Editing Germanic umlaut (section)

== Sources ==
{{sfn whitelist |CITEREFRinge2006}}
{{refbegin |30em |indent=yes}}
* {{cite book |first1=Rob |last1=Belemans |first2=Ronny |last2=Keulen |year=2004 |title=Belgisch-Limburgs |publisher=[[Lannoo|Lannoo Uitgeverij]] |location=Taal |url=https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bele001belg01_01 |access-date=2025-01-03 }}
* {{cite book |last=Campbell |first=A. |year=1959 |title=Old English Grammar |location=Oxford |publisher=Clarendon Press |url=https://archive.org/details/oldenglishgramma00camp/page/n5 |access-date=2025-01-03 |lccn=59000985 |ol=OL6265985M |oclc=316368 }}
* {{cite book |last=Campbell |first=Lyle |year=2004 |title=Historical Linguistics: An Introduction |edition=2nd |publisher=Edinburgh University Press }}
* {{cite journal |last=Cercignani |first=Fausto |author-link=Fausto Cercignani |year=1980a |title=Early 'Umlaut' Phenomena in the Germanic Languages |pages=126–136 |journal=Language |volume=56 |issue=1 |doi=10.2307/412645 |jstor=412645 }}
* {{cite journal |last=Cercignani |first=Fausto |author-link=Fausto Cercignani |year=1980b |title=Alleged Gothic Umlauts |pages=207–213 |journal=Indogermanische Forschungen |volume=85 }}
* {{cite journal |last=Cercignani |first=Fausto |author-link=Fausto Cercignani |year=2022a |title=On the Germanic and Old High German distance assimilation changes |journal=Linguistik Online |volume=116 |issue=4 |pages=41–59 |url=https://bop.unibe.ch/linguistik-online/article/view/8889/11877 |doi=10.13092/lo.116.8889 |issn=1615-3014 |access-date=2025-01-03 }}
* {{cite journal |last=Cercignani |first=Fausto |author-link=Fausto Cercignani |year=2022b |title=The development of the Old High German umlauted vowels and the reflex of New High German /ɛ:/ in Present Standard German |journal=Linguistik Online |volume=113 |issue=1 |pages=45–57 |url=https://bop.unibe.ch/linguistik-online/article/view/8317/11309 |doi=10.13092/lo.113.8317 |issn=1615-3014 |access-date=2025-01-03 }}
* {{cite book |last=Curme |first=George O. |author-link=George Oliver Curme |year=1952 |title=A Grammar of the German Language |publisher=Frederick Ungar Publishing Co. |location=New York |isbn=0879682132 |lccn=53001179 |oclc=322376 }}
* {{cite book |ref={{sfnRef |Duden |1996 }} |title=Duden. Die deutsche Rechtschreibung |year=1996 |edition=21st |publisher=Langenscheidt Publishers |ol=OL9027008M |isbn=3411040114 |oclc=35821057 }}
* {{cite web |ref={{sfnRef |Flickr |2015}} |title=Flickr collection: vertical umlauts |website=Flickr |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/tags/vertical%20umlaut |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925120422/https://www.flickr.com/photos/tags/vertical%20umlaut |archive-date=25 September 2015 |access-date=15 July 2015 }}
* {{cite book |last=Grønvik |first=Ottar |author-link=Ottar Grønvik |year=1998 |title=Untersuchungen zur älteren nordischen und germanischen Sprachgeschichte |language=de |publisher=Peter Lang |location=Frankfurt |isbn=3-631-33479-6 |lccn=98211386 |ol=OL483356M |oclc=39702494 }}
*{{cite journal |last=Gütter |first=Adolf |year=2011 |title=Frühe Belege für den Umlaut von ahd. /u/, /ō/ und /ū/ |journal=Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur |language=de |volume=133 |issue=1 |pages=1–13 |doi=10.1515/bgsl.2011.002 |s2cid=162809692 }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Hansson |first1=Gunnar Ólafur |last2=Wiese |first2=Richard |author2-link=Richard Wiese (linguist) |year=2024 |title=Umlaut in the Germanic languages |editor1-first=Nancy A. |editor1-last=Ritter |editor2-last=van der Hulst |editor2-first=Harry |editor2-link=Harry van der Hulst |journal=The Oxford Handbook of Vowel Harmony |location=Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press |pages=864–871 |doi=10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198826804.013.68 |isbn=978-0-19-882680-4 }}
* {{cite web |last=Hardwig |first=Florian |title=Jazz in Town |date=28 May 2013 |website=Fonts in Use |url=http://fontsinuse.com/uses/4006/jazz-in-town-poster |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107141542/http://fontsinuse.com/uses/4006/jazz-in-town-poster |archive-date=7 November 2020 |access-date=15 July 2015 }}
