Editing Guadalajara (section)

== Culture ==
{{Main|Culture of Guadalajara}}

[[File:Teatro degollado.ogg|thumb|The [[Teatro Degollado]], named after its builder, [[Santos Degollado]], was built in 1855.]]

Guadalajara has a lively cultural life. The city exhibits works by international artists and is a must-see for international cultural events whose radius of influence reaches most of the countries of Latin America, including the southwestern United States.

Its historic center houses colonial buildings of a religious and civil character, which stand out for their architectural and historical significance, and constitute a rich mixture of styles whose root is found in indigenous cultural contributions (mainly of incorporated into the Mozarabic and the castilian), and later in modern European influences (mainly French and Italian). The historic center also has museums, theaters, galleries, libraries, auditoriums, and concert halls. Some of these buildings date from the sixteenth and seventeenth century, such as the Cathedral of the Archdiocese of Guadalajara, among others.

The city has several radio stations focused on culture, one of them being Red Radio University of Guadalajara (XHUG-F), which is transmitted to the rest of the state and neighboring states and internationally through the Internet; it is also the first broadcaster via podcast in the country.<ref>http://www.radio.udg.mx/start.htm.title-Radio{{Dead link|date=May 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} https://web.archive.org/web/20070114041609/http://www.radio.udg.mx/start.htm-date-file-14 January 2007</ref> The city produces a fully cultural television channel, XHGJG-TV; Guadalajara is the only city to produce a cultural cutting channel in the country in addition to the Mexico, D.F.A. in Mexico City.{{Citation needed|date=October 2021}}

[[File:Guadalajara (14984520441) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Street in the historic center]]

This city has been the cradle and dwelling of distinguished poets, writers, painters, actors, film directors and representatives of the arts, etc., such as [[José Clemente Orozco]], [[Dr. Atl]], [[Roberto Montenegro]], [[Alejandro Zohn]], [[Luis Barragán]], [[Carlos Orozco Romero]], [[Federico Fabregat]], Raul Anguiano, [[Juan Soriano (artist)|Juan Soriano]], Javier Campos Cabello, Martha Pacheco, [[Alejandro Colunga]], [[José Fors]], Juan Kraeppellin, Davis Birks, Carlos Vargas Pons, Jis, Trino, Erandini, Enrique Oroz, Rubén Méndez, [[Mauricio Toussaint]], [[Scott Neri]], [[Paula Santiago]], Edgar Cobian, L. Felipe Manzano, and (the artist formerly known as Mevna); the freeplay guitarist and music composer for the movies ''El Mariachi'' and ''The Legend of Zorro'', Paco Rentería; important exponents of literature such as [[Juan Rulfo]], Francisco Rojas, [[Agustín Yáñez]], Elías Nandino, [[Idella Purnell]], Jorge Souza, among others; classic repertoire composers such as Gonzalo Curiel, [[José Pablo Moncayo]], Antonio Navarro, [[Ricardo Zohn-Muldoon|Ricardo Zohn]], [[Carlos Sanchez-Gutierrez|Carlos Sánchez-Gutiérrez]] and [[Gabriel Pareyon]]; film directors such as [[Felipe Cazals]], Jaime Humberto Hermosillo, Erik Stahl, [[Guillermo del Toro]]; and actors such as [[Katy Jurado]], Enrique Alvarez Felix, and [[Gael García Bernal]].

Guadalajara was the first Mexican city to be accepted as a member of the [[International Association of Educational Cities]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bcn.cat/edcities/aice/estatiques/espanyol/sec_educating.html|title=Educating Cities|website=www.bcn.cat|access-date=2021-09-12|archive-date=2021-10-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026050623/http://www.bcn.cat/edcities/aice/estatiques/espanyol/sec_educating.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.guadalajara.gob.mx/cdeducadora/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070103110338/http://www.guadalajara.gob.mx/cdeducadora/|url-status=dead|title=International Association of Educational Cities|archivedate=January 3, 2007}}</ref> due to its strong character and identity, potential for economic development through culture.

Guadalajara was designated as the [[World Book Capital]] for 2022 by [[UNESCO]].<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2020-11-04 |title=Guadalajara named World Book Capital 2022 |url=https://en.unesco.org/news/guadalajara-named-world-book-capital-2022 |access-date=2022-04-19 |website=UNESCO |language=en |archive-date=29 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230429094211/https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/guadalajara-named-world-book-capital-2022 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Despite the Guadalajara area historically being an ethnically [[Caxcan]] region, the [[Nahua peoples]] form the majority of Guadalajara's indigenous population.<ref name="e-local.gob.mx">{{cite web|url=http://www.e-local.gob.mx/work/templates/enciclo/jalisco/ |title=Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México |website=E-local.gob.mx |access-date=2012-12-02 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061205022538/http://e-local.gob.mx/work/templates/enciclo/jalisco/ |archive-date=2006-12-05 }}</ref> There are several thousand indigenous language speakers in Guadalajara although the majority of the indigenous population is integrated within the general population and can speak Spanish.<ref name="e-local.gob.mx"/>

=== Museums ===

[[File:Fachada del Museo Regional de Guadalajara, Jal., Méx. 01 (cropped).JPG|thumb|Guadalajara Regional Museum]]

The museums in Guadalajara are an extension of the cultural infrastructure of this city. Many of them stand out for their architectural and historical significance. There are more than 189 forums of art exhibition among cultural centers, museums, private galleries, and cultural spaces of the town hall, several of them with centuries of existence and some others in the process of being built. The museums in Guadalajara belong to the cultural framework of the city, among which are in all its genres exhibiting history, paleontology, archeology, ethnography, paintings, crafts, plastic, photography, sculpture, works of circuits international art, etc.

Guadalajara has twenty two museums, which include the Regional Museum of Jalisco, the Wax Museum, the Trompo Mágico children's museum and the Museum of Anthropology.<ref name="museos">{{cite web |url= http://visita.jalisco.gob.mx/espanol/productos-turisticos/museos-galerias.html |title= Museos |publisher=Government of Jalisco |location=Jalisco, Mexico |language=es |trans-title=Museums |access-date=January 27, 2010 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080429203418/http://visita.jalisco.gob.mx/espanol/productos-turisticos/museos-galerias.html |archive-date = April 29, 2008}}</ref> The [[Former Hospice Cabañas]] in the historic center is a [[World Heritage Site]].<ref name="WHS">{{cite web |url= http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/815 |title= Hospicio Cabañas, Guadalajara |publisher= United Nations |access-date= January 27, 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120405042519/http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/815 |archive-date= April 5, 2012 |url-status= live }}</ref> For these attributes and others, the city was named an [[American Capital of Culture]] in 2005.<ref name="capital">{{cite web |url=http://www.cac-acc.org/capitales.php?pageNum_rs_capital=2&totalRows_rs_capital=10 |title=Las Capitales Americanas de la Cultura |language=es |trans-title=The American Capitals of Culture |access-date=January 27, 2010 |archive-date=22 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722140327/http://www.cac-acc.org/capitales.php?pageNum_rs_capital=2&totalRows_rs_capital=10 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Guadalajara and the surrounding metropolitan area have numerous public, private, and digital libraries for the search and consultation of information. The promotion of culture and the enrichment of reading have made it easier for the citizen to require several facilities in the city. Some of the libraries also have a physical enclosure—among them the historic Octavio Paz Ibero-American Library of the University of Guadalajara and the Public Library of the State of Jalisco located in the adjoining city of [[Zapopan]]—with options for querying digital information over the Internet.

