Editing Mile (section)

==International==
The '''international mile''' is precisely equal to '''{{val|1.609344|u=km}}''' (or {{sfrac|25146|15625}}&nbsp;km as a fraction).{{refn|1,760&nbsp;yards&nbsp;× 0.9144 m/yard.<ref>{{Citation |url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1985/72/schedules |title=Weights & Measures Act of 1985 |contribution=Schedule&nbsp;I, Part&nbsp;VI |access-date=7 July 2011 |archive-date=27 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111127060936/http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1985/72/schedules |url-status=live }}.</ref>}} It was established as part of the 1959 [[international yard and pound]] agreement reached by the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and the [[Union of South Africa]],{{sfnp|Barbrow|1976|pp=16–17, 20}} which resolved small but measurable differences that had arisen from separate physical standards each country had maintained for the yard.{{sfnp|Bigg|1964}} As with the earlier [[#Statute|statute mile]], it continues to comprise 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet.

The old Imperial value of the yard was used in converting measurements to metric values in India in a 1976 Act of the Indian Parliament.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Standards of Weights and Measures Act
| id = Act No. 60 of 1976
| author= Parliament of India 
| date = 8 April 1976
|url=http://202.54.104.236/intranet/eip/legislation/uploads/THE%2520STANDARDS%2520OF%2520WEIGHTS%2520AND%2520MEASURES%2520ACT%25201976.pdf|access-date=2023-03-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091112174359/http://202.54.104.236/intranet/eip/legislation/uploads/THE%2520STANDARDS%2520OF%2520WEIGHTS%2520AND%2520MEASURES%2520ACT%25201976.pdf |archive-date=12 November 2009 }}</ref> However, the current National Topographic Database of the [[Survey of India]] is based on the metric [[WGS-84]] [[datum (geodesy)|datum]],<ref>[[Survey of India]], "[http://www.surveyofindia.gov.in/tenders/nationalmappolicy/nationalmappolicy.pdf National Map Policy&nbsp;– 2005] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100331035549/http://www.surveyofindia.gov.in/tenders/nationalmappolicy/nationalmappolicy.pdf |date=2010-03-31 }}".</ref> which is also used by the [[Global Positioning System]].

The difference from the previous standards was 2&nbsp;[[Parts per million|ppm]], or about 3.2&nbsp;millimetres ({{frac|8}}&nbsp;inch) per mile. The US standard was slightly longer and the old Imperial standards had been slightly shorter than the international mile. When the international mile was introduced in English-speaking countries, the basic [[geodetic datum]] in America was the [[North American Datum]] of 1927 (NAD27). This had been constructed by [[triangulation]] based on the definition of the foot in the [[Mendenhall Order]] of 1893, with 1&nbsp;foot&nbsp;=&nbsp;{{sfrac|1200|3937}} (≈0.304800609601) metres and the definition was retained for data derived from NAD27, but renamed the ''US survey foot'' to distinguish it from the international foot.{{sfnp|Astin|1959}}<ref group="n">When reading the document it helps to bear in mind that 999,998 = 3,937 × 254.</ref> Thus a survey mile =&nbsp;{{sfrac|1200|3937}} × 5280 (≈1609.347218694) metres. An international mile = 1609.344 / ({{sfrac|1200|3937}} × 5280) (=0.999998) survey miles.

The exact length of the land mile varied slightly among English-speaking countries until the [[international yard and pound]] agreement in 1959 established the yard as exactly 0.9144&nbsp;metres, giving a mile of exactly 1,609.344&nbsp;metres. The US adopted this international mile for most purposes, but retained the pre-1959 mile for some land-survey data, terming it the ''U. S. survey mile''. In the United States, ''statute mile'' normally refers to the survey mile,<ref>[http://www.convertunits.com/from/mile+%5Bstatute%5D/to/mile+%5Bstatute,+US%5D Convert mile &#91;statute&#93; to mile &#91;statute, US&#93;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220024313/http://www.convertunits.com/from/mile+&#91;statute&#93;/to/mile+&#91;statute,+US&#93; |date=20 February 2015 }} "1 metre is equal to {{val|0.000621371192237}} mile [statute], or {{val|0.000621369949495}} mile [statute, US]. ... The U.S. statute mile (or survey mile) is defined by the survey foot. This is different from the international statute mile, which is defined as exactly 1609.344 metres. The U.S. statute mile is defined as 5,280 U.S. survey feet, which is around {{val|1609.347219}} metres."</ref> about 3.219&nbsp;mm ({{frac|1|8}}&nbsp;inch) longer than the international mile (the international mile is exactly 0.0002% less than the US survey mile).

