Editing Coyote (section)

==Relationships with humans==
{{Further|Urban coyote}}

===In folklore and mythology===
{{Main|Coyote (mythology)}}
[[File:Coyoteinacanoe.png|thumb|upright|Coyote paddling in a canoe in [[Edward S. Curtis]]'s ''Indian days of long ago'']]
Coyote features as a [[trickster]] figure and [[skin-walker]] in the folktales of some [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]], notably several nations in the [[Indigenous peoples of the North American Southwest|Southwestern]] and [[Plains Indians|Plains]] regions, where he alternately assumes the form of an actual coyote or that of a man. As with other trickster figures, Coyote acts as a picaresque hero who rebels against social convention through deception and humor.<ref name="watts2006">{{cite book|last= Watts|first=L. S.|year=2006|title=Encyclopedia of American Folklore|publisher=Infobase Publishing|pages=93–94|isbn=978-1-4381-2979-2|oclc=465438817}}</ref> Folklorists such as Harris believe coyotes came to be seen as tricksters due to the animal's intelligence and adaptability.<ref>{{cite book|last=Harris|first=M.|year=1979|title=Cultural Materialism: The Struggle for a Science of Culture|location=New York|publisher=AltaMira Press|pages=200–1|isbn=978-0-7591-0135-7|oclc=47100657|url={{Google books|plainurl=yes|id=8Xc9DMbB5KQC|page=200}}}}</ref> After the European colonization of the Americas, [[Anglo-America]]n depictions of Coyote are of a cowardly and untrustworthy animal.<ref name=Gillespie>{{cite book|first1=Angus K.|last1=Gillespie|first2=Jay|last2=Mechling|year=1987|title=American Wildlife in Symbol and Story|publisher=University of Tennessee Press|pages=[https://archive.org/details/americanwildlife0000unse/page/225 225–230]|isbn=978-0-87049-522-9|oclc=14165533|url=https://archive.org/details/americanwildlife0000unse/page/225}}</ref> Unlike the gray wolf, which has undergone a radical improvement of its public image, Anglo-American cultural attitudes towards the coyote remain largely negative.<ref name=conundrum>{{cite journal|author=Way, J. G. |year=2012 |url=http://www.wolf.org/wolves/news/iwmag/2012/winter/iw2012_coyotewolves.pdf |title=Love wolves and hate coyotes? A conundrum for canid enthusiasts |journal=International Wolf |volume=22 |issue=4 |pages=8–11 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121224225047/http://www.wolf.org/wolves/news/iwmag/2012/winter/iw2012_coyotewolves.pdf |archive-date=December 24, 2012 }}</ref>

In the [[Maidu]] creation story, Coyote introduces work, suffering, and death to the world. [[Zuni people|Zuni]] lore has Coyote bringing winter into the world by stealing light from the [[kachina]]s. The [[Chinookan peoples|Chinook]], Maidu, [[Pawnee people|Pawnee]], [[Tohono O'odham]], and [[Ute people|Ute]] portray the coyote as the companion of [[Creator deity|The Creator]]. A Tohono O'odham [[flood myth|flood story]] has Coyote helping [[Montezuma (mythology)|Montezuma]] survive a global deluge that destroys humanity. After The Creator creates humanity, Coyote and Montezuma teach people how to live. The [[Crow Nation|Crow]] creation story portrays Old Man Coyote as The Creator. In [[Diné Bahaneʼ|The Dineh creation story]], Coyote was present in the First World with First Man and First Woman, though a different version has it being created in the Fourth World. The Navajo Coyote brings death into the world, explaining that without death, too many people would exist, thus no room to plant corn.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Lynch|first1=P. A.|last2=Roberts|first2=J.|year=2010|title=Native American Mythology A to Z |publisher=Infobase Publishing|page=27|isbn=978-1-4381-3311-9|oclc=720592939}}</ref>

[[File:Teotihuacán - Palacio de Atetelco Wandmalerei 3.jpg|thumb|A mural from Atetelco, [[Teotihuacán]] depicting coyote warriors]]
Prior to the [[Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire]], Coyote played a significant role in Mesoamerican cosmology. The coyote symbolized military might in [[Mesoamerican chronology#Classic Era|Classic era]] [[Teotihuacan]], with warriors dressing up in coyote costumes to call upon its predatory power. The species continued to be linked to Central Mexican warrior cults in the centuries leading up to the post-Classic Aztec rule.<ref name="schwartz1998">Schwartz, M. (1998). ''A History of Dogs in the Early Americas''. Yale University Press. pp. 146–149. {{ISBN|978-0-300-07519-9}}.</ref> 