The Jalisco Regional Museum (formerly the seminary of San José) was built at the beginning of the 18th century to be the Seminario Conciliar de San José. From 1861 to 1914, it housed a school called Liceo de Varones. In 1918, it became the Museum of Fine Arts. In 1976, it was completely remodeled for its present use. The museum displays its permanent collection in 16 halls, 15 of which are dedicated to Paleontology, Pre-History, and Archeology. One of the prized exhibits is a complete mammoth skeleton. The other two halls are dedicated to painting and history. The painting collection includes works by Juan Correa, Cristóbal de Villalpando and José de Ibarra.<ref name="encmuc"/><ref name="finsemana"/>

=== Architecture ===

The style of architecture prevalent in Europe during the founding of Guadalajara is paralleled in the city's colonial buildings. The Metropolitan Cathedral and Teatro Degollado are the purest examples of neoclassical architecture. The historical center hosts religious and civil colonial buildings, which are noted for their architectural and historical significance and are a rich mix of styles that are rooted in indigenous cultural contributions (mainly from Ute origin), incorporated in the Mozarabic and castizo, and later in modern European influences (mainly French and Italian) and American (specifically, from the United States).

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Guadalajara's historical center has an assortment of museums, theaters, galleries, libraries, auditoriums and concert halls, particular mention may be made to Former Hospice Cabañas (which dates from the 18th century), the [[Teatro Degollado]] (considered the oldest opera house in Mexico), the [[Teatro Galerías]] and the [[Teatro Diana]]. The [[Former Hocpice Cabañas]], which is home to some of the paintings (murals and easel) by [[José Clemente Orozco]], was declared a [[World Heritage Site]] by [[UNESCO]] in 1997. Among the many structures of beauty is the International Headquarters Temple of {{lang|es|La Luz del Mundo|italic=no}} in Colonia Hermosa Provincia, which is the largest in Latin America.

During the Porfiriato the French style invaded the city because of the passion of former president [[Porfirio Díaz]] in the trends of French style, also Italian architects were responsible for shaping the [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] structures that were built in the city. The passage of time reflected different trends from the [[baroque]] to [[churrigueresque]], Gothic and [[neoclassical architecture|neoclassical]] pure.
[[File:Rising to the blue sky III..JPG|thumb|270x270px|San Felipe de Neri Church]]
The French-inspired "Lafayette" neighborhood has many fine examples of early 20th-century residences that were later converted into boutiques and restaurants.

Even the architectural lines typical of the decades of the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s the Art Deco and bold lines of postmodern architects of the time. Architectural styles found in the city include [[Baroque architecture|Baroque]], Viceregal, [[Neoclassical architecture|Neoclassical]], [[Modern architecture|Modern]], [[Eclecticism in architecture|Eclectic]], [[Art Deco]] and [[Gothic Revival architecture|Neo-Gothic]].

The modern architecture of Guadalajara has numerous figures of different architectural production from the neo-regionalism to the primitiveness of the 1960s, and the brutalism of the 1970s. Some of these architects are: {{interlanguage link|Rafael Urzúa|es}}, [[Luis Barragán]], [[Ignacio Díaz Morales]], [[Pedro Castellanos]], {{interlanguage link|Erich Coufal Kieswetter|es}}, [[Julio de la Peña]], [[Eduardo Ibáñez Valencia]], [[Félix Aceves Ortega]].

=== Festivals ===
[[File:Guadalajara Filmfestival.png|left|thumb|The [[Guadalajara International Film Festival]], founded in 1986, is the most important film festival in [[Latin America]].]]
Guadalajara is also known for several large cultural festivals. The [[Guadalajara International Film Festival|International Film Festival of Guadalajara]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.guadalajaracinemafest.com/english/index.php|title=22nd Guadalajara International Film Festival|website=Guadalajaracinemafest.com|access-date=2010-06-07|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100921234632/http://www.guadalajaracinemafest.com/english/index.php|archive-date=2010-09-21}}</ref> is a yearly event which happens in March. It mostly focuses on Mexican and Latin American films; however, films from all over the world are shown. The event is sponsored by the Universidad de Guadalajara, [[CONACULTA]], the Instituto Mexicano de Cinematographía as well as the governments of the cities of Guadalajara and Zapopan. The 2009 festival had over 200 films shown in more than 16 theaters and open-air forums, such as the inflatable screens set up in places such as Chapultepec, La Rambla Cataluña, and La Minerva. In that year, the event gave out awards totaling US$500,000. The event attracts names such as Mexican director [[Guillermo del Toro]], Greek director [[Constantin Costa-Gavras]], Spanish actor [[Antonio Banderas]] and U.S. actor [[Edward James Olmos]].<ref name="mgonzalez">{{cite news|title=Exhibirán 220 películas en 9 días; 12 mexicanas |first=Mariño |last=González |url=http://impreso.milenio.com/node/7034649 |newspaper=Milenio |location=Mexico City |date=2008-11-16 |access-date=January 27, 2010 |language=es |trans-title=Will exhibit 220 films in 9 days; 12 Mexican |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724145754/http://impreso.milenio.com/node/7034649 |archive-date=July 24, 2011 }}</ref>