While many countries abandoned the mile when switching to the [[International System of Units|metric system]], the international mile continues to be used in some countries, such as [[Liberia]], [[Myanmar]],<ref>[[:File:Naypyitaw Tollbooth.jpg]]</ref> the United Kingdom<ref>{{cite legislation UK | type = si | year = 1995 | number = 1804 | si = The Units of Measurement Regulations 1995 |url = http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/1804/made?view=plain}}</ref> and the United States.<ref>[http://www.iihs.org/laws/speedlimits.aspx Maximum posted speed limits] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110923192742/http://www.iihs.org/laws/speedlimits.aspx |date=23 September 2011 }} (US) IIHS. Retrieved 14 September 2011</ref> It is also used in a number of territories with less than a million inhabitants, most of which are UK or US territories, or have close historical ties with the UK or US: American Samoa,<ref>{{cite news |last=Hayner |first=Jeff |url=http://www.samoanews.com/?q=node/69174 |title=ASAA planning 1.2-mile swim in Pago Pago harbor |publisher=Samoa News |date=29 November 2012 |access-date=18 January 2014 |archive-date=29 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029202845/http://www.samoanews.com/?q=node/69174 |url-status=live }}</ref> Bahamas,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thenassauguardian.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=33732:new-providence-cycling-association-calendar-of-events-for-september&catid=41:sports&Itemid=50 |title=The Nassau Guardian |date=29 August 2012 |access-date=18 January 2014 |archive-date=29 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029201629/http://www.thenassauguardian.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=33732:new-providence-cycling-association-calendar-of-events-for-september&catid=41:sports&Itemid=50 }}</ref> Belize,<ref>{{cite web |author=Jerome Williams |url=http://amandala.com.bz/news/pawpa-brown-race-results/ |title=Pawpa Brown Race results |publisher=Amandala.com.bz |date=30 August 2013 |access-date=18 January 2014 |archive-date=29 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029201039/http://amandala.com.bz/news/pawpa-brown-race-results/ |url-status=live }}</ref> British Virgin Islands,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://bvibeacon.com/2/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3442%3Amt-bikers-compete-in-anegada&Itemid=60 |title=Mt. bikers compete in Anegada |publisher=Bvibeacon.com |date=8 May 2013 |access-date=18 January 2014 |archive-date=29 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029200833/http://bvibeacon.com/2/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3442%3Amt-bikers-compete-in-anegada&Itemid=60 |url-status=live }}</ref> Cayman Islands,<ref name="compasscayman.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.compasscayman.com/story.aspx?id=125193 |title=Paddling 300 miles for NCVO |work=Cayman Compass |date=4 June 2013 |access-date=18 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029201142/http://www.compasscayman.com/story.aspx?id=125193 |archive-date=29 October 2013 }}</ref> Dominica,<ref name="compasscayman.com"/> Falkland Islands,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.penguin-news.com/index.php/news/sport/item/593-bronze-medal-for-falklands-football-at-island-games-in-bermuda |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924070910/http://www.penguin-news.com/index.php/news/sport/item/593-bronze-medal-for-falklands-football-at-island-games-in-bermuda |archive-date=24 September 2015 |title=Bronze medal for Falklands football at Island Games in Bermuda |publisher=Penguin-news.com |date=24 July 2013 |access-date=18 January 2014 }}</ref> Grenada,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spicegrenada.com/index.php/14-new-today-roundup/26-find-the-culprit-editorial |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130916033845/http://www.spicegrenada.com/index.php/14-new-today-roundup/26-find-the-culprit-editorial |archive-date=16 September 2013 |title=Find the culprit!!! |publisher=Spicegrenada.com |access-date=18 January 2014 }}</ref> Guam,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.guampdn.com/article/20120306/NEWS01/120306010/UPDATE-Navy-evacuates-patient-from-cruise-ship-50-miles-off-Guaml |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130916033924/http://www.guampdn.com/article/20120306/NEWS01/120306010/UPDATE-Navy-evacuates-patient-from-cruise-ship-50-miles-off-Guaml |archive-date=16 September 2013 |title=Navy evacuates patient from cruise ship 50 miles off Guam |work=Pacific Daily News |date=9 March 2013 |access-date=18 January 2014 }}</ref> The N. Mariana Islands,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-09-23|title=Saipan Tribune.