Editing Kofi Annan (section)

=== Joint Special Envoy for Syria ===
{{Main|Kofi Annan Syrian peace plan}}

On 23 February 2012, Annan was appointed as the UN and [[Arab League]] joint special envoy to Syria in an attempt to end the [[Syrian civil war|civil war]] taking place.<ref name=SyriaBBC /> He developed a six-point plan for peace:<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kofi Annan's six-point plan|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2012/3/27/kofi-annans-six-point-plan-for-syria|access-date=2022-04-05|publisher=Al Jazeera|date=2012-03-27|archive-date=1 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180801182553/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2012/03/2012327153111767387.html/|url-status=live}}</ref>
{{blockquote|
# commit to work with the Envoy in an inclusive Syrian-led political process to address the legitimate aspirations and concerns of the Syrian people, and, to this end, commit to appoint an empowered interlocutor when invited to do so by the Envoy;
# commit to stop the fighting and achieve urgently an effective United Nations supervised cessation of armed violence in all its forms by all parties to protect civilians and stabilise the country.
#: To this end, the Syrian government should immediately cease troop movements towards, and end the use of heavy weapons in, population centres, and begin pullback of military concentrations in and around population centres.
#: As these actions are being taken on the ground, the Syrian government should work with the Envoy to bring about a sustained cessation of armed violence in all its forms by all parties with an effective United Nations supervision mechanism.
#: Similar commitments would be sought by the Envoy from the opposition and all relevant elements to stop the fighting and work with him to bring about a sustained cessation of armed violence in all its forms by all parties with an effective United Nations supervision mechanism;
# ensure timely provision of humanitarian assistance to all areas affected by the fighting, and to this end, as immediate steps, to accept and implement a daily two-hour humanitarian pause and to coordinate exact time and modalities of the daily pause through an efficient mechanism, including at local level;
# intensify the pace and scale of release of arbitrarily detained persons, including especially vulnerable categories of persons, and persons involved in peaceful political activities, provide without delay through appropriate channels a list of all places in which such persons are being detained, immediately begin organizing access to such locations and through appropriate channels respond promptly to all written requests for information, access or release regarding such persons;
# ensure freedom of movement throughout the country for journalists and a non-discriminatory visa policy for them;
# respect freedom of association and the right to demonstrate peacefully as legally guaranteed.
}}
On 2 August, he resigned as envoy to Syria,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2012-08-02|title='Main battle' about to begin in Aleppo, UN peacekeeping chief says|url=https://www.cnn.com/2012/08/02/world/meast/syria-unrest/index.html|access-date=2022-04-05|publisher=CNN|language=en|archive-date=19 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170619190315/http://www.cnn.com/2012/08/02/world/meast/syria-unrest/index.html?hpt=hp_t1|url-status=live}}</ref> citing the intransigence of both the [[Assad government]] and the [[Syrian opposition to Bashar al-Assad|rebels]], as well as the stalemate on the Security Council as preventing any peaceful resolution of the situation.<ref>{{cite web |title=The United Nations in the Heart of Europe {{!}} News & Media {{!}} Transcript of the Press Conference by JSE Kofi Annan |url=http://www.unog.ch/unog/website/news_media.nsf/%28httpNewsByYear_en%29/9483586914CF2E3FC1257A4E00589EE7?OpenDocument&cntxt=FA0FE&cookielang=en |publisher=[[United Nations Office at Geneva]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120918021154/http://www.unog.ch/unog/website/news_media.nsf/%28httpNewsByYear_en%29/9483586914CF2E3FC1257A4E00589EE7?OpenDocument&cntxt=FA0FE&cookielang=en  |archive-date=18 September 2012 |date=2 August 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Annan also stated that the lack of international unity and ineffective diplomacy among world leaders had made the peaceful resolution in Syria an impossible task.<ref>{{cite news|last=Black|first=Ian|title=Kofi Annan resigns as Syria envoy|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/aug/02/kofi-annan-resigns-syria-envoy|access-date=3 August 2012|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|date=2 August 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131027171229/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/aug/02/kofi-annan-resigns-syria-envoy|archive-date=27 October 2013|url-status=live}}</ref>

==== Global Commission on Elections, Democracy and Security ====
Annan served as the chair of the Global Commission on Elections, Democracy and Security.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.idea.int/elections/global-commission-2012/|title=Global Commission on Elections, Democracy and Security &#124; International IDEA|website=idea.int |archive-date=7 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141007204738/http://www.idea.int/elections/global-commission-2012/}}</ref> The commission was launched in May 2011 as a joint initiative of the Kofi Annan Foundation and the [[International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance]]. It comprised 12 eminent individuals from around the world, including [[Ernesto Zedillo]], [[Martti Ahtisaari]], [[Madeleine Albright]] and [[Amartya Sen]], and aimed to highlight the importance of the integrity of elections to achieving a more secure, prosperous and stable world. The Commission released its final report, ''Deepening Democracy, a Strategy to Improve the Integrity of Elections Worldwide'',<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.idea.int/publications/deepening-democracy/loader.cfm?csModule=security/getfile&pageid=54594|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141015080950/http://www.idea.int/publications/deepening-democracy/loader.cfm?csModule=security/getfile&pageid=54594|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 October 2014|title=Publications &#124; International IDEA|website=idea.int}}</ref> in September 2012.