Editing History of Islam (section)

=== Timurid Renaissance ===
{{Main|Timurid Renaissance}}
 
[[File:Persian Tamerlane Chess Set.png|thumb|[[Tamerlane chess]], invented by Amir [[Timur]]. The pieces approximate the appearance of the chess pieces in 14th century Persia.]]
The [[Timurid Empire]] based in [[Central Asia]] ruled by the [[Timurid dynasty]] saw a tremendous increase in the fields of [[arts]] and [[sciences]], spreading across both the eastern and western world.<ref name="Journal1988">{{cite journal|last=Subtelny|first=Maria Eva|date=November 1988|title=Socioeconomic Bases of Cultural Patronage under the Later Timurids|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-journal-of-middle-east-studies/article/socioeconomic-bases-of-cultural-patronage-under-the-later-timurids/2A0F3018EE155F23FC4A7F5F25D7DE6D|journal=International Journal of Middle East Studies|volume=20|issue=4|pages=479–505|doi=10.1017/S0020743800053861|s2cid=162411014|access-date=7 November 2016}}</ref>

Remarkable was the invention of [[Tamerlane Chess]], reconstruction of the city of [[Samarkand]], and substantial contributions made by the family of Sultan [[Shah Rukh]], which includes [[Gawhar Shad]], polymath [[Ulugh Begh]], and [[Sultan Husayn Bayqara]] in the fields of astronomy, mathematics, and architecture. The empire received widespread support from multiple [[Islamic scholars]] and scientists. A number of Islamic learning centres and mosques were built, most notably the [[Ulugh Beg Observatory]].

The prosperity of the city of [[Herat]] is said to have competed with those of [[Florence]], the birthplace of the [[Italian Renaissance]] as the center of a cultural rebirth.<ref>Periods of World History: A Latin American Perspective – Page 129</ref><ref>The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia – Page 465</ref>

The aspects of the Timurid Renaissance were later brought in [[Mughal India]] by the [[Mughal Emperors]]<ref>Strange Parallels: Volume 2, Mainland Mirrors: Europe, Japan, China, South Asia, and the Islands: Southeast Asia in Global Context, C.800-1830 by Victor Lieberman Page 712</ref><ref>Imperial Identity in the Mughal Empire by Lisa Page 4</ref><ref>Sufism and Society: Arrangements of the Mystical in the Muslim World, 1200–1800 edited by John Curry, Erik Ohlander, Page 141</ref> and served as a heritage of states of the other remaining [[Islamic Gunpowder empires]]: the [[Ottoman Turkey]] and the [[Safavid Iran]].<ref>The Silk Road: A Very Short Introduction by James A. Millward.</ref>