|url=http://www.saipantribune.com/newsstory.aspx?newsID=138785|access-date=2023-03-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130923035828/http://www.saipantribune.com/newsstory.aspx?newsID=138785 |archive-date=23 September 2013 }}</ref> Samoa,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-09-23|title=When you need to go|url=http://www.samoaobserver.ws/opinion/letters-to-the-editor/4459-when-you-need-to-go|access-date=2023-03-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130923054442/http://www.samoaobserver.ws/opinion/letters-to-the-editor/4459-when-you-need-to-go |archive-date=23 September 2013 }}</ref> St. Lucia,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thevoiceslu.com/let_and_op/2008/feburary/09_02_08/What_we_can_do_about_oil.htm |title=The Voice – The national newspaper of St. Lucia since 1885 |publisher=Thevoiceslu.com |date=8 February 2008 |access-date=18 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029204340/http://www.thevoiceslu.com/let_and_op/2008/feburary/09_02_08/What_we_can_do_about_oil.htm |archive-date=29 October 2013 }}</ref> St. Vincent & The Grenadines,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://searchlight.vc/peace-corps-volunteer-runs-miles-from-petit-bordel-to-georgetown-p36364-82.htm |title=Peace Corps Volunteer runs 49 miles from Petit Bordel to Georgetown |publisher=Searchlight.vc |date=16 December 2011 |access-date=18 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029202523/http://searchlight.vc/peace-corps-volunteer-runs-miles-from-petit-bordel-to-georgetown-p36364-82.htm |archive-date=29 October 2013 }}</ref> St. Helena,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://sthelenaonline.org/2012/10/08/my-big-walk/ |title=And I would walk 50 miles... |publisher=Sthelenaonline.org |date=7 October 2012 |access-date=18 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140322095732/http://sthelenaonline.org/2012/10/08/my-big-walk/ |archive-date=22 March 2014 }}</ref> St. Kitts & Nevis,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thestkittsnevisobserver.com/2012/09/28/commentary.html |title=104 Square Miles, but is it ours? |publisher=The St. Kitts-Nevis Observer |date=28 September 2012 |access-date=18 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130201163818/http://www.thestkittsnevisobserver.com/2012/09/28/commentary.html |archive-date=1 February 2013 }}</ref> the Turks & Caicos Islands,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://suntci.com/provo-has-a-new-club-p142-106.htm |title=Provo has a new club |publisher=Suntci.com |date=15 July 2009 |access-date=18 January 2014 |archive-date=29 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029205243/http://suntci.com/provo-has-a-new-club-p142-106.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> and the US Virgin Islands.<ref>{{cite news|author=AARON GRAY (Daily News Staff) |url=http://virginislandsdailynews.com/sports/butler-outduels-archrival-to-win-8-tuff-miles-1.1277646 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130916040357/http://virginislandsdailynews.com/sports/butler-outduels-archrival-to-win-8-tuff-miles-1.1277646 |archive-date=16 September 2013 |title=Butler outduels archrival to win 8 Tuff Miles |newspaper=Virgin Islands Daily News |date=27 February 2012 |access-date=18 January 2014 }}</ref>
The mile is even encountered in Canada, though this is predominantly in rail transport and horse racing, as the roadways have been metricated since 1977.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Branch|first=Legislative Services|date=2021-04-19|title=Consolidated federal laws of Canada, Weights and Measures Act|url=https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/W-6/page-2.html|access-date=2023-03-10|website=laws-lois.justice.gc.ca|archive-date=10 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230310044527/https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/W-6/page-2.html|url-status=live}}{{pb}}Act current to 18 January 2012. Canadian units (5) The Canadian units of measurement are as set out and defined in Schedule II, and the symbols and abbreviations therefor are as added pursuant to subparagraph 6(1)(b)(ii).</ref><ref>''[http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/W-6/page-15.html/ Weights and Measures Act] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121016084035/http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/W-6/page-15.html/ |date=16 October 2012 }}''</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Government of Canada|first=Transportation Safety Board of Canada|date=2011-10-26|title=Railway Investigation Report R10E0096 - Transportation Safety Board of Canada|url=http://www.tsb.gc.ca/eng/rapports-reports/rail/2010/r10e0096/r10e0096.html|access-date=2023-03-10|website=www.tsb.gc.ca|archive-date=14 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220914190153/https://www.tsb.gc.ca/eng/rapports-reports/rail/2010/r10e0096/r10e0096.html|url-status=live}}{{pb}}February 2012, Rail Report&nbsp;– 2010&nbsp;– Report Number R10E0096. Other Factual Information (See Figure 1). 2. Assignment 602 travelled approximately 12 car lengths into track VC-64 and at a speed of 9 mph struck a stationary cut of 46 empty cars (with the air brakes applied) that had been placed in the track about {{frac|2|1|2}} hours earlier. Canadian railways have not been metricated and therefore continue to measure trackage in miles and speed in miles per hour.</ref><ref>''[http://www.hastingspark.com/racing/factbook.aspx Hastings Racecourse Fact Book]'' {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120418172501/http://www.hastingspark.com/racing/factbook.aspx |date=18 April 2012 }} Like Canadian railways, Canadian race tracks have not been metricated and continue to measure distance in miles, furlongs, and yards (see page 18 of the fact book).</ref> Ireland gradually replaced miles with kilometres, including in speed measurements; the process was completed in 2005.