Editing Emilio Aguinaldo (section)

=== Capture, investigation and acquittal ===
After US forces [[Philippines campaign (1944–1945)|returned to the Philippines]] in October 1944, Aguinaldo went into hiding in order to avoid being captured and potentially killed. During the [[Battle of Manila (1945)|Battle of Manila]], however, members of the [[Marking Guerrillas]] resistance force were able to track his whereabouts, and arrested him on February 8, 1945. Aguinaldo was then placed under [[house arrest]] as the US Army's [[Counterintelligence Corps]] investigated his collaboration with the Japanese. Despite his claims that he had secretly remained loyal to the US throughout the war, and that he, as well as other Axis collaborators, had only been forced to collaborate with Japan under great duress and should therefore all be granted amnesty, the People's Court of the Philippines nonetheless charged Aguinaldo with 11 counts of [[treason]] for his "wholehearted" support for and collaboration with the Empire of Japan.<ref>{{harvnb|Ara|2015|p=184}}</ref>

Aguinaldo was 77 when the US government recognized [[Republic Day (Philippines)|Philippine independence]] in the [[Treaty of Manila (1946)|Treaty of Manila]] on July 4, 1946, in accordance with the [[Tydings–McDuffie Act]] of 1934. On January 28, 1948, Philippine president [[Manuel Roxas]] granted amnesty to all Filipinos who had collaborated with the Empire of Japan and as a result, Aguinaldo's charges were dropped and his trial was never held.<ref name="ebo" /><ref name="FREDRIKSEN2001p2" /><ref name="VVCr6" />