Editing Dushanbe (section)

== Infrastructure ==
[[File:Tea House Rohat, Dushanbe, Tajikistan 2.jpg|thumb|Combination of neoclassical decoration and a minimalist structure from the late 1950s]]

=== Architecture ===
Before the Soviet invasion, Dushanbe consisted of narrow streets with [[adobe]] buildings.<ref name="Dushanbe Encyc-2004e">{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/65068362|title=Dushanbe : ėnt︠s︡iklopedii︠a︡|date=2004|publisher=Glavnai︠a︡ nauchnai︠a︡ redakt︠s︡ii︠a︡ Tadzhikskoĭ nat︠s︡ionalʹnoĭ ėnt︠s︡iklopedii|others=Dinorshoev, Muso.|isbn=5-89870-071-4|location=Dushanbe|chapter=Buildings|oclc=65068362|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101028115236/http://dushanbe.tj/img/ENS.doc|archive-date=28 October 2010}}</ref> None of the buildings from that time survived.<ref name=robert>{{cite news |last1=Robert |first1=Judith |title=Redeveloping Dushanbe |url=https://mailchi.mp/meduza.io/redeveloping-dushanbe?e=263588e574 |work=The Beet |date=December 2023}}</ref> The development of the 1920s, soon after the Soviet invasion, laid the groundwork for future development and established the beginning of the city. In the 1930s, [[constructivist architecture]] gained prominence along with the building of larger structures, often made out of concrete.<ref name="Mehrotra-2008" /><ref name="Tilloev-2007">{{Cite book|url=https://static.freereferats.ru/_avtoreferats/01003368308.pdf|title=ИСТОРИЯ СТАНОВЛЕНИЯ И РАЗВИТИЯ АРХИТЕКТУРЫ ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫХ ЗДАНИЙ ДУШАНБЕ (1924 началдх2000 гг.)|pages=14–16}}</ref> Several architects played a major role in the city's construction in a group headed by [[Peter Vaulin]]. He drew up a piece of legislation called "On the construction of the city of Dushanbe" which the city adopted on 27 April 1927. He implemented a constructivist design in the city, possibly inspired by his meeting with [[Le Corbusier]] in Moscow in 1929.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Первый архитектор Душанбе. Кто спроектировал главную улицу таджикской столицы {{!}} Новости Таджикистана ASIA-Plus|url=https://asiaplustj.info/ru/news/tajikistan/society/20200107/pervii-arhitektor-dushanbe-kto-sproektiroval-glavnuyu-ulitsu-tadzhikskoi-stolitsi|access-date=2020-08-01|website=asiaplustj.info}}</ref>

In 1934 and 1935, the Griprogor Institute, based in [[Leningrad]], created a master plan for the construction of Dushanbe. It was approved on 3 March 1938. The city center during the reconstruction shifted to Red Square and Frunze Park, the location of many workers demonstrations and military parades into the forties. In the later half of the decade, much of the modern infrastructure and utilities for the city were created. In the 1940s, architecture was focused more on decoration and the [[Neoclassical architecture|neoclassical style]].<ref name="Tilloev-2007" /><ref name="Mehrotra-2008" />

1955 heralded in a new era of architecture with the publication of "On the elimination of excesses in the design," which eventually ended the neoclassical period and integrated the city architecture into modernist, minimalistic Soviet trends.<ref name="Tilloev-2007" /> In 1966, a new master plan for the city was created due to the city's rapid growth.<ref name="Mehrotra-2008" /> [[File:Биноҳои Душанбе 23.jpg|thumb|Modern high-rise architecture in Dushanbe]] The first [[skyscraper]] in Dushanbe, the Hotel Dushanbe, was erected in 1964.<ref name="Abdullaev-2018b" /> [[High-rise building]]s were developed in the mid-70s against the wishes of the Tajik Institute of [[Earthquake engineering|Earthquake Engineering]] and [[Seismology]], which viewed such developments as dangerous in an [[earthquake]] which they predicted would occur in the near future.<ref name="Rusu-2016" /><ref name="Davidzon-1983d"/>

In the 1980s, more technically complex and creative designs were built by a new generation of architects along with more attention on ecological issues.<ref name="Tilloev-2007" /> In the late 1990s, more 9-12 story concrete houses were built and private companies grew to 75% of the housing market.<ref name="Dushanbe Encyc-2004e" /> Minimalist influences continued to be felt from the 60s up to the 90s.<ref name="Mehrotra-2008" />

