Editing Etruscan civilization (section)

=== Art and music ===
{{Main|Etruscan art}}
[[File:Danseurs et musiciens, tombe des léopards.jpg|thumb|200px|5th&nbsp;century&nbsp;BC fresco of dancers and musicians, [[Tomb of the Leopards]], [[Monterozzi necropolis]], Tarquinia, Italy]]

Etruscan art was produced by the Etruscan civilization between the 9th and 2nd centuries BC. Particularly strong in this tradition were figurative sculpture in terracotta (particularly lifesize on [[sarcophagus|sarcophagi]] or temples), wall-painting and [[metalworking]] (especially engraved bronze mirrors). Etruscan sculpture in cast bronze was famous and widely exported, but few large examples have survived (the material was too valuable, and recycled later). In contrast to terracotta and bronze, there was apparently little Etruscan sculpture in stone, despite the Etruscans controlling fine sources of marble, including [[Carrara marble]], which seems not to have been exploited until the Romans. Most surviving Etruscan art comes from tombs, including all the [[fresco]] wall-paintings, a minority of which show scenes of feasting and some narrative mythological subjects.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worldhistory.org/trans/it/2-1024/i-banchetti-etruschi/|title=I banchetti etruschi|access-date=24 November 2021|language=it}}</ref>

[[Bucchero]] wares in black were the early and native styles of fine Etruscan pottery. There was also a tradition of elaborate [[Etruscan vase painting]], which sprung from its Greek equivalent; the Etruscans were the main export market for [[Pottery of ancient Greece|Greek vases]]. Etruscan temples were heavily decorated with colorfully painted terracotta [[antefix]]es and other fittings, which survive in large numbers where the wooden superstructure has vanished. Etruscan art was strongly connected to [[Etruscan religion|religion]]; the afterlife was of major importance in Etruscan art.<ref name="etruscianartmusic">{{cite book |title=Etruscan Art |first=Nigel |last=Spivey |year=1997 |publisher=Thames and Hudson |location=London}}</ref>

The Etruscan musical instruments seen in frescoes and bas-reliefs are different types of pipes, such as the [[aulos|plagiaulos]] (the pipes of [[Pan (mythology)|Pan]] or [[Syrinx]]), the alabaster pipe and the famous double pipes, accompanied on percussion instruments such as the [[Tintinnabulum (Ancient Rome)|tintinnabulum]], [[Timpani|tympanum]] and [[crotales]], and later by stringed instruments like the [[lyre]] and [[kithara]].