Editing Kidney (section)

===Congenital disease===
*Congenital [[hydronephrosis]]
*Congenital obstruction of urinary tract
*Duplex kidneys, or double kidneys, occur in approximately 1% of the population. This occurrence normally causes no complications, but can occasionally cause urinary tract infections.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2008/feb/19/health |title=How many people have four kidneys? |work=The Guardian |location=London |vauthors=Sample I |date=2008-02-19 |access-date=2016-12-19 |archive-date=2016-08-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817203659/https://www.theguardian.com/society/2008/feb/19/health |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Health/girls-kidneys-fail-doctors-find-double-valves-saving/story?id=10668525 |title=Kidneys Fail, Girl Survives with Spare Parts |publisher=Abcnews.go.com |date=2010-05-18 |access-date=2011-01-03 |archive-date=2010-05-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100521092403/http://abcnews.go.com/Health/girls-kidneys-fail-doctors-find-double-valves-saving/story?id=10668525 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[Duplicated ureter]] occurs in approximately one in 100 live births
*[[Horseshoe kidney]] occurs in approximately one in 400 live births
*[[Nephroblastoma]] (Syndromic Wilm's tumour)
* [[Nutcracker syndrome]]
*[[Polycystic kidney disease]]
**[[Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease]] affects patients later in life. Approximately one in 1000 people will develop this condition
**[[Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease]] is far less common, but more severe, than the dominant condition. It is apparent ''in utero'' or at birth.
*[[Renal agenesis]]. Failure of one kidney to form occurs in approximately one in 750 live births. Failure of both kidneys to form used to be fatal; however, medical advances such as amnioinfusion therapy during pregnancy and peritoneal dialysis have made it possible to stay alive until a transplant can occur.
*[[Renal dysplasia]]
*Unilateral small kidney
*[[Multicystic dysplastic kidney]] occurs in approximately one in every 2400 live births
*Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction or UPJO; although most cases are congenital, some are acquired.<ref>{{Cite book | vauthors = Novick AC, Gill IS, Klein EA, Rackley R, Ross JH, Jones JS |chapter=Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction |title=Operative Urology at the Cleveland Clinic |journal=Urology Annals|publisher=Humana Press|year=2006|isbn=978-1-58829-081-6|volume=8|location=Totowa, NJ|pages=S102–S108|doi=10.1007/978-1-59745-016-4_16|pmc=4869439|issue=Suppl 2}}<!--| access-date = 2010-10-09--></ref>