In the 21st century, new construction projects such as tall skyscrapers, a new parliament building, and the national museum were or are being built. However, the new architectural styles of the modern day resulted in the demolition of many historical, Soviet-era buildings in the center of the city, such as the Central Post Office and the Mayakovsky Theatre, with the exception of a small list of 15 historically significant buildings.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Dushanbe|first=Esfandiar Adineh in|date=2017-10-19|title=Demolishing Dushanbe: how the former city of Stalinabad is erasing its Soviet past|url=http://www.theguardian.com/cities/2017/oct/19/demolishing-dushanbe-former-stalinabad-erasing-soviet-past|access-date=2020-09-19|website=the Guardian}}</ref><ref name="Hughes-2017" /><ref name=robert/> The central city mainly consists of wide boulevards and Russian-style buildings today,<ref>{{Cite book|last=Humphrey|first=Caroline|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/815668567|title=Post-Cosmopolitan Cities : Explorations of Urban Coexistence.|date=2012|publisher=Berghahn Books|others=Vera Skvirskaja|isbn=978-0-85745-511-6|location=New York, NY|chapter=‘For Badakhshan – the Country without Borders!’: Village Cosmopolitans, Urban-Rural Networks and the Post-Cosmopolitan City in Tajikistan|oclc=815668567}}</ref> while suburban areas are comparatively underdeveloped.<ref name="Hughes-2017" />

=== Electricity ===
[[File:The tallest dam in the world - 304 m (984 ft) - panoramio.jpg|thumb|Nurek Dam]]

In the 1930s, the use of [[hydroelectricity]] began to take off in Dushanbe, leading it to be one of the most advanced in terms of [[Energy in the Soviet Union|energy production in the Soviet Union]] at the time; today, 96% of Tajikistan's power comes from hydroelectricity.<ref name="Bankwatch-2020">{{Cite web|title=A second coal fired power plant for the Tajik capital|url=https://bankwatch.org/blog/a-second-coal-fired-power-plant-for-the-tajik-capital|access-date=2020-09-18|website=Bankwatch}}</ref><ref name="ИМРӮЗ-1520">{{Cite web|title=ИМРӮЗ — РӮЗИ ЭНЕРГЕТИКҲО. Дар давраи Истиқлолият иқтидори истеҳсолии соҳа бе назардошти НБО "Роғун" 1520 МВт зиёд шуд {{!}} АМИТ "Ховар"|url=https://khovar.tj/2019/12/imr-z-r-zi-energetik-o-dar-davrai-isti-loliyat-i-tidori-iste-solii-so-a-be-nazardoshti-nbo-ro-un-1520-mvt-ziyod-shud/|access-date=2020-09-18|language=ru|archive-date=27 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200927202136/https://khovar.tj/2019/12/imr-z-r-zi-energetik-o-dar-davrai-isti-loliyat-i-tidori-iste-solii-so-a-be-nazardoshti-nbo-ro-un-1520-mvt-ziyod-shud/|url-status=dead}}</ref> In Dushanbe, 990 million kWh were generated in 1980 which reached 1161 million kWh in 1985 but decreased significantly in 2001.<ref name="Dushanbe Encyc-2004d" />