* {{cite web |last=Hardwig |first=Florian |title=Compact umlaut |date=17 December 2014 |website=Fonts in Use |url=http://fontsinuse.com/uses/8308/gipfelstuermer-by-unheilig |url-status=live |archive-date=16 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716000038/http://fontsinuse.com/uses/8308/gipfelstuermer-by-unheilig |access-date=15 July 2015 }}
* {{cite web |last=Hardwig |first=Florian |date=n.d. |title=Unusual Umlauts (German) |publisher=Typojournal |url=http://kaune.hardwig.com/news/ungewohnliche-umlaute |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011012021/http://kaune.hardwig.com/news/ungewohnliche-umlaute |archive-date=11 October 2017 |access-date=15 July 2015 }}
* {{cite journal |last=Hogg |first=Richard M. |author-link=Richard Milne Hogg |year=1992 |title=Phonology and Morphology |pages=67–167 |journal=The Cambridge History of the English Language |volume=1, ''The Beginnings to 1066'' |editor-first=Richard M. |editor-last=Hogg |editor-link=Richard Milne Hogg |location=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/CHOL9780521264747.004 |isbn=978-1-139-05552-9 }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Howell |first1=Robert B. |last2=Salmons |first2=Joseph C. |author2-link=Joe Salmons |year=1997 |title=Umlautless Residues in Germanic |journal=American Journal of Germanic Linguistics and Literatures |volume=9 |pages=83–111 |doi=10.1017/S1040820700002006 }}
* {{cite news |last=Isert |first=Jörg |title=Fast Food: McDonald's schafft "Big Mäc" und "Fishmäc" ab |trans-title=Fast food: McDonald's abolishes "Big Mäc" and "Fishmäc" |date=June 2007 |language=de |work=Welt Online |publisher=[[Axel Springer AG]] |url=https://www.welt.de/wirtschaft/article912840/McDonalds_schafft_Big_Maec_und_Fishmaec_ab.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309235332/http://www.welt.de/wirtschaft/article912840/McDonalds_schafft_Big_Maec_und_Fishmaec_ab.html |archive-date=9 March 2012 |access-date=21 April 2012 }}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Malmkjær |editor-first=Kirsten |year=2002 |title=The linguistics encyclopedia |edition=2nd |location=London |publisher=Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group |isbn=0-415-22209-5 }}
* {{cite web |ref={{sfnRef |Oracle |1999}} |title=Alternate Spelling Conventions |url=https://docs.oracle.com/cd/F49540_01/DOC/inter.815/a67843/aspell.htm |url-status=live |website=Oracle |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616052327/https://docs.oracle.com/cd/F49540_01/DOC/inter.815/a67843/aspell.htm |archive-date=2022-06-16 |access-date=2022-05-22 }}
* {{cite book |last=Paul |first=Hermann |author-link=Hermann Paul |year=1966 |title=Mittelhochdeutsche Grammatik |publisher=[[Max Niemeyer Verlag]] |location=Tübingen |ol=OL18435470M |oclc=3508912 }}
* {{cite journal |last=Penzl |first=Herbert |author-link=Herbert Penzl |year=1949 |title=Umlaut and Secondary Umlaut in Old High German |journal=[[Language (journal)|Language]] |volume=25 |issue=3 |pages=223–240 |doi=10.2307/410084 |jstor=410084 }}
* {{cite Q |Q131605459 |first=Don |last=Ringe |author-link=Donald Ringe |mode=cs1 }}
* {{cite book |last=Voyles |first=Joseph |year=1992 |chapter=On Old High German i-umlaut |pages=365–394 |title=On Germanic Linguistics: Issues and Methods |editor1-last=Rauch |editor1-first=Irmengard |editor1-link=Irmengard Rauch |editor2-last=Carr |editor2-first=Gerald F. |editor3-last=Kyes |editor3-first=Robert L. |series=Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs [TiLSM] |volume=68 |location=Berlin |publisher=De Gruyter Mouton |doi=10.1515/9783110856446.365 |isbn=978-3-11-013000-3 }}
* {{cite book |last=Walshe |first=Maurice O'Connell |year=1974 |title=A Middle High German Reader With Grammar, Notes and Glossary |location=Oxford |publisher=Clarendon Press |url=https://archive.org/details/middlehighgerman0000wals/page/n6 |access-date=2025-01-03 |lccn=74236601 |isbn=0198720785 |ol=OL5132091M |oclc=1302153065 }}
* {{cite book |first=Roland |last=Willemyns |year=2013 |title=Dutch: Biography of a Language |publisher=OUP USA |isbn=978-0199858712 }}
{{refend}}