Editing Education reform (section)

==== Trump administration ====
In 2017, [[Betsy DeVos]] was instated as the 11th Secretary of Education. A strong proponent of school choice, school voucher programs, and charter schools, DeVos was a much-contested choice as her own education and career had little to do with formal experience in the US education system.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Bauer|first1=Patricia|title=Assistant Editor|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Betsy-DeVos|website=britannica.com|date=4 January 2024 |publisher=Encyclopedia Britannica}}</ref>  In a Republican-dominated senate, she received a 50–50 vote - a tie that was broken by Vice President Mike Pence.  Prior to her appointment, DeVos received a BA degree in business economics from Calvin College in Grand Rapids, Michigan and she served as chairman of an investment management firm, The Windquest Group. She supported the idea of leaving education to state governments under the new K-12 legislation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/education/states-bristle-devos-department-education-critique-k-12-plans|title=States bristle as DeVos and Department of Education critique their K-12 plans|website=PBS NewsHour|language=en-US|access-date=2018-07-09|date=2017-07-27}}</ref> DeVos cited the interventionist approach of the federal government to education policy following the signing of the ESSA. The primary approach to that rule has not changed significantly. Her opinion was that the education movement [[Populism|populist politics]] or populism<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2016/12/19/what-is-populism|title=What is populism?|newspaper=The Economist|access-date=2018-07-09|language=en}}</ref> encouraged reformers to commit promises which were not very realistic and therefore difficult to deliver.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.marketwatch.com/story/why-education-reform-espoused-by-betsy-devos-mark-zuckerberg-and-others-lives-on-despite-its-many-failures-2018-03-12|title=Why 'education reform' espoused by Betsy DeVos, Mark Zuckerberg and others lives on despite its many failures|last=Schneider|first=Jack|work=MarketWatch|access-date=2018-07-09|language=en-US}}</ref>

On July 31, 2018, President Donald Trump signed the Strengthening Career and Technical Education for the 21st Century Act (HR 2353)  The Act reauthorized the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act, a $1.2 billion program modified by the United States Congress in 2006.<ref>{{Cite web|title=PCRN: Perkins Act|url=https://cte.ed.gov/legislation/about-perkins-iv|access-date=2018-08-06|website=cte.ed.gov|archive-date=2018-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180806115431/https://cte.ed.gov/legislation/about-perkins-iv|url-status=dead}}</ref> A move to change the Higher Education Act was also deferred.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Ujifusa|first=Andrew|title=Donald Trump Signs First Major Education Policy Bill of His Presidency|language=en-US|work=Education Week|url=https://www.edweek.org/ew/articles/2018/07/31/donald-trump-signs-career-technical-education-bill.html|access-date=2018-08-06}}</ref>

The legislation enacted on July 1, 2019, replaced the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education (Perkins IV) Act of 2006. Stipulations in Perkins V enables school districts to make use of federal subsidies for all students' career search and development activities in the middle grades as well as comprehensive guidance and academic mentoring in the upper grades.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Gewertz|first=Catherine|title=What Is Career and Technical Education, Anyway?|language=en-US|work=Education Week|url=https://www.edweek.org/ew/issues/career-technical-education/index.html|access-date=2018-08-06}}</ref> At the same time, this law revised the meaning of "special populations" to include homeless persons, foster youth, those who left the foster care system, and children with parents on active duty in the United States armed forces.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-08-02|title=Strengthening Career & Technical Education for 21st Century Act Signed|language=en-US|work=ED.gov Blog|url=https://blog.ed.gov/2018/08/strengthening-career-technical-education-21st-century-act-signed-law/|access-date=2018-08-06|archive-date=2018-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180806115724/https://blog.ed.gov/2018/08/strengthening-career-technical-education-21st-century-act-signed-law/|url-status=dead}}</ref>