In 2007, there was a major energy crisis because of the cold winter in Dushanbe that rendered Dushanbe's Soviet-era [[List of power stations in Tajikistan|energy system]] ineffective and caused a severe crisis due to lack of heating.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Crisis Looms as Bitter Cold, Blackouts Hit Tajikistan|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=18784716|access-date=2020-09-18|website=NPR.org}}</ref> Since 2007, there have been energy shortages during the winter in Dushanbe.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Fields|first1=Daryl|url=https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/15795/796160PUB0REPL00Box377374B00PUBLIC0.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y|title=Tajikistan's Winter Energy Crisis|last2=Kochnakyan|first2=Artur|last3=Mukhamedova|first3=Takhmina|last4=Stuggins|first4=Gary|last5=Besant-Jones|first5=John|publisher=[[World Bank]]|year=2013|location=Washington D.C.|doi=10.1596/978-0-8213-9967-5|hdl=10986/15795 |isbn=978-0-8213-9967-5}}</ref> In 2009, Tajikistan's energy trade with other countries was suspended, and in 2012, natural gas imports from Uzbekistan were cut off, which further exacerbated the crisis, although the natural gas imports were restored in 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Uzbekistan resumes gas deliveries to Tajikistan {{!}} Eurasianet|url=https://eurasianet.org/uzbekistan-resumes-gas-deliveries-to-tajikistan|access-date=2020-09-18|website=eurasianet.org}}</ref> The [[Nurek Dam|Nurek hydroelectric dam]], as of 2016, provides around 3/4 of the country's power.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Tajikistan Hit By Three-Hour Nationwide Blackout|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/tajikistan-nationwide-blackout-hydro-plant/28081189.html|access-date=2020-09-18|newspaper=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty|date=28 October 2016 }}</ref> New hydroelectric plants are being planned<ref>{{Cite news|title=Tajikistan Experiences Rolling Blackouts Amid Freezing Winter Temperatures|url=https://jamestown.org/program/tajikistan-experiences-rolling-blackouts-amid-freezing-winter-temperatures/|access-date=2020-09-18|website=Jamestown}}</ref> and in 2017, the government proclaimed an end to the rolling blackouts;<ref name="ИМРӮЗ-1520" /> however, in 2020, rolling blackouts continued.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Two streets and two neighborhood units of Tajik capital will be left without electricity for several hours today – Tajikistan News Gazette|url=https://tajikistannewsgazette.com/two-streets-and-two-neighborhood-units-of-tajik-capital-will-be-left-without-electricity-for-several-hours-today/|access-date=2020-11-29|archive-date=12 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201212212438/https://tajikistannewsgazette.com/two-streets-and-two-neighborhood-units-of-tajik-capital-will-be-left-without-electricity-for-several-hours-today/|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Barqi Tojik]] is the major energy producer for the city and produces 75% of the electricity in the country.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Alstom Wins 500 kV Substation Project Using GIS Tech in Tajikistan - The Gazette of Central Asia|url=http://gca.satrapia.com/+alstom-wins-500-kv-substation-project-using-gis-tech-in-tajikistan+|access-date=2020-09-18|website=gca.satrapia.com}}</ref> To alleviate the energy crisis, a second coal plant for the city is planned with extensive Chinese involvement, but has been criticized for pollution and negative environmental effects.<ref name="Bankwatch-2020" />

Varzob's three power plants generated 150 million kWh per year in 2004, and Dushanbe's power supply, built on the idea of a double ring, has an outer ring of power transmission lines from [[Nurek Dam]] to Dushanbe to [[Yovon]] at a voltage of 220&nbsp;kW and an inner ring which covers the perimeter of the city and consists of 110&nbsp;kW power lines.<ref name="Dushanbe Encyc-2004d">{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/65068362|title=Dushanbe : ėnt︠s︡iklopedii︠a︡|publisher=Glavnai︠a︡ nauchnai︠a︡ redakt︠s︡ii︠a︡ Tadzhikskoĭ nat︠s︡ionalʹnoĭ ėnt︠s︡iklopedii|others=Dinorshoev, Muso.|year=2004|isbn=5-89870-071-4|location=Dushanbe|chapter=Economic Outline|oclc=65068362|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101028115236/http://dushanbe.tj/img/ENS.doc|archive-date=28 October 2010}}</ref>

