Editing Millennials (section)

==Social tendencies==

=== Social circles ===
[[File:Crowds in Copacabana - Holy Mass for the WYD 2013 in Rio de Janeiro.jpg|thumb|Youth Catholic crowds in [[Rio de Janeiro]] during the [[World Youth Day 2013]].]]In March 2014, the Pew Research Center issued a report about how "millennials in adulthood" are "detached from institutions and networked with friends". The report said millennials are somewhat more upbeat than older adults about America's future, with 49% of millennials saying the country's best years are ahead, though they're the first in the modern era to have higher levels of student loan debt and unemployment.<ref name="Pew-2014">{{cite web|date=7 March 2014|title=Millennials in Adulthood – Detached from Institutions, Networked with Friends|url=http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/files/2014/03/2014-03-07_generations-report-version-for-web.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180827083641/http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/files/2014/03/2014-03-07_generations-report-version-for-web.pdf|archive-date=27 August 2018}}</ref><ref name="Millennials in Adulthood">{{cite web|date=7 March 2014|title=Millennials in Adulthood|url=http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2014/03/07/millennials-in-adulthood/|work=Pew Research Center's Social & Demographic Trends Project}}</ref>

=== Courtship behavior ===
In many countries, people have since the mid-twentieth century been increasingly looking for mates of the same socioeconomic status and educational attainment. The phenomenon of preferring mates with characteristics similar to one's own is known as [[Human mating strategies#Assortative mating|assortative mating]]. Part of the reason growing economic and educational assortative mating was economic in nature. Innovations which became commercially available in the late twentieth century such as the washing machine and frozen food reduced the amount of time people needed to spend on housework, which diminished the importance of domestic skills.<ref name="TheEconomist-2017">{{Cite news|date=21 September 2017|title=Marital choices are exacerbating household income inequality|newspaper=The Economist|url=https://www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/2017/09/21/marital-choices-are-exacerbating-household-income-inequality|access-date=20 December 2020}}</ref> Moreover, by the early 2000s, it was less feasible for a couple with one spouse having no more than a high-school diploma to earn about the national average; on the other hand, couples both of whom had at least a bachelor's degree could expect to make a significant amount above the national average. People thus had a clear economic incentive to seek out a mate with at least as high a level of education in order to maximize their potential income.<ref>{{Cite news|date=8 February 2014|title=Sex, brains and inequality|newspaper=The Economist|url=https://www.economist.com/united-states/2014/02/08/sex-brains-and-inequality|access-date=20 December 2020}}</ref> Another incentive for this kind of assortative mating lies in the future of the offspring. People have since the mid-twentieth century increasingly wanted [[Heritability of IQ|intelligent]] and well-educated children, and marrying bright people who make a lot of money goes a long way in achieving that goal.<ref name="TheEconomist-2017" /><ref name="Miller-2016">{{Cite news|last1=Miller|first1=Claire Cain|last2=Bui|first2=Quoctrung|date=27 February 2016|title=Equality in Marriages Grows, and So Does Class Divide|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/23/upshot/rise-in-marriages-of-equals-and-in-division-by-class.html|url-status=live|access-date=1 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201224010231/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/23/upshot/rise-in-marriages-of-equals-and-in-division-by-class.html|archive-date=24 December 2020}}</ref> Couples in the early twenty-first century tend to hold egalitarian rather than traditional views on gender roles. Modern marriage is more about companionship rather than bread-winning for the man and homemaking for the woman.<ref name="Miller-2016" /> American and Chinese youths are increasingly choosing whether or not to marry according to their personal preferences rather than family, societal, or religious expectations.<ref name="Miller-2016" /><ref name="Gan-2021">{{Cite news|last=Gan|first=Nectar|date=30 January 2021|title=Chinese millennials aren't getting married, and the government is worried|work=CNN|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2021/01/29/china/china-millennials-marriage-intl-hnk/index.html|access-date=1 February 2021}}</ref>[[File:Under the veil.jpg|thumb|Millennials are not particularly keen on pursuing romance and marriage. ''Pictured'': A newly wedded couple from Wales (2008)]]
As of 2016, 54% of Russian millennials were married.<ref name="eurekalert">{{cite web|title=Millennials: Bet for the future|url=https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-06/nruh-mbf061118.php|access-date=26 January 2019|website=www.eurekalert.org|publisher=EurekAlert! Science News}}</ref>

