Editing Leiden (section)

== Miscellaneous ==
*The coat of arms of Leiden is two red keys, crossed in an X-shape on a white background. These keys are the [[Keys of Heaven]] held by St. Peter, for whom a large church in the city centre is named. Because of this coat of arms, Leiden is referred to as the ''"Sleutelstad"'' ("the key city").<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://orientationweek.org/description-and-enrollment/leiden/ |title=Leiden Information |access-date=5 February 2015 |website=Orientation Week |archive-date=5 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150205161752/http://orientationweek.org/description-and-enrollment/leiden/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
*For a time Leiden held the title "The Coldest Place on Earth" because of the developments in [[cryogenics]] in a laboratory there. [[Heike Kamerlingh Onnes]] (1913 [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]) liquefied [[helium]] for the first time (1908), and later managed to reach a temperature of less than one degree above [[Absolute zero]].
*The Norwegian cheese "[[nøkkelost]]" ("key cheese") is named after the keys in coat of arms of Leyden, as it is a variation of [[Leyden cheese]].
*The following places and things are named after this city:
**[[Leyden, New York]], USA
**[[Leyden, Massachusetts]], USA<ref>{{cite book |last=Gannett |first=Henry |title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ |year=1905 |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |page=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ/page/n185 186]}}</ref>
**[[Leyden Township, Cook County, Illinois]], USA
**[[Leiden scale]], for measuring extreme low temperatures.
**[[Factor V Leiden]] is named after the city of Leiden where it was discovered in 1994.
**The [[Leyden jar]], a [[capacitor]] made from a glass jar, was invented here by [[Pieter van Musschenbroek]] in 1746. It was actually first invented by [[Ewald Georg von Kleist]] the year before, but the name "Leyden jar" stuck.
*Leiden's ''Stadhuis'' (Town Hall) has a poem in the form of a [[cryptogram]] on its façade that records the date 1574 in [[Roman numerals]], the year of the "Black Famine" or Spanish siege (W equals two Vs):
[[File:Leiden Stadhuis plaque 2.jpg|thumb|right|The poem on Leiden's Stadhuis]]
{{blockquote|quote=<poem>:Nae z'''W'''arte H'''V'''nger-noot
:Gebra'''C'''ht had tot de doot
:b'''I'''naest zes-d'''VI'''zent '''M'''ens'''C'''hen;
:a'''L'''st god den heer '''V'''erdroot
:gaf h'''I''' '''V'''ns '''W'''eder broot
:zo '''V'''ee'''L''' '''WI''' '''CV'''nsten '''W'''ens'''C'''hen.</poem>}}
(Dutch: "When the Black Famine had brought to the death nearly six thousand persons, then God the Lord repented, and gave bread again as much as we could wish".)<ref>{{cite book |title=Handbook to Holland |publisher=Ward Lock |date=1925 |page=92 |edition=7th}}</ref>