=== Water and sanitation ===
Tajikistan has the highest average annual precipitation in its region, along with numerous rivers, natural lakes (such as [[Karakul (Tajikistan)|Lake Karakul]]), and glaciers. Most of the outdated Dushanbe water system was built during the Soviet era in 1932 and not significantly expanded afterwards even with a rising population.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.acted.org/en/water-in-tajikistan-abundant-yet-challenging/|title=Water in Tajikistan, abundant yet challenging|date=5 December 2017|website=ACTED}}</ref> The Big Gissar Canal was constructed in 1942 and irrigates much of southern Tajikistan and goes from the [[Kofarnihon River|Kofarnihon river]] to the [[Surxondaryo River|Surxondaryo]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-03-13|title=Tajik and Uzbek specialists clear 'Big Gissar Canal'|url=https://dailymailnews.pk/2020/03/14/tajik-and-uzbek-specialists-clear-big-gissar-canal/|access-date=2020-09-27|website=Daily Mail Pakistan}} {{Dead link|date=February 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> As of 2004, the length of the city's water supply network was {{cvt|476|km}} and mainly got its water from the [[Varzob District|Varzob]], [[Kofarnihon River|Kofarnikhon]] and the South-West.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/65068362|title=Dushanbe : ėnt︠s︡iklopedii︠a︡|publisher=Glavnai︠a︡ nauchnai︠a︡ redakt︠s︡ii︠a︡ Tadzhikskoĭ nat︠s︡ionalʹnoĭ ėnt︠s︡iklopedii|others=Dinorshoev, Muso.|year=2004|isbn=5-89870-071-4|location=Dushanbe|chapter=Housing and Utilities|oclc=65068362|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101028115236/http://dushanbe.tj/img/ENS.doc|archive-date=28 October 2010}}</ref> Water is supplied through two ground and two surface water treatment plants.<ref name="CDC-1998">{{Cite journal|last=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)|date=1998-09-18|title=Epidemic typhoid fever--Dushanbe, Tajikistan, 1997|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/23309014|journal=MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report|volume=47|issue=36|pages=752–756|jstor=23309014|issn=0149-2195|pmid=9756457}}</ref> As of 2018, 40% of the city's population did not have access to sewage systems.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-04-28|title=Антимонопольная служба объяснила, почему вода в Душанбе подорожала {{!}} Новости Таджикистана ASIA-Plus|url=https://news.tj/ru/news/tajikistan/economic/20190130/antimonopolnaya-sluzhba-obyasnila-pochemu-voda-v-dushanbe-podorozhala-na-300|access-date=2020-09-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190428130746/https://news.tj/ru/news/tajikistan/economic/20190130/antimonopolnaya-sluzhba-obyasnila-pochemu-voda-v-dushanbe-podorozhala-na-300|archive-date=28 April 2019}}</ref>

=== Parks ===
As of 2020, there are 15 parks in Dushanbe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ҳамаи боғҳои Душанбе дар як харита {{!}} Хабарҳои Тоҷикистон ASIA-Plus|url=https://asiaplustj.info/tj/news/tajikistan/20200831/amai-booi-dushanbe-dar-yak-harita|access-date=2020-09-19|website=asiaplustj.info}}</ref> One of the most well known is Rudaki Park, created in the mid-1930s along with a bronze statue of Lenin.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-12-09|title=Парк "Рудаки"|url=https://diyor.tj/park-rudaki-v-dushanbe/|access-date=2020-09-19|website=Diyor.tj|language=ru|archive-date=18 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918194214/https://diyor.tj/park-rudaki-v-dushanbe/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The park was renovated in 2007.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-12-03|title=ПРЕЗИДЕНТ ТАДЖИКИСТАНА ОТКРОЕТ ПАРК ИМ. РУДАКИ » "Ховар" - Национальное Информационное Агентство Таджикистана|url=http://khovar.tj/rus/archive/398-prezident-tadzhikistana-otkroet-park-im.-rudaki.html|access-date=2020-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203024311/http://khovar.tj/rus/archive/398-prezident-tadzhikistana-otkroet-park-im.-rudaki.html|archive-date=3 December 2013}}</ref> Another park is [[Victory Park, Dushanbe|Victory Park]], which was created in 1975 to commemorate the Great Patriotic War.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/767857578|title=Ėnsiklopedii︠a︡i millii Tojik|others=Qurbonov, A., Amirshoḣī, Nurmuḣammad, Қурбонов, А, Амиршоҳӣ, Нурмуҳаммад|year=2011|isbn=978-99947-33-45-3|location=Dushanbe|oclc=767857578}}</ref> The Botanical Garden of the Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan was founded in 1933, and trees planted then are still prominent in the park. In 2007 a collection of [[folk architecture]] was added the park.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ботанический сад Академии наук Таджикистана|url=https://mvd.tj/index.php/ru/kulturnoe-nasledie/27339-bo-i-markazii-botanikii-to-ikiston-2|access-date=2020-09-19|website=mvd.tj|archive-date=17 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417104944/https://mvd.tj/index.php/ru/kulturnoe-nasledie/27339-bo-i-markazii-botanikii-to-ikiston-2|url-status=dead}}</ref><gallery mode="nolines" widths="190" heights="200" class="center" caption="Parks in Dushanbe">
File:Ustod Rudaki Park and Palace of the Nation in Dushanbe - panoramio.jpg|Rudaki Park with the Palace of the Nation in the background.
File:Лошадь и мельница 01.jpg|Folk architecture area of the botanical gardens
File:Botanical gardens 2 - panoramio.jpg|Dushanbe botanical gardens
File:Российские военнослужащие приняли участие в параде в Таджикистане 02.jpg|A parade in Victory Park
File:World war 2 memorial, victory park (2) - panoramio.jpg|World War 2 memorial in Victory Park
</gallery>