According to the Chinese National Bureau of Statistics, the number of people getting married for the first time went from 23.8 million in 2013 to 13.9 million in 2019, a 41% drop. Meanwhile, the marriage rate continued its decline, 6.6 per 1,000 people, a 33% drop compared to 2013. These trends are due to multiple reasons. The one-child policy, introduced in 1979, has curbed the number of young people in China. On top of that, the traditional preference for sons has resulted in a marked gender imbalance; as of 2021, China has over 30 million "surplus" men.<ref name="Gan-2021" />

In the 1990s, the Chinese government reformed higher education in order to increase access, whereupon significantly more young people, a slight majority of whom being women, have received a university degree. Consequently, many young women are now gainfully employed and financially secure. Traditional views on gender roles dictate that women be responsible for housework and childcare, regardless of their employment status. Workplace discrimination against women (with families) is commonplace; for example, an employer might be more skeptical towards a married woman with one child, fearing she might have another (as the one-child policy was rescinded in 2016) and take more maternity leave. Altogether, there is less incentive for young women to marry.<ref name="Gan-2021" />

For young Chinese couples in general, the cost of living, especially the cost of housing in the big cities, is a serious obstacle to marriage. In addition, Chinese millennials are less keen on marrying than their predecessors as a result of cultural change.<ref name="Gan-2021" />

Writing for ''The Atlantic'' in 2018, Kate Julian reported that among the countries that kept track of the sexual behavior of their citizens—Australia, Finland, Japan, the Netherlands, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States—all saw a decline in the frequency of sexual intercourse among teenagers and young adults. Although experts disagree on the methodology of data analysis, they do believe that young people today are less sexually engaged than their elders, such as the baby boomers, when they were their age. This is despite the fact that online dating platforms allow for the possibility of casual sex, the wide availability of contraception, and the relaxation of attitudes towards sex outside of marriage.<ref name="Julian-2018">{{Cite news|last=Julian|first=Kate|date=December 2018|title=Why Are Young People Having So Little Sex?|work=The Atlantic|department=Culture|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2018/12/the-sex-recession/573949/|access-date=2 September 2020}}</ref>

A 2020 study published in the [[JAMA (journal)|Journal of the American Medical Association]] (JAMA) by researchers from [[Indiana University]] in the United States and the [[Karolinska Institute]]t from Sweden found that during the first two decades of the twenty-first century, young Americans had sexual intercourse less frequently than in the past. Among men aged 18 to 24, the share of the sexually inactive increased from 18.9% between 2000 and 2002 to 30.9% between 2016 and 2018. Women aged 18 to 34 had sex less often as well. Reasons for this trend are manifold. People who were unemployed, only had part-time jobs, and students were the most likely to forego sexual experience while those who had higher income were stricter in [[Human mating strategies|mate selection]]. Psychologist Jean Twenge, who did not participate in the study, suggested that this might be due to "a broader cultural trend toward delayed development", meaning various adult activities are postponed. She noted that being economically dependent on one's parents discourages sexual intercourse. Other researchers noted that the rise of the Internet, computer games, and social media could play a role, too, since older and married couples also had sex less often. In short, people had many options. A 2019 study by the [[London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine|London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine]] found a similar trend in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Woodyatt|first=Amy|date=15 June 2020|title=Young Americans are having less sex than ever|work=CNN|department=Health|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/12/health/young-americans-less-sex-intl-scli-wellness/index.html|access-date=1 September 2020}}</ref><ref>Ueda P, Mercer CH, Ghaznavi C, Herbenick D. Trends in Frequency of Sexual Activity and Number of Sexual Partners Among Adults Aged 18 to 44 Years in the US, 2000-2018. ''JAMA Netw Open.'' 2020;3(6):e203833. {{doi|10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3833}}</ref> Although this trend precedes the COVID-19 pandemic, fear of infection is likely to fuel the trend the future, study co-author Peter Ueda told Reuters.<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Joseph|first1=Saumya|last2=Banerjee|first2=Ankur|date=12 June 2020|title=Young U.S. men having a lot less sex in the 21st century, study shows|work=Reuters|department=Health News|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-health-sex/young-u-s-men-having-a-lot-less-sex-in-the-21st-century-study-shows-idUSKBN23J2LI|access-date=1 September 2020}}</ref>