In [[Aztec mythology]], [[Huehuecoyotl|Huehuecóyotl]] (meaning "old coyote"), the god of dance, music and carnality, is depicted in several codices as a man with a coyote's head.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Miller|first1=M. E.|last2=Taube|first2=K. A.|year=1993|title=The Gods and Symbols of Ancient Mexico and the Maya: An Illustrated Dictionary of Mesoamerican Religion|publisher=Thames and Hudson|page=[https://archive.org/details/godssymbolsofa00mill/page/92 92]|isbn=978-0-500-05068-2 |oclc=27667317 |url=https://archive.org/details/godssymbolsofa00mill/page/92}}</ref> He is sometimes depicted as a [[Promiscuity|womanizer]], responsible for bringing war into the world by seducing [[Xochiquetzal]], the goddess of love.<ref>{{cite book|last=Olivier|first=G.|year=2003|title=Mockeries and Metamorphoses of an Aztec God: Tezcatlipoca, "Lord of the Smoking Mirror"|publisher=University Press of Colorado|page=[https://archive.org/details/mockeriesmetamor00guil/page/32 32]|isbn=978-0-87081-745-8|oclc=52334747|url=https://archive.org/details/mockeriesmetamor00guil/page/32}}</ref> [[Epigraphy|Epigrapher]] [[David H. Kelley]] argued that the god Quetzalcoatl owed its origins to pre-Aztec [[Uto-Aztecan languages|Uto-Aztecan]] mythological depictions of the coyote, which is portrayed as mankind's "Elder Brother", a creator, seducer, trickster, and culture hero linked to the morning star.<ref name="kelley1995">{{cite journal|author=Kelley, D. H. |year=1955|title= Quetzalcoatl and his Coyote Origins|journal=El México Antiguo|volume=8|pages=397–416}}</ref>

===Attacks on humans===
{{Main|Coyote attacks on humans}}
[[File:No Feeding.jpg|thumb|A sign discouraging people from feeding coyotes, which can lead to them habituating themselves to human presence, thus increasing the likelihood of attacks]]
Coyote attacks on humans are uncommon and rarely cause serious injuries, due to the relatively small size of the coyote, but have been increasingly frequent, especially in [[California]]. By the middle of the 19th century, the coyote was already marked as an enemy by humans. (Sharp & Hall, 1978 Pg. 41-54) There have been only two confirmed fatal attacks: one on three-year-old [[Kelly Keen coyote attack|Kelly Keen]] in [[Glendale, California]]<ref name="AOH"/> and another on nineteen-year-old singer-songwriter [[Taylor Mitchell]] in [[Nova Scotia]], Canada.<ref>{{cite AV media|date=October 27, 2009|title=Attack in the Wild: Coyote Mystery|medium=documentary|publisher=National Geographic Channel|url=http://natgeotv.com/asia/attack-in-the-wild-coyote-mystery/about|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130626035450/http://natgeotv.com/asia/attack-in-the-wild-coyote-mystery/about|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 26, 2013|access-date=November 5, 2016}}</ref> In the 30 years leading up to March 2006, at least 160 attacks occurred in the United States, mostly in the [[Los Angeles County]] area.<ref name="smithsonian200603">{{cite magazine | url=http://smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/City-Slinkers.html?c=y&story=fullstory | title=City Slinkers | magazine=Smithsonian | date=March 2006 | access-date=June 14, 2012 | author=Dell'Amore, Christine | archive-date=December 20, 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220122714/http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/City-Slinkers.html?c=y&story=fullstory | url-status=dead }}</ref> Data from [[United States Department of Agriculture]] (USDA) [[Wildlife Services]], the California Department of Fish and Game, and other sources show that while 41 attacks occurred during the period of 1988–1997, 48 attacks were verified from 1998 through 2003. The majority of these incidents occurred in Southern California near the suburban-wildland interface.<ref name="AOH">{{cite web| title = Coyote Attacks: An Increasing Suburban Problem|url = http://www.co.san-diego.ca.us/awm/docs/coyoteattacks.pdf |access-date =August 19, 2007 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070926044522/http://www.co.san-diego.ca.us/awm/docs/coyoteattacks.pdf |archive-date = September 26, 2007|date=March 2004}}</ref>