[[File:Rio 2007 closing ceremony 3.jpg|thumb|The handover presentation during the [[2007 Pan American Games]] closing ceremony for the [[2011 Pan American Games]] in Guadalajara]]
The [[Guadalajara International Book Fair]] is the largest Spanish-language book fair in the world, held each year over nine days at the Expo Guadalajara.<ref name="sicgob">{{cite web |url=http://www.sic.gob.mx/ficha.php?table=feria_libro&table_id=15 |title=Feria Internacional del Libro de Guadalajara (FIL) |publisher=CONACULTA |location=Mexico |language=es |access-date=January 27, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101201035755/http://sic.gob.mx/ficha.php?table=feria_libro&table_id=15 |archive-date=December 1, 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="iiiepe">{{cite web |url= http://monitor.iiiepe.edu.mx/node/844 |title=Feria Internacional del Libro de Guadalajara 2009 |publisher=Monitor Educativo Instituto de Investigación Innovación y Estudios de Posgrado para la Educación |location=Mexico |language=es |access-date=January 27, 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110722224624/http://monitor.iiiepe.edu.mx/node/844 |archive-date=July 22, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref> Over 300 publishing firms from 35 countries regularly attend, demonstrating the most recent productions in books, videos and new communications technologies. The event awards prizes such as the Premio FIL for literature, the Premio de Literatura [[Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz]], also for literature, and the Reconocimento al Mérito Editorial for publishing houses. There is an extensive exposition of books and other materials in Spanish, Portuguese and English, covering academia, culture, the arts and more for sale. More than 350,000 people attend from Mexico and abroad.<ref name="sicgob"/> In 2009, Nobel prize winner [[Orhan Pamuk]], German children's author [[Cornelia Funke]] and Peruvian writer [[Mario Vargas Llosa]] participated with about 500 other authors present.<ref name="imergob">{{cite web |url= http://imer.gob.mx/programas/laferia/2009/10/27/feria-internacional-del-libro-de-guadalajara/ |title=Feria Internacional del Libro de Guadalajara |date=2009-10-27 |publisher=Instituto Mexicano de la Radio |location=Mexico |language=es |access-date=January 27, 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20101227062222/http://imer.gob.mx/programas/laferia/2009/10/27/feria-internacional-del-libro-de-guadalajara/ |archive-date=December 27, 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref> Activities include book presentations, academic talks, forums, and events for children.<ref name="iiiepe"/>
[[File:Stand en FIL.jpg|left|thumb|The [[Guadalajara International Book Fair]] is the largest [[Spanish language|Spanish-language]] fair in the world, as well as the largest book fair in the Americas.]]
The Danza de los Tastoanes is an event hosted annually on July 25 at the Municipal President's building, where the folklore dancers perform one of the oldest traditional dances and combat battle performance to honor the combats against the Spanish.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://vive.guadalajara.gob.mx/es/historia-y-tradiciones/fiestas-y-tradiciones?p=659 |title=Fiestas y Tradiciones |website=vive.guadalajara.gob.mx|access-date=2016-11-14|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161114173249/http://vive.guadalajara.gob.mx/es/historia-y-tradiciones/fiestas-y-tradiciones?p=659|archive-date=2016-11-14|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The Festival Cultural de Mayo (May Cultural Festival) began in 1988. In 2009, the event celebrated the 400th anniversary of relations between Mexico and Japan, with many performances and exhibitions relation to Japanese culture. The 2009 festival featured 358 artists in 118 activities. Each year a different country is "invited." Past guests have been Germany (2008), Mexico (2007), Spain (2006) and Austria (2005). France is the 2013 guest.<ref name="mayo">{{cite web|url= http://www.festivaldemayo.org/fcmj2009/bienvenida.htm|title= Festival Cultural de Mayo|publisher= Municipality of Guadalajara|location= Guadalajara, Mexico|language= es|access-date= January 27, 2010|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100322232759/http://www.festivaldemayo.org/fcmj2009/bienvenida.htm|archive-date= March 22, 2010|url-status= live}}</ref>

The Expo Ganadera is an event hosted annually in the month of October where people from all over the country attend to display the best examples of the breed and their quality that is produced in Jalisco. The event also works to promote technological advances in agriculture. The event also has separate sections for the authentic Mexican cuisine, exhibitions of livestock, charreria, and other competitions that display the Jalisco traditions.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ugrj.org.mx/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=144&Itemid=238|title=Unión Ganadera Regional de Jalisco – Expo Ganadera – Quienes somos|website=Ugrj.org.mx|access-date=2016-11-14|archive-date=13 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190913004126/http://www.ugrj.org.mx/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=144&Itemid=238|url-status=live}}</ref>
{{clearleft}}
Notable festivals include:
[[File:JALISCO.jpg|thumb|''[[Árbol adentro]]'' by José Fors]]

* [[May Cultural Festival]]
* [[Guadalajara International Book Fair]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2009-dec-07-la-et-guadalajara7-2009dec07-story.html|title=L.A. shines at Mexican book fair|date=December 7, 2009|website=Los Angeles Times|access-date=21 January 2022|archive-date=21 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121222454/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2009-dec-07-la-et-guadalajara7-2009dec07-story.html|url-status=live}}</ref> this fair is held every year, thanks to the auspices of the University of Guadalajara, during the last week of November. It includes a large exhibition of consolidated, independent, university, national, international publishers; books and lectures are presented; it has a special area for children and young people; it is very significant for showing during the ten days of the fair to a guest country (or region, or community), to which a pavilion is dedicated to exposing the most representative of its culture. In the FIL, as it is popularly known, several awards are awarded, the most representative is the [[Juan Rulfo Award' Latin American and Caribbean Literature Award]] (formerly known as "Juan Rulfo", in honor of this author jalisciense).
* The festivities of October: These are the traditional festivals of Guadalajara, have been held since 1965 being the first headquarters the Agua Azul Park and years later it would change headquarters to the Benito Juárez auditorium that is where this celebration is currently held. Its main attractions are the mechanical games, the palenque and the auditorium where various artists, especially Mexican music are performed every night during this celebration of the October festivities.
* The Feast of the Dolls (Guadalajara International Puppet Festival).
* The International Meeting of Mariachi and Charrería. As its name says, various mariachis from different parts of the world gather. As well as the charros that come from various parts to demonstrate the national sport of Mexico. It starts with a parade and over the days events are held in various scenarios throughout the city. It is held between the months of August and September.
* Expo Ganadera.Es the largest and most important of its kind in the country. It is usually performed during the month of October.
* The Guadalajara International Film Festival (known as Guadalajara Film Fest). With more than twenty years of experience, FICG is the most important event in Mexico in terms of film, which includes an exhibition of films, an encounter with filmmakers and actors (talent campus), and the contest of realizations that are awarded in several categories: Ibero-American and Mexican short film, Mexican and Latin American documentary, a fictional feature film, among which the "Mayahuel" in which a trajectory is awarded.
* The International Festival of Contemporary Dance "Onésimo González." It was organized since 1999 organized by the Ministry of Culture of the Government of the State of Jalisco and the National Dance Coordination of INBA. Having in this choreographic examples of the most outstanding dance groups of the state of Jalisco, with some guest, national and international companies; promoting cultural exchange within Guadalajara, while offering open master classes to the public to enrich the dance language in this state. Performing every October at the Art and Culture Forum of this city.
* Expo-International Friendship Fair. This city has been the cradle and shelter of distinguished [poet], writers, painters, actors, filmmakers and representatives of art internationally. One work that accounts for the richness of the poets of this city is the book [[Major Poetry in Guadalajara (Poetic Annotations and Criticisms)]].