In a 2019 poll, the Pew Research Center found that about 47% American adults believed dating had become more difficult within the last decade or so, while only 19% said it became easier and 33% thought it was the same. Majorities of both men (65%) and women (43%) agreed that the [[MeToo movement|#MeToo movement]] posed challenges for the dating market while 24% and 38%, respectively, thought it made no difference. In all, one in two of single adults were not looking for a romantic relationship. Among the rest, 10% were only interested in casual relationships, 14% wanted committed relationships only, and 26% were open to either kind.<ref name="Brown-2020a">{{Cite web|last=Brown|first=Anna|date=20 August 2020|title=Nearly Half of U.S. Adults Say Dating Has Gotten Harder for Most People in the Last 10 Years|url=https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2020/08/20/nearly-half-of-u-s-adults-say-dating-has-gotten-harder-for-most-people-in-the-last-10-years/|access-date=21 August 2020|website=Pew Research Center}}</ref> Among younger people (18 to 39), 27% wanted a committed relationship only, 15% casual dates only, and 58% either type of relationship. For those between the ages of 18 and 49, the top reasons for their decision to avoid dating were having more important priorities in life (61%), preferring being single (41%), being too busy (29%), and pessimism about their chances of success (24%).<ref name="Brown-2020b">{{Cite web|last=Brown|first=Anna|date=20 August 2020|title=A profile of single Americans|url=https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2020/08/20/a-profile-of-single-americans/|access-date=21 August 2020|website=Pew Research Center}}</ref>

While most Americans found their romantic partners with the help of friends and family, younger adults were more likely to encounter them online than their elders, with 21% of those aged 18 to 29 and 15% of those aged 30 to 49 saying they met their current partners this way. For comparison, only 8% of those aged 50 to 64 and 5% of those aged 65 and over did the same. People aged 18 to 29 were most likely to have met their current partners in school while adults aged 50 and up were more likely to have met their partners at work. Among those in the 18 to 29 age group, 41% were single, including 51% of men and 32% of women. Among those in the 30 to 49 age group, 23% were single, including 27% of men and 19% of women. This reflects the general trend across the generations that men tend to marry later (and die earlier) than women.<ref name="Brown-2020b" />

Most single people, regardless of whether or not they were interested in dating, felt little to no pressure from their friends and family to seek a romantic partner. Young people, however, were under significant pressure compared to the sample average or older age groups. 53% of single people aged 18 to 29 thought there was at least some pressure from society on them to find a partner, compared to 42% for people aged 30 to 49, 32% for people aged 50 to 64, and 21% for people aged 50 to 64.<ref name="Brown-2020a" />

=== Family life and offspring ===
According to the Brookings Institution, the number of American mothers who never married ballooned between 1968, when they were extremely rare, and 2008, when they became much more common, especially among the less educated. In particular, in 2008, the number of mothers who never married with at least 16 years of education was 3.3%, compared to 20.1% of those who never graduated from high school. Unintended pregnancies were also higher among the less educated.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Sawhill|first1=Isabel V.|last2=Venator|first2=Joanna|date=21 January 2014|title=Three Policies to Close the Class Divide in Family Formation|url=https://www.brookings.edu/blog/social-mobility-memos/2014/01/21/three-policies-to-close-the-class-divide-in-family-formation/|access-date=20 December 2020|website=Brookings Institution}}</ref>