=== Cemeteries ===
[[File:Hammond Slides Dushanbe 08.jpg|thumb|Mausoleum of Sadriddin Ayni]]

There are 5 main and 14 unrecognized cemeteries in Dushanbe.<ref name="asiaplustj-2020b">{{Cite web|title=Сколько захоронено в Душанбе людей и как содержатся столичные кладбища? {{!}} Новости Таджикистана ASIA-Plus|url=https://asiaplustj.info/ru/news/tajikistan/society/20191013/skolko-zahoroneno-v-dushanbe-lyudei-i-kak-soderzhatsya-stolichnie-kladbitsha|access-date=2020-09-19|website=asiaplustj.info}}</ref> One of the 5 mains ones is Mekhrobod, founded in 2013, that consists of 74 acres of primarily tombstones. For a period of 9 months in 2019, 78 people were buried there. Luchob cemetery, also one of the five, uses commemorative [[stele]]s to remember the dead and houses more well-known figures. As of October 2019, 54 people were buried there such as [[Jabbor Rasulov]], [[Bobojon Ghafurov]], [[Muhammad Osimi]], [[Mirzo Tursunzoda|Mirzo Tursunzade]], [[Loiq Sher-Ali|Loik Sherali]], [[Muhammadjon Shakuri]], [[Malika Sobirova|Malika Sabirova]], [[Tuhfa Fozilova|Tufa Fozylova]], and [[Muqadamma Ashrafi|Mukaddima Ashrafi]]. It was founded in 1977 and uses the smallest amount of land of the five.<ref name="asiaplustj-2020b" /> In 2017, the government secretly moved many national figures from Aini park to Luchob cemetery, sparking outrage.<ref>{{Cite news|title='A Park Isn't A Graveyard': Tajikistan Secretly Reburies Remains Of The Elite|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/tajikistan-park-graveyard-remains-reburied/28808001.html|access-date=2020-09-19|newspaper=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty|date=21 October 2017 }}</ref>

Sari Osiyo, founded in 1933, is another one of the five cemeteries. It is one of the oldest in the city and has graves from the late 19th century. For the 9-month period in 2019, 225 were buried here. The Christian cemetery is another one of the five, the least visited although frequented by the [[Russian 201st Military Base|201st Russian division]]. It uses 84.3 hectares of land and saw 197 new graves over the same nine-month period. Shokhmansur is the last of the five main cemeteries and saw 65 burials over the 9-month period.<ref name="asiaplustj-2020b" /> The Jewish cemetery of the city, one of the fourteen unofficial ones, is looked after by the Congress of [[Bukharan Jews|Bukharian Jews]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-11-13|title=The history of the last synagogue in Tajikistan|url=https://cabar.asia/en/the-history-of-the-last-synagogue-in-tajikistan/|access-date=2020-09-19|website=CABAR.asia}}</ref>