=== Landmarks ===

The historic downtown of Guadalajara is the oldest section of the city, where it was founded and where the oldest buildings are. It centers on Paseo Morelos/Paseo Hospicio from the [[Plaza de Armas (Guadalajara)|Plaza de Armas]], where the seats of ecclesiastical and secular power are, east toward the [[Plaza de los Mariachis]] and the Former Hospice Cabañas. The Plaza de Armas is a rectangular plaza with gardens, ironwork benches and an ironwork [[kiosk]] which was made in Paris in the 19th century.<ref name="encmuc"/><ref name="finsemana">{{cite web |url=http://www.mexicodesconocido.com.mx/interior/index.php?p=nota&idNota=2418 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130219040352/http://www.mexicodesconocido.com.mx/interior/index.php?p=nota&idNota=2418 |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 19, 2013 |title=Fin de semana en Guadalajara (Jalisco) |publisher=Mexico Desconocido magazine |location=Mexico City |language=es |access-date=January 23, 2010 }}</ref>
<gallery mode="packed" caption="Landmarks and monuments of Guadalajara">
File:Instituto Cabañas 2.jpg|[[Hospicio Cabañas]], built in 1805-1845 by [[Manuel Tolsá]], José Gutiérrez, Pedro José Ciprés.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/815/|title=Hospicio Cabañas, Guadalajara|website=UNESCO World Heritage Site website|access-date=3 April 2023|archive-date=3 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230403023109/https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/815/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kk4ZBQAAQBAJ&dq=hospicio+caba%C3%B1as&pg=PA56|title=Guadalajara, Puerto Vallarta y Jalisco (México). Guía de Viaje del Estado de Jalisco|page=56|author=Víctor Manuel Jiménez González|date=2014|publisher=Solaris|access-date=4 April 2023|archive-date=17 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230517140741/https://books.google.com/books?id=kk4ZBQAAQBAJ&dq=hospicio+caba%C3%B1as&pg=PA56|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://museocabanas.jalisco.gob.mx/es/historia/|title=Historia|website=Hospicio Cabañas official website|access-date=3 April 2023|archive-date=3 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230403023114/https://museocabanas.jalisco.gob.mx/es/historia/|url-status=live}}</ref>
File:Palacio de Gobierno de Jalisco.JPG|Palacio del Gobierno
File:Catedral Guadalajra IMG 20211017 194154.jpg|[[Guadalajara Cathedral]], built between 1561-1618 (spires and dome were rebuilt between 1851-1854) by [[Martín Casillas]], José Gutiérrez, Manuel Gómez Ibarra.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mexicodesconocido.com.mx/catedral-de-guadalajara-jalisco.html|title=Catedral de Guadalajara, Jalisco|website=mexicodesconocido.com.mx|date=4 June 2021|access-date=3 April 2023|archive-date=3 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230403023118/https://www.mexicodesconocido.com.mx/catedral-de-guadalajara-jalisco.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SafrCQAAQBAJ&dq=catedral+guadalajara+mexico&pg=PT92|title=Una Buena Visión De Nueva España|author=Víctor Manuel Basauri Ramírez|date=2015|publisher=Palibrio|isbn=9781463399689|access-date=4 April 2023|archive-date=17 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230517140740/https://books.google.com/books?id=SafrCQAAQBAJ&dq=catedral+guadalajara+mexico&pg=PT92|url-status=live}}</ref>
File:Una de las entradas del Palacio Legislativo de Guadalajara, Jalisco 02.JPG|Palacio Legislativo
File:Escudo de Guadalajara.jpg|Guadalajara Monument
File:04990 templo de nuestra señora del pilar.jpg|Señora del Pilar Church
File:Palacio de Velasco (Guadalajara, México).jpg|{{ill|Palacio de Velasco|es|Palacio de Velasco (Guadalajara)|vertical-align=sup}}
File:Rotonda de los Jalisciences Ilustres (cropped).jpg|Rotonda de los Hombres Ilustres
File:Guadalajara, Jalisco, México 18.0 (cropped).jpg|Guadalajara City Hall
File:Fachada templo expiatorio GDL.jpg|[[Templo Expiatorio del Santísimo Sacramento|Templo Expiatorio]]
File:Palacio de Justicia - Exterior.jpg|Palacio de Justicia
File:Santuario de Guadalupe - GDL JAL.jpg|{{ill|Sanctuary of Our Lady of Guadalupe|es|Santuario de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe (Guadalajara, Jalisco)|vertical-align=sup}}, built in 1777-1781 by [[Antonio Alcalde Barriga|Antonio Alcalde y Barriga]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://zonaguadalajara.com/parroquia-del-santuario-de-nuestra-senora-de-guadalupe/|title=Parroquia del Santuario de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe|website=zonaguadalajara.com|date=October 2013|access-date=3 April 2023|archive-date=3 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230403182103/https://zonaguadalajara.com/parroquia-del-santuario-de-nuestra-senora-de-guadalupe/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oZotEAAAQBAJ&dq=santuario+de+guadalupe+guadalajara&pg=PA70|title=Raíces Culturales|page=70|date=2015|author=Hector Martínez Ruiz|publisher=Grupo Editorial Patria|isbn=9786075506760|access-date=4 April 2023|archive-date=17 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230517140742/https://books.google.com/books?id=oZotEAAAQBAJ&dq=santuario+de+guadalupe+guadalajara&pg=PA70|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZwunDwAAQBAJ&dq=santuario+de+guadalupe+guadalajara&pg=PT33|title=Oblatos-Colonias. Andanzas tapatías|date=2017|author=Juan José Doñán|publisher=Arlequín|isbn=9786078338023|access-date=4 April 2023|archive-date=17 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230517140744/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZwunDwAAQBAJ&dq=santuario+de+guadalupe+guadalajara&pg=PT33|url-status=live}}</ref>
File:00287 templo de san agustín 2.jpg|[[Templo de San Agustín|San Agustín Convent Church]] built in 1620-1674 by Pedro del Toro for the [[Augustinians]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://arquidiocesisgdl.org/arte_sacro.php?id=23|title=San Agustín (4)|website=Archdiocese of Guadalajara website|access-date=3 April 2023|archive-date=3 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230403025214/https://arquidiocesisgdl.org/arte_sacro.php?id=23|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ITUHhcYBkKUC&dq=san+agustin+guadalajara+mexico&pg=PA25|title=La cuadrícula en el desarrollo de la ciudad hispanoamericana, Guadalajara, México|page=25|date=2001|author=Eduardo López Moreno R.|publisher=Universidad de Guadalajara, Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Occidente|isbn=9789702701040|access-date=4 April 2023|archive-date=25 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925165243/https://books.google.com/books?id=ITUHhcYBkKUC&dq=san+agustin+guadalajara+mexico&pg=PA25|url-status=live}}</ref>
File:Templo de Santa María de Gracia-1.jpg|[[Templo de Santa María de Gracia|Church of Monastery of Santa María de Gracia]] built in 1661-1736 by the [[Dominican Order]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://programadestinosmexico.com/que-ver/arquitectura-colonial/templo-de-santa-maria-de-gracia-guadalajara.html|title=Templo de Santa María de Gracia|website=programadestinosmexico.com|access-date=3 April 2023|archive-date=3 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230403174120/https://programadestinosmexico.com/que-ver/arquitectura-colonial/templo-de-santa-maria-de-gracia-guadalajara.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qW_XOPh6HcAC&dq=santa+mar%C3%ADa+de+gracia+guadalajara&pg=PA393|title=Los Dominicos y el Nuevo Mundo, siglos XIX-XX - actas del Vo Congreso Internacional, Querétaro, Qro., México, 4-8 septiembre 1995|page=391|date=1997|author=José Barrado Barquilla|publisher=Editorial San Esteban|isbn=9788482600260|access-date=4 April 2023|archive-date=17 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230517140740/https://books.google.com/books?id=qW_XOPh6HcAC&dq=santa+mar%C3%ADa+de+gracia+guadalajara&pg=PA393|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OkWPvT97HIgC&dq=santa+mar%C3%ADa+de+gracia+guadalajara&pg=PA154|title=Testimonios de Guadalajara|page=154|date=1993|author=José Cornejo Franco|publisher=Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México|isbn=9789683626714|access-date=4 April 2023|archive-date=17 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230517140741/https://books.google.com/books?id=OkWPvT97HIgC&dq=santa+mar%C3%ADa+de+gracia+guadalajara&pg=PA154|url-status=live}}</ref>
File:Templo de Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes-5.jpg|[[Church of Nuestra Señora de la Merced, Guadalajara|Church of Nuestra Señora de la Merced]], built in 1650-1721 by Francisco de Pineda for the [[Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mercy]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://programadestinosmexico.com/que-ver/arquitectura-colonial/templo-de-la-merced-nuestra-senora-de-las-mercedes-guadalajara.html|title=Templo de Nuestra Señora de la Merced|website=programadestinosmexico.com|access-date=3 April 2023|archive-date=3 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230403183645/https://programadestinosmexico.com/que-ver/arquitectura-colonial/templo-de-la-merced-nuestra-senora-de-las-mercedes-guadalajara.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kk4ZBQAAQBAJ&dq=nuestra+merced+guadalajara+mexico&pg=PA57|title=Guadalajara, Puerto Vallarta y Jalisco (México). Guía de Viaje del Estado de Jalisco|page=57|date=2014|author=Victor Manuel Jiménez González|publisher=Solaris Comunicación|access-date=4 April 2023|archive-date=17 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230517140740/https://books.google.com/books?id=kk4ZBQAAQBAJ&dq=nuestra+merced+guadalajara+mexico&pg=PA57|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OkWPvT97HIgC&dq=santa+mar%C3%ADa+de+gracia+guadalajara&pg=PA154|title=Testimonios de Guadalajara|page=154|date=1993|author=José Cornejo Franco|publisher=Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México|isbn=9789683626714|access-date=4 April 2023|archive-date=17 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230517140741/https://books.google.com/books?id=OkWPvT97HIgC&dq=santa+mar%C3%ADa+de+gracia+guadalajara&pg=PA154|url-status=live}}</ref>
</gallery>