Research by the [[Urban Institute]] conducted in 2014, projected that if current trends continue, millennials will have a lower marriage rate compared to previous generations, predicting that by age 40, 31% of millennial women will remain single, approximately twice the share of their single Gen X counterparts. The data showed similar trends for males.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://money.cnn.com/2014/07/20/news/economy/millennials-marriage/|title=When it comes to marriage, Millennials are saying 'I don't.'|last1=Luhby|first1=Tami|date=30 July 2014|website=CNN Money|access-date=4 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.urban.org/research/publication/fewer-marriages-more-divergence-marriage-projections-millennials-age-40|title=Fewer Marriages, More Divergence: Marriage Projections for Millennials to Age 40|last1=Martin|first1=Steven|date=29 April 2014|access-date=4 June 2016|publisher=Urban Institute}}</ref> A 2016 study from [[Pew Research]] showed millennials delay some activities considered rites of passage of adulthood with data showing young adults aged 18–34 were more likely to live with parents than with a relationship partner, an unprecedented occurrence since data collection began in 1880. Data also showed a significant increase in the percentage of young adults living with parents compared to the previous demographic cohort, [[Generation X]], with 23% of young adults aged 18–34 living with parents in 2000, rising to 32% in 2014. Additionally, in 2000, 43% of those aged 18–34 were married or living with a partner, with this figure dropping to 32% in 2014. High student debt is described as one reason for continuing to live with parents, but may not be the dominant factor for this shift as the data shows the trend is stronger for those without a college education. Richard Fry, a senior economist for Pew Research said of millennials, "they're the group much more likely to live with their parents," further stating that "they're concentrating more on school, careers and work and less focused on forming new families, spouses or partners and children."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://latimes.com/business/la-fi-millennials-live-at-home-20160524-snap-story.html|title=More young adults live with parents than partners, a first|date=24 May 2016|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|access-date=31 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2016/05/24/for-first-time-in-modern-era-living-with-parents-edges-out-other-living-arrangements-for-18-to-34-year-olds/|title=For First Time in Modern Era, Living With Parents Edges Out Other Living Arrangements for 18- to 34-Year-Olds|last1=Fry|first1=Richard|date=24 May 2016|access-date=31 May 2016|publisher=Pew Research}}</ref>[[File:Dad with a Bjorn.jpg|thumb|A young father with a baby in Stockholm, Sweden (2015)|alt=|left]]
According to a cross-generational study comparing millennials to Generation X conducted at the [[Wharton School]] at the [[University of Pennsylvania]], more than half of millennial undergraduates surveyed do not plan to have children. The researchers compared surveys of the Wharton graduating class of 1992 and 2012. In 1992, 78% of women planned to eventually have children dropping to 42% in 2012. The results were similar for male students. The research revealed among both genders the proportion of undergraduates who reported they eventually planned to have children had dropped in half over the course of a generation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://worklife.wharton.upenn.edu/research/life-interests-of-wharton-students/|title=Life Interests Of Wharton Students|date=19 November 2012|website=Work/Life Integration Project|publisher=University of Pennsylvania|access-date=1 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Anderson|first1=Kare|date=5 October 2013|title=Baby Bust: Millennials' View Of Family, Work, Friendship And Doing Well|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/kareanderson/2013/10/05/baby-bust-millennials-view-of-family-work-friendship-and-doing-well/#6858f97070dd|magazine=Forbes|access-date=1 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603182745/https://www.forbes.com/sites/kareanderson/2013/10/05/baby-bust-millennials-view-of-family-work-friendship-and-doing-well/#2d35696c2af0|archive-date=3 June 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.parents.com/blogs/parents-perspective/2014/01/10/the-parents-perspective/millennials-arent-planning-on-having-children-should-we-worry/|title=Millennials Aren't Planning on Having Children. Should We Worry?|last1=Assimon|first1=Jessie|access-date=1 June 2016|publisher=Parents}}</ref> ''[[Quest (Dutch magazine)|Quest]]'' reported in March 2020 that, in Belgium, 11% of women and 16% of men between the ages of 25 and 35 did not want children and that in the Netherlands, 10% of 30-year-old women polled had decided against having children or having more children.<ref name="van de Water">{{Cite news|author=Sebastiaan van de Water|date=20 March 2020|title=Zijn er nu meer mensen die geen kinderen willen dan vroeger?|language=nl|work=Quest|url=https://www.quest.nl/mens/lifestyle/a31780117/kinderwens-westerse-wereld-verdwenen/|access-date=30 May 2020}}</ref> A 2019 study revealed that among 191 Swedish men aged 20 to 50, 39 were not fathers and did not want to have children in the future (20.4%). Desire to have (more) children was not related to level of education, country of birth, sexual orientation or relationship status. Some Swedish men "passively" choose not to have children because they feel their life is already good as it is without bringing children to the world, and because they do not face the same amount of social pressure to have children the way [[Voluntary childlessness|voluntarily childless]] women do.<ref name="Bodin">{{cite journal |last1=Bodin |first1=Maja |last2=Plantin |first2=Lars |last3=Elmerstig |first3=Eva |title=A wonderful experience or a frightening commitment? An exploration of men's reasons to (not) have children |journal=Reproductive Biomedicine & Society Online |date=December 2019 |volume=9 |pages=19–27 |doi=10.1016/j.rbms.2019.11.002 |pmid=31938736 |pmc=6953767 }}</ref>

