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===Philippines=== {{main|Martial law in the Philippines}} During the [[World War II in the Philippines|Second World War]], [[President of the Philippines|President]] [[Jose P. Laurel|JosΓ© P. Laurel]] placed the [[Second Philippine Republic|Philippines]] (then a [[client state]] of [[Empire of Japan|Imperial Japan]]) under martial law via Proclamation β 29, dated 21 September 1944 and enforced the following day at 09:00 [[Philippine Standard Time|PST]]. Proclamation β 30 was issued on 23 September, declaring the existence of a [[war|state of war]] between the [[Philippines]] and the [[United States]] and the [[United Kingdom]], effective 10:00 that day. The country was under martial law again from 1972 to 1981 under President [[Ferdinand Marcos]]. [[Proclamation β 1081]] ("Proclaiming a State of Martial Law in the Philippines") was signed on 21 September 1972 and came into force on 23 September. The official reason behind the declaration was to suppress increasing civil strife and the threat of a [[Communist rebellion in the Philippines|communist takeover]], particularly after a series of bombings (including the [[Plaza Miranda bombing]]) and an assassination attempt on [[Secretary of National Defense (Philippines)|Defense Minister]] [[Juan Ponce Enrile]] in [[Mandaluyong]]. The policy of martial law was initially well received, but it eventually proved unpopular as the military's [[Human rights in the Philippines|human rights]] abuses (e.g. use of [[torture]] in intelligence gathering, [[forced disappearance]]s), along with the decadence and excess of the Marcos family and their allies, had emerged. Coupled with economic downturns, these factors fermented dissent in various sectors (e.g. the urban [[middle class]]) that crystallised with the [[assassination of Benigno Aquino Jr.|assassination]] of jailed oppositionist [[Senate of the Philippines|Senator]] [[Benigno Aquino Jr.]] in 1983, and widespread fraud in the [[1986 Philippine presidential election|1986 snap elections]]. These eventually led to the [[1986 People Power Revolution]] that ousted Marcos and forced him into exile in [[Hawaii]] where he died in 1989; his rival presidential candidate and Aquino's widow, [[Corazon Aquino|Corazon]], was installed as his successor. During this 9-year period, curfews were implemented as a safety measure. Majority of radio and television networks were suspended. Journalists who were accused of speaking against the government were taken as political prisoners, some of them to be physically abused and tortured by the authorities. Others have stated that the implementation of Martial Law was taken advantage by the Marcos regime. Billion pesos worth of property and ill-gotten wealth was said to be acquired by Marcos' consort, [[First Lady of the Philippines|First Lady]] [[Imelda Marcos]]. This alleged money laundering issue was brought back recently, particularly in the ''[[PiliPinas Debates 2016]]'' for the recently held [[2016 Philippine presidential election|Philippine Presidential Elections on May 9, 2016]]. Ferdinand "Bongbong" Marcos Jr., Marcos' son, ran for the vice presidency and lost. There were rumours that President [[Gloria Macapagal Arroyo]] was planning to impose martial law to end military ''[[coup d'etat]]'' plots, general civilian dissatisfaction, and criticism of her legitimacy arising from the dubious results of the [[2004 Philippine presidential election|2004 presidential elections]]. Instead, a [[2006 state of emergency in the Philippines|State of National Emergency]] was imposed in 2006 from 24 February to 3 March, in order to quash a coup attempt and quell protesters. On 4 December 2009, President Arroyo officially placed the [[Provinces of the Philippines|Province]] of [[Maguindanao]] under a state of martial law through Proclamation β 1959.<ref name="gmanews.tv">{{cite web|url=http://www.gmanews.tv/story/178575/arroyo-declares-martial-law-in-maguindanao|title=Arroyo declares martial law in Maguindanao province|date=5 December 2009 }}</ref> As with the last imposition, the declaration suspended the [[writ of habeas corpus]] in the province.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20091205-240233/Martial-law-declared-in-Maguindanao |title=Martial law declared in Maguindanao - INQUIRER.net, Philippine News for Filipinos |access-date=2009-12-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091207090214/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20091205-240233/Martial-law-declared-in-Maguindanao |archive-date=2009-12-07 }}</ref> The announcement came days after hundreds of government troops were sent to the province to raid the armories of the powerful Ampatuan clan. The Ampatuans were implicated in the [[Maguindanao Massacre|massacre of 58 persons]], including women from the rival [[Esmael Mangudadatu|Mangudadatu clan]], human rights lawyers, and 31 media workers. Cited as one of the bloodiest incidents of [[political violence]] in Philippine history, the massacre was condemned worldwide as the worst loss of life of media professionals in one day.<ref name="gmanews.tv"/> On 23 May 2017, President [[Rodrigo Duterte]] declared martial law throughout the main southern island of [[Mindanao]], through [[Proclamation No. 216]], due to the [[Marawi crisis|attack]] of [[Maute Group]] in [[Marawi City]], [[Lanao del Sur]]. It was announced in a briefing in Moscow by Secretary [[Ernesto Abella]],<ref name="news.abs-cbn.com">{{cite web|url=http://news.abs-cbn.com/news/05/23/17/duterte-declares-martial-law-in-mindanao|title=Duterte declares Martial Law in Mindanao|date=23 May 2017}}</ref> and was in effect until December 2019.
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