Within Guadalajara's historic downtown, there are many squares and public parks: [[Morelos Park]], [[Mariachis Square]], [[Founders Square]], [[Tapatía Square]], Agave Square, [[Revolution Park|Parque Revolucion]], Sanctuary Garden, Arms Square, [[Plaza de la Liberación]], [[Guadalajara Square]] and the [[Jalisco Famous People Roundabout]], the last four of which surround the cathedral to form a [[Latin Cross]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tequilachef.com |title=Photo Gallery |website=Tequilachef.com |access-date=2010-06-07 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100611043308/http://www.tequilachef.com/ |archive-date=2010-06-11 }}</ref>

Construction began on the [[Guadalajara Cathedral|Metropolitan Cathedral]] in 1558 and the church was consecrated in 1616. Its two towers were built in the 19th century after an earthquake destroyed the originals. They are considered one of the city's symbols. The architecture is a mix of [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]], [[Baroque architecture|Baroque]], [[Moorish architecture|Moorish]] and [[Neoclassical architecture|Neoclassical]]. The interior has three naves and eleven side altars, covered by a roof supported by 30 Doric columns.<ref name="finsemana"/>

[[File:Templo de San José de Gracia-1.jpg|thumb|upright|San José de Gracia Church, built in 1899]]
The Jalisco Famous People Roundabout (Rotonda de los Hombres Ilustres) is a monument made of quarried stone, built in 1952 to honor the memory of distinguished people from Jalisco. A circular structure of 17 columns surrounds 98 urns containing the remains of those honored. Across the street is the municipal palace which was built in 1952. It has four façades of quarried stone. It is mostly of Neoclassical design with elements such as courtyards, entrances, and columns that imitate the older structures of the city.<ref name="encmuc"/><ref name="finsemana"/>

The Palace of the State Government is in Churrigueresque and Neoclassical styles and was begun in the 17th century and finished in 1774. The interior was completely remodeled after an explosion in 1859. This building contains murals by José Clemente Orozco, a native of Jalisco, including "Lucha Social", "Circo Político", "Las Fuerzas Ocultas", and "Hidalgo", which depicts Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla with his arm raised above his head in anger at the government and the church.<ref name="finsemana"/>

The cathedral is bordered to the east by the [[Plaza de la Liberación]] (Freedom Square), nicknamed the Two Cups Square (Plaza de las Dos Copas), referring to the two fountains on the east and west sides. Facing this square is the [[Degollado Theater]] (Teatro Degollado). It was built in the mid-nineteenth century in Neoclassical design. The main portal has a [[pediment]] with a scene in relief called "Apollo and the Muses" sculpted in marble by Benito Castañeda. The interior vaulted ceiling is painted with a fresco by Jacobo Gálvez and Gerardo Suárez which depicts a scene from the ''[[Divine Comedy]]''. Behind the theater is another square with a fountain called the Founders Fountain (Fuente de los Fundadores). The square is in the exact spot where the city was founded and contains a sculpture depicting [[Cristóbal de Oñate]] at the event.<ref name="encmuc"/>

Between the Cathedral and the Hospice is the large [[Plaza Tapatía]], which covers {{Convert|70,000|m2|ft2|abbr=on|sp=us}}. Its centerpiece is ''[[Inmolación de Quetzalcóatl]]''.<ref name="encmuc"/> Southeast of this square is the Mercado Libertad, also called the Mercado de San Juan de Dios, one of the largest traditional markets in Mexico. The Temple of San Juan de Dios, a Baroque church built in the 17th century, is next to the market.<ref name="finsemana"/>

[[File:Don José María Morelos (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright|[[Equestrian statue of José María Morelos]]]]
At the far east end is the [[Plaza de los Mariachis]] and the Former Hospice Cabañas. The Plaza de los Mariachis is faced by restaurants where one can hear live mariachis play, especially at night. The Cabañs Former Hospice extends along the entire east side of the Plaza. This building was constructed by Manuel Tolsá beginning in 1805 under orders of Carlos III. It was inaugurated and began its function as an orphanage in 1810, in spite of the fact that it would not be finished until 1845. It was named after Bishop Ruiz de Cabañas y Crespo. The façade is Neoclassical and its main entrance is topped by a triangular pediment. Today, it is the home of the Instituto Cultural Cabañas (Cabañas Cultural Institute) and its main attraction is the murals by José Clemente Orozco, which cover the main entrance hall. Among these murals is "Hombre del Fuego" (Man of Fire), considered to be one of Orozco's finest works.<ref name="encmuc"/><ref name="finsemana"/>