But as their economic prospects improve, most millennials in the United States say they desire marriage, children, and home ownership.<ref name="Frey-2018" /> Geopolitical analyst [[Peter Zeihan]] argued that because of the size of the millennial cohort relative to the size of the U.S. population and because they are having children, the United States will continue to maintain an economic advantage over most other developed nations, whose millennial cohorts are not only smaller than those of their elders but also do not have as high a fertility rate. The prospects of any given country is constrained by its demography.<ref name="Zeihan-2016" /> Psychologist Jean Twenge and a colleague's analysis of data from the General Social Survey of 40,000 Americans aged 30 and over from the 1970s to the 2010s suggests that socioeconomic status (as determined by factors such as income, educational attainment, and occupational prestige), marriage, and happiness are positive correlated and that these relationships are independent of cohort or age. However, the data cannot tell whether marriage causes happiness or the other way around; [[Correlation does not imply causation|correlation does not mean causation]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Twenge|first=Jean|date=20 July 2020|title=Marriage and Money: How Much Does Marriage Explain the Growing Class Divide in Happiness?|url=https://ifstudies.org/blog/marriage-and-money-how-much-does-marriage-explain-the-growing-class-divide-in-happiness|access-date=3 November 2020|website=Institute for Family Studies}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=J. M.|first1=Twenge|last2=Cooper|first2=A. B.|date=2020|title=The expanding class divide in happiness in the United States, 1972–2016|journal=Emotion|volume=22 |issue=4 |pages=701–713 |doi=10.1037/emo0000774|pmid=32567878|s2cid=219970975}}</ref>

In the United States, between the late 1970s and the late 2010s, the shares of people who were married declined among the lower class (from 60% down to 33%) and the middle class (84% down to 66%), but remained steady among the upper class (~80%). In fact, it was the lower and middle classes that were driving the U.S. marriage rate down.<ref name="Reeves-2020">{{Cite web|last1=Reeves|first1=Richard V.|last2=Pulliam|first2=Christopher|date=11 March 2020|title=Middle class marriage is declining, and likely deepening inequality|url=https://www.brookings.edu/research/middle-class-marriage-is-declining-and-likely-deepening-inequality/|access-date=1 January 2021|website=Brookings Institution}}</ref> Among Americans aged 25 to 39, the divorce rate per 1,000 married persons dropped from 30 to 24 between 1990 and 2015. For comparison, among those aged 50 and up, the divorce rate went from 5 in 1990 to 10 in 2015; that among people aged 40 to 49 increased from 18 to 21 per 1,000 married persons.<ref name="Stepler-2017">{{Cite web|last=Stepler|first=Renee|date=9 March 2017|title=Led by Baby Boomers, divorce rates climb for America's 50+ population|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/03/09/led-by-baby-boomers-divorce-rates-climb-for-americas-50-population/|access-date=10 November 2020|website=Pew Research Center}}</ref> In general, the level of education is a predictor of marriage and income. University graduates are more likely to get married and less likely to divorce.<ref name="Reeves-2020" /><ref name="Stepler-2017" />

