Editing Franz Liszt (section)

=== Keyboard music ===
==== Piano ====
{{listen
 |type=music
 | filename = Franz Liszt - Second Hungarian Rhapsody.ogg
 | title = Hungarian Rhapsody No. 2
 | description = Performed by [[Martha Goldstein]] on an 1851 Érard piano
}}
{{listen
| type         = music
| filename     = Liszt-La Campanella-Greiss.ogg
| title        = La Campanella
}}

The best-known portion of Liszt's music is his original piano work. During the Weimar period he composed the first 15 [[Hungarian Rhapsodies]], themselves revisions of his earlier Magyar Dalok/Rhapsódiák, which were influenced by the Romani bands he heard while visiting Hungary. ''[[Harmonies poétiques et religieuses]]'', also the result of a long gestation, was published around the same time, and dedicated to Princess Carolyne.{{sfn|Watson|2000|pp=235-237}} Likewise, the six ''[[Grandes études de Paganini|Grandes Études de Paganini]]'' were revised from an earlier 1840 edition and published in 1851; these include the famous piece "[[La campanella]]".{{sfn|Watson|2000|pp=226-227}} Other notable pieces include the thoroughly revised collections of ''[[Années de pèlerinage]]'' ("Years of Pilgrimage"), inspired by his travels around Europe;{{sfn|Eckhardt|Mueller|Walker|2001|loc=§7}} the [[Piano Sonata in B minor (Liszt)|Piano Sonata in B minor]], which has been described as "one of the most original contributions to sonata form to come out of the 19th century";{{sfn|Eckhardt|Mueller|Walker|2001|loc=§17}} and the ''[[Transcendental Études]]'', which are stylistically varied, technically difficult, and have been described as "Liszt at his most Lisztian".{{sfn|Schwarm|2016}}{{sfn|Searle|2023}}

==== Organ ====
Liszt wrote his two largest organ works between 1850 and 1855 while he was living in Weimar, a city with a long tradition of organ music, most notably that of J. S. Bach. [[Humphrey Searle]] calls these works{{spaced ndash}}the ''[[Fantasy and Fugue on the chorale "Ad nos, ad salutarem undam"]]'' and the ''[[Fantasy and Fugue on the Theme B-A-C-H]]''{{spaced ndash}}Liszt's "only important original organ works";{{sfn|Searle|1995|p=46}} [[Derek Watson (actor and musicologist)|Derek Watson]] considered them among the most significant organ works of the nineteenth century, heralding the work of such key organist-musicians as [[Max Reger|Reger]], Franck and Saint-Saëns, among others.{{sfn|Watson|2000|p=286}} Liszt also wrote the monumental set of variations on the first section of the second movement chorus from [[List of Bach cantatas|Bach's cantata]] ''[[Weinen, Klagen, Sorgen, Zagen, BWV 12]]'' (which Bach later reworked as the ''{{lang|la|[[Mass in B minor structure#Crucifixus|Crucifixus]]}}'' in the [[Mass in B minor]]), which he composed after the death of his daughter in 1862.{{sfn|Eckhardt|Mueller|Walker|2001|loc=Works: Organ, harmonium, pedal piano}} He also wrote a Requiem for organ solo, intended to be performed liturgically during the service of the spoken [[Requiem Mass]].{{sfn|Searle|1995|p=46}}

==== Transcriptions and paraphrases ====
{{Main|Transcriptions by Franz Liszt}}
{{listen
 |type=music
 |filename=Liszt Totentanz.ogg
 |title=''Totentanz''
 |description=''[[Totentanz (Liszt)|Totentanz: Paraphrase on Dies irae]]''
}}
Liszt coined the terms "[[Transcription (music)|transcription]]" and "paraphrase", the former being a faithful reproduction of the source material and the latter a more free reinterpretation.{{sfn|Eckhardt|Mueller|Walker|2001|loc=§10}} He wrote substantial quantities of both over the course of his life, and they form a large proportion of his total output{{emdash}}up to half of his solo piano output from the 1830s and 1840s is transcription and paraphrase, and of his total output only approximately a third is completely original.{{sfn|Pesce|Eckhardt|Mueller|2023|loc=§4.v}}{{sfn|Friedheim|1962|p=83}} In the mid-19th century, orchestral performances were much less common than they are today and were not available at all outside major cities; thus, Liszt's transcriptions played a major role in popularising a wide array of music such as [[Beethoven Symphonies (Liszt)|Beethoven's symphonies]].{{sfn|Rosen|2012}} Liszt's transcriptions of Italian opera, Schubert songs and Beethoven symphonies are also significant indicators of his artistic development, the opera allowing him to improvise in concert and the Schubert and Beethoven influence indicating his compositional development towards the Germanic tradition. He also transcribed his own orchestral and choral music for piano in an attempt to make it better known.{{sfn|Pesce|Eckhardt|Mueller|2023|loc=§4.v}}

In addition to piano transcriptions, Liszt also transcribed about a dozen works for organ, such as [[Otto Nicolai]]'s ''Ecclesiastical Festival Overture on the chorale "Ein feste Burg"'', [[Orlando di Lasso]]'s motet ''Regina coeli'' and excerpts of Bach's [[BWV 21|Cantata No. 21]] and Wagner's ''Tannhäuser''.{{sfn|Gárdonyi|1985}}