Editing Isaac Newton (section)

== The Enlightenment ==
It is held by European philosophers of the Enlightenment and by historians of the Enlightenment that Newton's publication of the [[Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica|''Principia'']] was a turning point in the [[Scientific Revolution]] and started the Enlightenment. It was Newton's conception of the universe based upon natural and rationally understandable laws that became one of the seeds for Enlightenment ideology.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gribbin |first=John |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780713997316/page/241 |title=Science: A History; 1543–2001 |date=2002 |publisher=Allen Lane |isbn=978-0-7139-9503-9 |edition= |location=London |pages=241}}</ref> [[John Locke]] and [[Voltaire]] applied concepts of natural law to political systems advocating intrinsic rights; the [[physiocrat]]s and [[Adam Smith]] applied natural conceptions of [[psychology]] and self-interest to economic systems; and [[sociology|sociologists]] criticised the current [[social order]] for trying to fit history into natural models of [[progress (history)|progress]].{{Citation needed|date=April 2025}} [[James Burnett, Lord Monboddo]] and [[Samuel Clarke]] resisted elements of Newton's work, but eventually rationalised it to conform with their strong religious views of nature.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Wilson |first=David B. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=53w2gMknsMYC&pg=PA213 |title=Seeking Nature's Logic: Natural Philosophy in the Scottish Enlightenment |date=2009 |publisher=Pennsylvania State University Press |isbn=978-0-271-03525-3 |location= |pages=213–215 |oclc=276712924}}</ref>