Demographer and futurist Mark McCrindle suggested the name "[[Generation Alpha]]" (or Generation <math>\alpha</math>) for the offspring of a majority of millennials,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Lavelle|first=Daniel|date=4 January 2019|title=Move over, millennials and Gen Z – here comes Generation Alpha|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/shortcuts/2019/jan/04/move-over-millennials-and-gen-z-here-comes-generation-alpha|access-date=15 May 2019}}</ref> people born after [[Generation Z]],<ref name="Sterbenz, Christina">{{cite web|author=Sterbenz, Christina|date=6 December 2015|title=Here's who comes after Generation Z – and they're going to change the world forever|url=http://www.businessinsider.in/Heres-who-comes-after-Generation-Z-and-theyre-going-to-change-the-world-forever/articleshow/50060434.cms|access-date=10 December 2015|work=Business Insider}}</ref> noting that scientific disciplines often move to the [[Greek alphabet]] after exhausting the [[Roman alphabet]].<ref name="Sterbenz, Christina" /> By 2016, the cumulative number of American women of the millennial generation who had given birth at least once reached 17.3 million.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Livingston|first=Gretchen|date=4 May 2018|title=More than a million Millennials are becoming moms each year|work=Pew Research Center|department=Fact Tank|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/05/04/more-than-a-million-millennials-are-becoming-moms-each-year/|access-date=25 April 2020}}</ref> Globally, there are some two and a half million people belonging to Generation Alpha born every week and their number is expected to reach two billion by 2025.<ref name="Williams-2015">{{Cite news|last=Williams|first=Alex|date=19 September 2015|title=Meet Alpha: The Next 'Next Generation'|work=The New York Times|department=Fashion|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/19/fashion/meet-alpha-the-next-next-generation.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150922082428/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/19/fashion/meet-alpha-the-next-next-generation.html |archive-date=22 September 2015 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|access-date=7 September 2019}}</ref> However, most of the human population growth in the 2010s comes from Africa and Asia, as nations in Europe and the Americas tend to have too few children to replace themselves.<ref name="AFP-2018">{{Cite news|last=AFP|date=10 November 2018|title=Developing nations' rising birth rates fuel global baby boom|work=The Straits Times|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/world/europe/developing-nations-rising-birth-rates-fuel-global-baby-boom|access-date=2 February 2020}}</ref> According to the United Nations, the global annual rate of growth has been declining steadily since the late twentieth century, dropping to about one percent in 2019. They also discovered that fertility rates were falling faster in the developing world than previously thought, and subsequently revised their projection of human population in 2050 down to 9.7 billion.<ref name="TheEconomist-2019">{{Cite news|date=22 June 2019|title=The UN revises down its population forecasts|newspaper=The Economist|department=Demography|url=https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2019/06/22/the-un-revises-down-its-population-forecasts|access-date=20 January 2020}}</ref> Fertility rates have been falling around the world thanks to rising standards of living, better access to contraceptives, and improved educational and economic opportunities. The global average fertility rate was 2.4 in 2017, down from 4.7 in 1950.<ref name="Gallagher-2018">{{Cite news|last=Gallagher|first=James|date=9 November 2018|title='Remarkable' decline in fertility rates|work=BBC News|department=Health|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/health-46118103|access-date=1 January 2020}}</ref>

Effects of intensifying assortative mating (discussed in the previous section) will likely be seen in the next generation, as parental income and educational level are positively correlated with children's success.<ref name="Miller-2016" /> In the United States, children from families in the highest income quintile are the most likely to live with married parents (94% in 2018), followed by children of the middle class (74%) and the bottom quintile (35%).<ref name="Reeves-2020" />

Living in the digital age, millennial parents have taken plenty of photographs of their children and have chosen both digital storage (e.g., [[Dropbox]]) and physical [[photo album]]s to preserve their memories.<ref>{{Cite news|last=St-Esprit|first=Meg|date=7 December 2018|title=How millennial Parents Are Reinventing the Cherished Family Photo Album|work=The Atlantic|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/family/archive/2018/12/preserving-kids-photos-in-the-digital-age/577579/|access-date=26 October 2021|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210403232741/https://www.theatlantic.com/family/archive/2018/12/preserving-kids-photos-in-the-digital-age/577579/|archive-date=3 April 2021}}</ref> Many millennial parents document the childhood and growth of their children on social media platforms such as [[Instagram]] and [[Facebook]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lauer |first=Alex |date=21 January 2020 |title=Millennials Opted in to Social Media. Their Kids Don't Get That Choice. |url=https://www.insidehook.com/culture/millennial-parents-children-social-media-instagram |access-date=19 March 2024 |website=InsideHook |language=en-US}}</ref>