Editing Hazaras (section)

=== Language ===
{{Main|Dari|Hazaragi}}
The Hazaras speak [[Dari]] and [[Hazaragi]], eastern [[Persian dialects|dialects]] of the [[Persian language]].<ref name="Attitudes Towards Hazaragi">{{cite web|url=http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1224&context=theses|title=Attitudes towards Hazaragi|access-date=5 June 2014 |pages=1–2}}</ref><ref name="Kieffer">{{cite encyclopedia |first=Charles M. |last=Kieffer |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Iranica |title=HAZĀRA |trans-title=iv. Hazāragi dialect |url=http://iranicaonline.org/articles/hazara-4 |access-date=22 August 2017}}</ref><ref name="Monsutti-2017">{{Citation |last=Monsutti |first=Alessandro |title=Hazāras |date=1 July 2017 |url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-3/hazaras-COM_30419 |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopaedia of Islam]], THREE |publisher=Brill |language=en |quote=They speak a Persian dialect with many Turkic and a few Mongolian words. |access-date=7 May 2022}}</ref><ref name=":2" />

According to the ''[[Encyclopaedia of Islam]]'', Hazaragi is a dialect of Persian infused with many [[Turkic languages|Turkic]] and some [[Mongolic languages|Mongolic]] words or loanwords.<ref name="Monsutti-2017"/> The ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]'' describes Hazaragi as an eastern variety of Persian containing numerous Mongolic and Turkic words.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/topic/Hazara "Hazara people • Britannica"] In English: ''"The Hazara speak an eastern variety of Persian called Hazaragi with many Mongolic and Turkic words."''</ref> Similarly, ''[[Encyclopaedia Iranica]]'' notes that Hazaras speak a Persian dialect with many Turkic and some Mongolic words.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Foundation |first=Encyclopaedia Iranica |title=HAZĀRA |url=https://iranicaonline.org/articles/hazara-1 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=iranicaonline.org |language=en-US |quote=The Hazāras speak a Persian dialect with many Turkish and some Mongolian words.}}</ref><ref name="Iranica-Afghanistan">{{cite web |work=[[Louis Dupree (professor)|L. Dupree]] |date=15 December 1983 |publisher=Encyclopædia Iranica |title=AFGHANISTAN iv. Ethnography |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/afghanistan-iv-ethnography |edition=Online |location=United States}}</ref><ref>Malistani, A.&nbsp;H. Tariq and Gehring, Roman (compilers) (1993) '' Farhang-i ibtidal-i milli-i Hazarah : bi-inzimam-i tarjamah bih Farsi-i Ingilisi = Hazaragi&nbsp;– Dari/Persian- English: a preliminary glossary'' A.&nbsp;H. Tariq Malistani, Quetta, {{OCLC|33814814}}</ref><ref>Farhadi, A.&nbsp;G. Ravan (1955). ''Le persan parlé en Afghanistan: Grammaire du kâboli accompagnée d'un recuil de quatrains populaires de la région de Kâbol''. Paris.</ref> Other sources describe the Hazara population as speaking Persian with some Mongolic words.<ref name="Atif Adnan" /><ref name="Haber-2012"/> An ''Iranica'' article on the language of Hazaras states that the dialect consists of three linguistic layers: (1) pre-Mongol Persian, with its own substratum; (2) Mongolian; and (3) modern Tajiki, preserving elements of both (1) and (2).<ref name="Kieffer" /> The primary difference between Persian and Hazaragi lies in the accent.<ref name="Kieffer" /> Despite these variations, Hazaragi remains mutually intelligible with Dari,<ref name="Attitudes Towards Hazaragi" /> the [[Languages of Afghanistan|official language of Afghanistan]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Languages in Afghanistan|url=https://swedishcommittee.org/afghanistan/language|access-date=14 February 2021|website=The Swedish Committee for Afghanistan (SCA)}}</ref>

According to Dr. Lutfi Temirkhanov, a Doctor of Sciences, the ancestors of the Hazaras were originally Mongol-speaking.<ref name="Temirkhanov"/><ref name="TemirkhanovLutfi"/> However, following their resettlement, they began to intermingle with Persian- and Turkic-speaking populations. Despite this, no historical documents have been found that refer to "Mongol Hazaras," and no scholar has encountered Mongol-speaking Hazaras to date.<ref name="Mousavi-1998a"/> Temirkhanov explains, "Hordes of Mongol princes and feudal lords found themselves in a Persian-speaking environment; they mixed with them, were influenced by Persian-Tajik culture, and gradually adopted the Persian language."<ref>Temirkhanov L. (1968). [https://www.booksite.ru/etnogr/1968/1968_1.pdf "О некоторых спорных вопросах этнической истории хазарейского народа"]. Советская этнография. 1. P. 93-94. In Russian: ''"орды монгольских царевичей и феодалов оказались в таджикском окружении; они смешивались с таджиками, подвергались влиянию персидско-таджикской культуры и постепенно принимали язык таджиков, отсюда и таджикская речь хазарейцев"''.</ref> However, this claim is highly doubtful and unacceptable, as no firsthand documents or evidence have been found to indicate that Genghis Khan or his commanders ordered their forces to settle in the region now known as Hazarajat.<ref name="Mousavi-1998-35"/> Some sources indicate that in the 16th century, during the time of [[Babur]], some Hazaras still spoke a [[Mongolian language]].<ref name="Массон, Ромодин" /><ref name="Bartold" /><ref name="Iranica" /> According to the ''[[Great Russian Encyclopedia]]'' and other sources, some Hazaras continued to speak Mongolian until the 19th century.<ref name="bigenc" /><ref name="Vámbéry" /><ref name="Petrushevsky" /><ref name="Forensic Science International" /> While historically no one has yet succeeded in finding Mongol-speaking Hazaras, nor has any scholar come across Mongol-speaking Hazaras.<ref name="Mousavi-1998-31"/><ref name="Mousavi-1998a"/> Temirkhanov notes that Mongolic words make up about 10% of the Hazara vocabulary.<ref> Temirkhanov L. (1968). [https://www.booksite.ru/etnogr/1968/1968_1.pdf "О некоторых спорных вопросах этнической истории хазарейского народа"]. Советская этнография. 1. P. 91. In Russian: ''"монгольские элементы составляют 10% хазарейской лексики"''.</ref> Approximately 20 percent of the Hazara vocabulary consists of Turkic and Mongolic words, with Turkic terms making up the majority.<ref>{{Cite book |last=خاوری |first=محمد جواد |title=امثال و حِکم مردم هزاره |publisher=نشر عرفان |location=مشهد |page=16}}</ref><ref name="Monsutti-2017"/>