Editing Glaucoma (section)

====Trabeculectomy====
The most common conventional surgery performed for glaucoma is the [[trabeculectomy]]. Here, a partial thickness flap is made in the scleral wall of the eye, and a window opening is made under the flap to remove a portion of the trabecular meshwork. The scleral flap is then sutured loosely back in place to allow fluid to flow out of the eye through this opening, resulting in lowered intraocular pressure and the formation of a bleb or fluid bubble on the surface of the eye.

Scarring can occur around or over the flap opening, causing it to become less effective or lose effectiveness altogether. Traditionally, chemotherapeutic adjuvants, such as [[mitomycin C]] (MMC) or [[5-fluorouracil]] (5-FU), are applied with soaked sponges on the wound bed to prevent filtering blebs from scarring by inhibiting fibroblast proliferation. Contemporary alternatives to prevent the scarring of the meshwork opening include the sole or combinative implementation of nonchemotherapeutic adjuvants such as the Ologen collagen matrix, which has been clinically shown to increase the success rates of surgical treatment.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Dada T, Sharma R, Sinha G, Angmo D, Temkar S | title = Cyclodialysis-enhanced trabeculectomy with triple Ologen implantation | journal = European Journal of Ophthalmology | volume = 26 | issue = 1 | pages = 95–97 | year = 2016 | pmid = 26044372 | doi = 10.5301/ejo.5000633 | s2cid = 83593 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Yuan F, Li L, Chen X, Yan X, Wang L | title = Biodegradable 3D-Porous Collagen Matrix (Ologen) Compared with Mitomycin C for Treatment of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: Results at 5 Years | journal = Journal of Ophthalmology | volume = 2015 | issue = 637537 | pages = 637537 | year = 2015 | pmid = 26078875 | pmc = 4452460 | doi = 10.1155/2015/637537 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="pmid23640614">{{cite journal | vauthors = Tanuj D, Amit S, Saptorshi M, Meenakshi G | title = Combined subconjunctival and subscleral ologen implant insertion in trabeculectomy | journal = Eye | volume = 27 | issue = 7 | pages = 889 | date = July 2013 | pmid = 23640614 | pmc = 3709396 | doi = 10.1038/eye.2013.76 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Cillino S, Casuccio A, Di Pace F, Cagini C, Ferraro LL, Cillino G | title = Biodegradable collagen matrix implant versus mitomycin-C in trabeculectomy: five-year follow-up | journal = BMC Ophthalmology | volume = 16 | issue = 24 | pages = 24 | date = March 2016 | pmid = 26946419 | pmc = 4779569 | doi = 10.1186/s12886-016-0198-0 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

Collagen matrix prevents scarring by randomizing and modulating fibroblast proliferation in addition to mechanically preventing wound contraction and adhesion.