Off this east–west axis are other significant constructions. The Legislative Place is Neoclassical and was originally built in the 18th century. It was reconstructed in 1982. The Palace of Justice was finished in 1897. The Old University Building was a [[Jesuit]] college named Santo Tomás de Aquino. It was founded in 1591. It became the second Mexican University in 1792. Its main portal is of yellow stone. The Casa de los Perros (House of the Dogs) was constructed in 1896 in Neoclassical design.<ref name="encmuc"/> On Avenida Juarez is the Sanctuary of Nuestra Señora del Carmen which was founded between 1687 and 1690 and remodeled completely in 1830. It retains its original coat of arms of the Carmelite Order as well as sculptures of the prophets [[Elijah]] and [[Elisha]]. Adjoining it is what is left of the [[Carmelite]] monastery, which was one of the richest in New Spain.<ref name="finsemana"/>

=== Music ===

[[File:Arena Guadalajara 4.jpg|thumb|left|Guadalajara Arena (Project)]]
[[Mariachi]] music is strongly associated with Guadalajara both in Mexico and abroad even though the musical style originated in the nearby town of [[Cocula, Jalisco]]. The connection between the city and mariachi began in 1907 when an eight-piece mariachi band and four dancers from the city performed on stage at the president's residence for both [[Porfirio Díaz]] and the Secretary of State of the United States. This made the music a symbol of west Mexico, and after the migration of many people from the Guadalajara area to Mexico City (mostly settling near Plaza Garibaldi), it then became a symbol of Mexican identity as well.<ref name="tturino">{{cite journal |last=Turino |first=Thomas |date=Fall 2003 |title= Nationalism and Latin American music: Selected case studies and theoretical considerations |journal=Revista de Música Latinoamericana |volume=24 |issue=2 |page=169 |location=Austin, Texas}}</ref>

Guadalajara hosts the Festival of Mariachi and [[Charreada|Charreria]], which began in 1994. It attracts people in the fields of art, culture and politics from Mexico and abroad. Regularly the best mariachis in Mexico participate, such as [[Mariachi Vargas]], [[Mariachi de América]] and [[Mariachi los Camperos de Nati Cano]]. Mariachi bands from all over the world participate, coming from countries such as [[Venezuela]], [[Cuba]], Belgium, [[Chile]], France, Australia, [[Slovak Republic]], Canada and the United States.
[[File:ParianTlaque 05.JPG|thumb|Mariachi band in [[Tlaquepaque]].]]
The events of this festival take place in venues all over the metropolitan area,<ref name="marchar">{{cite web|url= http://www.mariachi-jalisco.com.mx/nosotros |title=16th Encuentro Nacional del Mariachi y la Charrería Historia |language=es |trans-title=16th National Encounter of Mariachi and Charreada – History |access-date=January 27, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090711152846/http://www.mariachi-jalisco.com.mx/nosotros |archive-date=July 11, 2009 }}</ref><ref name="vibrar">{{cite web|url= http://www.terra.com.mx/articulo.aspx?articuloId=728493 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120121180447/http://www.terra.com.mx/articulo.aspx?articuloId=728493 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-01-21 |title=Mariachi hace vibrar a Guadalajara |date=2008-09-02 |language=es |trans-title=Marachi makes Guadalajara vibrate |access-date=January 27, 2010 }}</ref> and include a parade with floats.<ref name="vibrar"/> In August 2009, 542 mariachi musicians played together for a little over ten minutes to break the world record for largest mariachi group. The musicians played various songs ending with two classic Mexican songs "[[Cielito Lindo]]" and "[[Guadalajara (song)|Guadalajara]]." The feat was performed during the XVI Encuentro Internacional del Mariachi y la Charreria. The prior record was 520 musicians in 2007 in [[San Antonio, Texas]].<ref name="records">{{cite news |title=México suma a récords otro por mariachis |url= http://www.cnnexpansion.com/estilo/2009/08/31/mexico-anade-el-record-del-mega-mariachi |newspaper=CNN Expansion |date=2009-08-31 |access-date=January 27, 2010 |language=es |trans-title=Mexico adds another record for mariachis |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090903124528/http://www.cnnexpansion.com/estilo/2009/08/31/mexico-anade-el-record-del-mega-mariachi |archive-date=September 3, 2009 |url-status=usurped }}</ref>

In the historic center of the city is the Plaza de los Mariachis, named such as many groups play here. The plaza was renovated for the [[2011 Pan American Games]] in anticipation of the crowds visiting. Over 750 mariachi musicians play traditional melodies on the plaza, and along with the restaurants and other businesses, the plaza supports more than 830 families.<ref name="plazarehab">{{cite news |title=Rehabilitación de Plaza de los Mariachis, a cargo de particular |author=Informador Redacción |url= http://www.informador.com.mx/jalisco/2009/82537/6/rehabilitacion-de-plaza-de-los-mariachis-a-cargo-de-particular.htm |newspaper=El Informador |location=Guadalajara, Mexico |date=2009-02-28 |access-date=January 27, 2010 |language=es |trans-title=Rehabilitation of the Plaza de los Mariachis in private hands |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20091027045634/http://www.informador.com.mx/jalisco/2009/82537/6/rehabilitacion-de-plaza-de-los-mariachis-a-cargo-de-particular.htm |archive-date=October 27, 2009 |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[File:Orquesta Filarmonica de Jalisco.jpg|thumb|left|[[Orquesta Filarmónica de Jalisco|Jalisco Philharmonic Orchestra]]]]
A recent innovation has been the fusion of mariachi melodies and instruments with rock and roll performed by rock musicians in the Guadalajara area. An album collecting a number of these melodies was produced called "Mariachi Rock-O." There are plans to take these bands on tour in Mexico, the United States and Europe.<ref name="rocko">{{cite news |title= "Mariachi Rock-O", un nuevo sonido de Jalisco |url= http://www.milenio.com/node/273673 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20090830172843/http://www.milenio.com/node/273673 |url-status= dead |archive-date= 2009-08-30 |newspaper= El Informador |location= Guadalajara, Mexico |date= 2009-08-25 |access-date= January 27, 2010 |language= es |trans-title= Mariachi Rock-O, a new sound from Jalisco }}</ref>

The city is also host to several dance and ballet companies such as the Chamber Ballet of Jalisco, the Folkloric Ballet of the University of Guadalajara, and the University of Guadalajara Contemporary Ballet.

