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===Aviation meteorology=== Aviation meteorology deals with the impact of weather on [[air traffic control|air traffic management]].<ref>{{cite book |title=A Dictionary of Aviation |first=David W. |last=Wragg |isbn=9780850451634 |edition=first |publisher=Osprey |year=1973 |page=190}}</ref> It is important for air crews to understand the implications of weather on their flight plan as well as their aircraft, as noted by the ''[[Aeronautical Information Manual]]'':<ref>An international version called the [[Aeronautical Information Publication]] contains parallel information, as well as specific information on the international airports for use by the international community.</ref> <blockquote>The effects of ice on aircraft are cumulative—thrust is reduced, drag increases, lift lessens, and weight increases. The results are an increase in stall speed and a deterioration of aircraft performance. In extreme cases, 2 to 3 inches of ice can form on the leading edge of the airfoil in less than 5 minutes. It takes but 1/2 inch of ice to reduce the lifting power of some aircraft by 50 percent and increases the frictional drag by an equal percentage.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/aim_html/chap7_section_1.html |publisher=[[Federal Aviation Administration]], Dept. of Transportation |title=Aeronautical Information Manual, Section 1. Meteorology: 7-1-21. PIREPs Relating to Airframe Icing |date=2020-07-16 |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=AIM Online |archive-date=21 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200621001702/https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/aim_html/chap7_section_1.html |url-status=live }}</ref></blockquote>
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