisher=Guyana Islamic Institute |location=West Coast Demarara, Guyana |url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/213350181/Islamic-Schools-Movements-and-Sects#scribd |access-date=16 September 2015|ref=GIIESSMSI}}