The city is home to a renowned symphony orchestra. The Orquesta Filarmónica de Jalisco ([[Orquesta Filarmónica de Jalisco|Jalisco Philharmonic Orchestra]]) was founded by José Rolón in 1915. It held concerts from that time until 1924, when state funding was lost. However, the musicians kept playing to keep the orchestra alive. This eventually caught the attention of authorities and funding was restated in 1939. Private funding started in the 1940s and in 1950, an organization called Conciertos Guadalajara A. C. was formed to continue fundraising for the orchestra. In 1971, the orchestra became affiliated with the Department of Fine Arts of the State of Jalisco. The current name was adopted in 1988/ International soloists such as Paul Badura-Skoda, Claudio Arrau, Jörg Demus, Henryck Szeryng, Nicanor Zabaleta, Plácido Domingo, Kurt Rydl and Alfred Brendel have performed with the organization. Today the orchestra is under the direction of Marco Parisotto.<ref name="orchestra">{{cite web|url= http://www.ofj.com.mx/orquesta.htm |title=Orquesta Filarmónica de Jalisco |publisher=Orquesta Filarmónica de Jalisco |location=Guadalajara, Mexico |language=es |trans-title=Philharmonic Orchestra de Jalisco |access-date=January 27, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100106035704/http://www.ofj.com.mx/orquesta.htm |archive-date=January 6, 2010 }}</ref>

=== Cuisine ===

[[File:Gdl Cafe Vallarta.JPG|thumb|right|Cafe on Avenida Vallarta]]
As in the rest of Mexico, food in Guadalajara is a mix of pre-Hispanic and Spanish influences. Typical Mexican dishes, such as [[pozole]], [[tamal]]es, [[Sope (food)|sope]]s, [[enchilada]]s, [[taco]]s, [[menudo (soup)]], [[carne en su jugo]] and [[frijoles charros]] are popular.

One dish specific to Guadalajara is the "[[torta ahogada]]." It consists of a salted bun or roll (typically birote) smeared with refried beans, with fried pork cut into pieces — also known as "carnitas" — all in tomato sauce seasoned with spices. It is eaten with onions reduced in lemon and hot sauce. Accompanying drinks can include tejuino, which is made with a base of sourdough corn accompanied by lemon ice cream, or tepache, which is made from the bark of fermented pineapple.

Another typical meal of Guadalajara and the entire state of [[Jalisco]] is the "[[birria]]", which is usually made with either pork, beef, or goat. Handcrafted birria is made in a special oven, which can be underground and covered with maguey leaves; the meat can be mixed with a tomato broth and spices, or consumed separately.<ref name="guadgas">{{cite web|url= http://www.visitingmexico.com.mx/jalisco/destino_jalisco_guadalajara_gastronomia.php |title=Guadalajara Gastronomía |publisher=Visiting Mexico (SECTUR) |location=Mexico |language=es |trans-title=Guadalajara Gastronomy |access-date=January 27, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100211011647/http://www.visitingmexico.com.mx/jalisco/destino_jalisco_guadalajara_gastronomia.php |archive-date=February 11, 2010 }}</ref> The traditional way of preparing birria is to pit roast the meat and spices wrapped in maguey leaves.<ref name="guadguad">{{cite web|url= http://www.guadalajaraguadalajara.com/paginas.php?id=176 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090726232240/http://www.guadalajaraguadalajara.com/paginas.php?id=176 |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 26, 2009 |title=La Birria |language=es |access-date=January 27, 2010 }}</ref> It is served in bowls with minced onion, limes and tortillas.

[[File:Tequilas hechos en Jalisco, México (cropped).JPG|thumb|right|Most [[Tequila]] is produced in [[Jalisco]] in the regions north of Guadalajara around [[Tequila, Jalisco|Santiago de Tequila]] and [[Los Altos de Jalisco]].]]
Another typical dish of the tapatía kitchen is the ''{{ill|carne en su jugo|es|vertical-align=sup}}'' This dish consists of a beef broth with beans from the pot and is accompanied by bacon, coriander, onion, and radish (sliced or whole). The dessert that is considered as a typical tapatío is the [[jericalla]].

When the Spanish conquistadors arrived in the Aztec empire, a few religious ceremonies included eating [[pozole]] made with hominy and human flesh. This was the first type of pozole mentioned in Spanish writing, as a ritual dish eaten only by select priests and noblemen. The meat from the thighs of slain enemy warriors was used. The Franciscan missionaries ended this custom when they banned Aztec religious ceremonies. The pozole in the local common cuisine was related to the ritual dish, but prepared with turkey meat, and later pork, not with human flesh.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.elmanana.com/pozoleerapreparadoconcarnehumanaenepocaprehispanica-4060229.html |title=Pozole era preparado con carne humana en época prehispánica|language=es|access-date=October 1, 2017|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171001122417/https://www.elmanana.com/pozoleerapreparadoconcarnehumanaenepocaprehispanica-4060229.html |archive-date=October 1, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:Chapala133.JPG|thumb|[[Torta ahogada]], a typical dish.]]
Other dishes that are popular here include [[pozole]], a soup prepared with hominy, pork or chicken, topped with cabbage, radishes, minced onions, and other condiments; [[mole (sauce)|pipián]], which is a sauce prepared with peanuts, squash and sesame seed, and [[Bionico|biónico]], a popular local dessert.

[[Jericalla]]s are a typical Guadalajara dessert that is similar to flan, that was created to give children proper nutrients while being delicious. It is made with eggs, milk, sugar, vanilla, and cinnamon, and baked in the oven where it is broiled to the point that a burnt layer is produced. The burnt layer at the surface is what makes this dessert special and delicious.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://zonaguadalajara.com/el-origen-de-la-jericalla/|title=El origen de la Jericalla – Zona Guadalajara|website=zonaguadalajara.com|date=19 March 2015|access-date=2016-11-14|archive-date=13 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161113151907/http://zonaguadalajara.com/el-origen-de-la-jericalla/|url-status=live}}</ref>

One of the drinks that is popular in Guadalajara is Tejuino, a refreshing drink that contains a corn fermented base with sugarcane, lime, salt and chili powder.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://vive.guadalajara.gob.mx/es/qu%C3%A9-comer?p=706|title=Qué Comer? |website=vive.guadalajara.gob.mx|access-date=2016-11-14|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161114172956/http://vive.guadalajara.gob.mx/es/qu%C3%A9-comer?p=706 |archive-date=2016-11-14|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The city hosts the Feria Internacional Gastronomía (International Gastronomy Fair) each year in September showcasing Mexican and international cuisines. Many restaurants, bars, bakeries and cafés participate as well as producers of [[beer in Mexico|beer]], [[Mexican wine|wine]] and [[tequila]].<ref name="guadgas"/>