=== Healthcare ===
[[File:Big Hospital.jpg|thumb|Istiqlol Medical Complex]]
In 1925, Dushanbe city hospital and the [[ambulance]] system was created, and numerous medical facilities sprung up during the decade. In 1939, an infectious disease hospital was created and in the same year the [[Avicenna Tajik State Medical University|Stalinabad Medical Institute]] was founded. During World War 2 up to the Tajik Civil War, the healthcare system significantly expanded through hospitals and specialized clinics.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/65068362|title=Dushanbe : ėnt︠s︡iklopedii︠a︡|publisher=Glavnai︠a︡ nauchnai︠a︡ redakt︠s︡ii︠a︡ Tadzhikskoĭ nat︠s︡ionalʹnoĭ ėnt︠s︡iklopedii|others=Dinorshoev, Muso.|year=2004|isbn=5-89870-071-4|location=Dushanbe|chapter=Health Care|oclc=65068362|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101028115236/http://dushanbe.tj/img/ENS.doc|archive-date=28 October 2010}}</ref>
[[File:Sanatorium Khodjaobigarm 01.jpg|thumb|Khoja Obi Garm sanatorium]]
[[Health in Tajikistan|Tajikistan's health care system]] is concentrated in Dushanbe.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tajikistan Health system review|url=https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/119691/E94243.pdf|access-date=19 September 2020|archive-date=4 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211104181020/https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/119691/E94243.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> There is a well-developed network of city [[clinic]]s, [[hospital]]s, medical centers, [[maternity hospital]]s, [[orphanage]]s, sanitary and [[Epidemiology|epidemiological]] centers - a total of 62 medical institutions in the city as of spring 2010. These 62 treatment and prevention facilities include 17 hospitals, 2 orphanages, 14 city health centers, 5 dental clinics, 8 centers of sanitary and epidemiological surveillance and disincentives, 12 city branch centers and 4 support centers.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2010-06-09|title=Чархи Гардун|url=http://www.gazeta.tj/index%20vd.htm|access-date=2021-01-16|website=Charkhi Gardun|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100609023654/http://www.gazeta.tj/index%20vd.htm|archive-date=9 June 2010}}</ref> In 2019, the number of hospitals grew to 43.<ref name="Dushanbe-2021a" /> Primary health care for Dushanbe residents (and guests of the city) is provided in 39 institutions (city health centers, [[dental clinic]]s, centers for sanitary and epidemiological surveillance and de-stations, city branch centers).<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-10-09|title=Здравоохранение > Социальная сфера > Официальный сайт Исполнительного органа государственной власти города Душанбе|url=http://dushanbe.tj:80/ru/social/health/|access-date=2021-01-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191009042715/http://dushanbe.tj/ru/social/health/|archive-date=9 October 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

Among the main [[List of hospitals in Tajikistan|medical institutions of Dushanbe]] are specialized republican hospitals and centers, city polyclinics No. 1-5, the city infectious diseases hospital, the children's infectious diseases hospital, and the departmental hospitals of the country's power ministries.<ref>[http://www.yellow-pages.kz/tj/ru/companies/0/000110/ Медицина: лікарні, госпіталі, клініки] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100817015636/http://www.yellow-pages.kz/tj/ru/companies/0/000110/|date=17 серпень 2010}} на [http://www.yellow-pages.kz/tj/ ''www.yellow-pages.kz/tj/'' (Таджикистан: індустріально-комерційний довідник)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140518192329/http://www.yellow-pages.kz/tj/|date=18 травень 2014}} («Жовті сторінки» Таджикистану)</ref> Citizens receive care through their assigned clinics in the city.<ref name="CDC-1998" /> Some hospitals in Dushanbe include the Mansurov Clinic, the Tajik Railways Hospital, the Shifobakhsh National Medical Center, and the Istiqlol Medical Complex.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-06-05|title=Бозгашти беморхонаҳо ба ҳолати муқаррарӣ дар Душанбе|url=https://pressa.tj/tajikistan/bozgashti-bemorhona%d2%b3o-ba-%d2%b3olati-mu%d2%9barrar%d3%a3-dar-dushanbe/|access-date=2020-09-19|website=Pressa.tj|language=tg}}</ref> Khoja Obi Garm, a Soviet-era [[sanatorium]], still is in operation today and uses [[radon]] treatments, among others.<ref>{{Cite web|title=In the Soviet Sanatorium {{!}} Khoja Obi Garm Spa - Koryo Tours|url=https://koryogroup.com/blog/in-the-soviet-sanatorium|access-date=2020-09-19|website=koryogroup.com|date=7 November 2018 }}</ref> Temporary hospitals were established during the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Temporary Hospital for COVID-19 Patients Opened in Dushanbe Today – Tajikistan News Gazette|url=https://tajikistannewsgazette.com/temporary-hospital-for-covid-19-patients-opened-in-dushanbe-today/|access-date=2020-12-07|archive-date=20 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920170446/https://tajikistannewsgazette.com/temporary-hospital-for-covid-19-patients-opened-in-dushanbe-today/|url-status=dead}}</ref>