=== Sports ===

[[File:Estadio Akron 02-07-2022 cabecera sur lado derecho (1).jpg|thumb|[[Estadio Akron]], House of Chivas football team, built for the 2010 [[Copa Libertadores]]]]
Guadalajara is home to four professional [[Association football|football]] teams; [[C.D. Guadalajara|Guadalajara]], also known as ''Chivas'', [[Club Atlas|Atlas]], [[C.D. Oro]] and [[Club Universidad de Guadalajara|Universidad de Guadalajara]]. [[C.D. Guadalajara|Guadalajara]] is the most followed club in the country,<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.informador.com.mx/deportes/2011/271245/6/chivas-el-preferido-de-mexico.htm |title=Chivas, el preferido de México|work=El Informador |publisher=Infomador|access-date=2012-05-22|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130523232055/http://www.informador.com.mx/deportes/2011/271245/6/chivas-el-preferido-de-mexico.htm |archive-date=2013-05-23|url-status=live}}</ref> They have won the [[Mexican Primera División]] a total of 12 times, and have won the [[Copa MX]] four times. In 2017 Chivas became the first team in Mexican football history to win a [[Double (association football)|Double]] (a league and cup title) in a single season on two different occasions and their first since the [[1969–70 Mexican Primera División season|1969–70 season]].<ref>{{cite web |title=¡Doblete Sagrado! Chivas conquista Copa y Liga después de 37 años |url=https://www.mediotiempo.com/futbol/liga-mx/doblete-sagrado-chivas-conquista-copa-liga-37-anos |website=MedioTiempo.com |date=29 May 2019 |language=es |access-date=28 May 2020 |archive-date=18 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218231252/https://www.mediotiempo.com/futbol/liga-mx/doblete-sagrado-chivas-conquista-copa-liga-37-anos |url-status=live }}</ref> Chivas went on to win the [[2018 CONCACAF Champions League Finals|2018 CONCACAF Champions League final]] against [[Major League Soccer]] side [[Toronto FC]], the second time they have won the tournament. Chivas won the first ever [[CONCACAF Champions League]] and are the only Guadalajara-based football team to win the tournament. [[Club Atlas|Atlas]] also plays in the [[Mexican Primera División]]. They are known in the country as 'The academy', hence they have provided Mexico's finest football players, among them: [[Rafael Márquez]], [[Oswaldo Sánchez]], [[Pável Pardo]], [[Andrés Guardado]], and the Mexican national team's former top scorer [[Jared Borgetti]]. Atlas also won several championships in amateur tournaments, and the first championship for a Guadalajaran team in 1951. They won the first division championship again in 2021. [[Estudiantes Tecos|Estudiantes]] was associated with the [[Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara|Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara A.C.]] It played in the [[Mexican Primera División|Primera División]], with home games in the ''[[Estadio 3 de Marzo]]'' (March 3 Stadium, for the university's 1935 date of founding). They've won also a single Championship back in 1994 as they defeated [[Club Santos Laguna|Santos]]. The team moved to [[Zacatecas, Zacatecas|Zacatecas]] and became the [[Mineros de Zacatecas]] in May 2014.

[[File:Estadio Telmex de Atletismo.JPG|thumb|[[Estadio de Béisbol Charros de Jalisco y Atletismo|Estadio Charros]], built for the [[2011 Pan American Games]]]]
Starting in October 2014, Guadalajara rejoined the [[Liga Mexicana del Pacífico]] baseball tournament with the [[Charros de Jalisco]] franchise in play at the Athletic Stadium. [[Charreada]], the Mexican form of rodeo and closely tied to mariachi music, is popular here. The biggest place for Charreada competitions, the [[VFG Arena]], is located near the Guadalajara Airport founded by singer [[Vicente Fernández]]. Every September 15, charros make a parade in the downtown streets to celebrate the Charro and Mariachi Day.<ref name="marchar"/>

Guadalajara hosted the [[2011 Pan American Games]].<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.guadalajara2011.org.mx/eng/index.asp |title=The official Web site of XVI Pan American Games |website=Guadalajara2011.org.mx |access-date=2010-06-07 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081220110622/http://www.guadalajara2011.org.mx/eng/index.asp |archive-date=December 20, 2008}}</ref> Since winning the bid to host the Games, the city had been undergoing extensive renovations. The games brought in more than 5,000 athletes from approximately 42 countries from the Americas and the Caribbean. Sports included aquatics, football, racquetball, and 27 more, with six others being considered. COPAG (the Organizing Committee for the Pan American Games Guadalajara 2011) had a total budget of US$250 million with the aim of updating the city's sports and general infrastructure. The center of the city was repaved and new hotels were constructed for the approximately 22,000 rooms that were needed in 2011. The new bus rapid transit (BRT) system, Macrobús, was launched in March and runs along Avenida Independencia. The Pan-American village was built around the Bajio Zone. After the Games, the buildings will be used for housing. There are already 13 existing venues in Guadalajara that the games will use, including the [[Jalisco Stadium]], UAG 3 de Marzo Stadium, and the UAG Gymnasium. Eleven new sporting facilities were created for the event. Other works included a second terminal in the airport, a highway to Puerto Vallarta and a bypass for the southern part of the city.<ref>{{cite news |title=Guadalajara Prepares for 2011 PanAmerican Games |first=Michael |last=Glover |url= http://www.banderasnews.com/0906/to-panam2011.htm |newspaper=Banderas News |location=Puerto Vallarta |date=June 13, 2009 |access-date=January 28, 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100128040917/http://www.banderasnews.com/0906/to-panam2011.htm |archive-date=January 28, 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[Lorena Ochoa]], a now-retired former #1 female golfer, [[Sergio Pérez]], a former [[Formula One]] driver, and [[Javier Hernández|Javier "Chicharito" Hernández]], a forward who currently plays for [[LA Galaxy]] and the [[Mexico national team]] were also born in the city. Additionally, [[Canelo Álvarez|Saúl “Canelo” Álvarez]], a world champion boxer in four weight classes and two-time [[Undisputed championship (boxing)|undisputed]] [[super middleweight]] champion, was born in and fights out of Guadalajara. 

[[File:Estadio_de_Tenis_y_Alberca_-_panoramio_(1).jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Panamerican Tennis Center]]]]
The city hosted the [[2021 WTA Finals]], the first time the tournament was played in Latin America.

The city will be one of three cities in Mexico to host matches during the [[2026 FIFA World Cup]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/articles/fifa-to-announce-host-cities-for-fifa-world-cup-2026|title=FIFA announces hosts cities for FIFA World Cup 2026™|access-date=28 December 2022|archive-date=28 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221228153555/https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/articles/fifa-to-announce-host-cities-for-fifa-world-cup-2026|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== ''Tapatío'' ===
{{For|the hot sauce|Tapatío hot sauce}}
{{lang|es|Tapatío}} (used as in male gender) is a [[Mexican Spanish|Mexican]] colloquial term which refers to someone born in the state of {{lang|es|[[Jalisco]]|italic=no}}. Tapatía is the female gender equivalent. Tapatío/Tapatía is also used as an adjective for anything associated with {{lang|es|Guadalajara|italic=no}} or anything of the state of {{lang|es|Jalisco|italic=no}}.<ref name="Prieto">Prieto, Jorge Mejía (1985) [https://books.google.com/books?id=yrD7X-KZBCcC&q=Tapatio ''Asi Habla El Mexicano''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230903205640/https://books.google.com/books?id=yrD7X-KZBCcC&q=Tapatio |date=3 September 2023 }} México, D.F. : Panorama. {{ISBN|9789683801227}}. p.131</ref> The word derives from the [[Nahuatl]] word {{lang|nah|tlapatiyōtl}}, the name of a monetary unit in [[pre-Columbian]] times which became most closely associated with the region which today is Guadalajara.<ref name="Prieto"/>