In the absence of the harassment of coyotes practiced by rural people, urban coyotes are losing their fear of humans, which is further worsened by people intentionally or unintentionally feeding coyotes. In such situations, some coyotes have begun to act aggressively toward humans, chasing joggers and bicyclists, confronting people walking their dogs, and stalking small children.<ref name="AOH" /> Albeit rarely, coyotes in these areas have targeted small children, mostly under the age of 10, though some adults have been bitten.<ref name=attacks>{{cite conference |last=Baker|first=Rex O.|title=A Review of Successful Urban Coyote Management Programs Implemented to Prevent or Reduce Attacks on Humans and Pets in Southern California |year=2007 |book-title=Proceedings of the 12th Wildlife Damage Management Conference |pages=382–392|url=http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1057&context=icwdm_wdmconfproc}}</ref>

Although media reports of such attacks generally identify the animals in question as simply "coyotes", research into the genetics of the eastern coyote indicates those involved in attacks in northeast North America, including Pennsylvania, New York, New England, and eastern Canada, may have actually been [[Coywolf|coywolves]], hybrids of ''Canis latrans'' and ''C. lupus,'' not fully coyotes.<ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1098/rsbl.2009.0575 |pmid=19776058|pmc=2817252| title = Rapid adaptive evolution of northeastern coyotes via hybridization with wolves| journal = Biology Letters| volume = 6|issue=1| pages = 89–93| year = 2009| last1 = Kays | first1 = R.| last2 = Curtis | first2 = A.| last3 = Kirchman | first3 = J. J.}}</ref>

===Livestock and pet predation===
[[File:Coyote vs Dog.jpg|thumb|A coyote confronting a dog]]
{{asof|2007}}, coyotes were the most abundant livestock predators in western North America, causing the majority of sheep, goat, and cattle losses.<ref name="CP">{{cite web|title=Coyote Predation – Description |url= http://texnat.tamu.edu/ranchref/predator/coyote/t-coyote.htm |access-date=August 19, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070806144513/http://texnat.tamu.edu/ranchref/predator/coyote/t-coyote.htm |archive-date=August 6, 2007}}</ref> For example, according to the [[National Agricultural Statistics Service]], coyotes were responsible for 60.5% of the 224,000 sheep deaths attributed to predation in 2004.<ref>{{cite report| date=May 6, 2005|title =Sheep and Goats Death Loss |publisher=[[National Agricultural Statistics Service]] |url=https://downloads.usda.library.cornell.edu/usda-esmis/files/hh63sv88v/xk81jp327/9g54xm03j/sgdl-05-06-2005.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190122144925/https://downloads.usda.library.cornell.edu/usda-esmis/files/hh63sv88v/xk81jp327/9g54xm03j/sgdl-05-06-2005.pdf |archive-date=2019-01-22 |url-status=live |access-date=2020-11-27}}</ref><ref>{{Cite report| date=May 27, 2010| title=Sheep and Goats Death Loss |publisher=[[National Agricultural Statistics Service]] |url=https://downloads.usda.library.cornell.edu/usda-esmis/files/hh63sv88v/mc87pt05z/jw827f62b/sgdl-05-27-2010.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190609151845/https://downloads.usda.library.cornell.edu/usda-esmis/files/hh63sv88v/mc87pt05z/jw827f62b/sgdl-05-27-2010.pdf |archive-date=2019-06-09 |url-status=live |access-date=2020-11-27}}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=November 2020}} The total number of sheep deaths in 2004 comprised 2.22% of the total sheep and lamb population in the United States,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/nahms/sheep/downloads/sheepdeath/SheepDeathLoss2015.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403065109/https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/nahms/sheep/downloads/sheepdeath/SheepDeathLoss2015.pdf |archive-date=2016-04-03 |url-status=live |year=2015|title=Sheep and Lamb Predator and Nonpredator Death Loss in the United States, 2015 |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture|access-date=July 1, 2016}}</ref> which, according to the National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA report, totaled 4.66&nbsp;million and 7.80&nbsp;million heads respectively as of July 1, 2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://downloads.usda.library.cornell.edu/usda-esmis/files/7s75dc38h/sj139487n/f7623g296/Shee-07-22-2005.txt |title=Sheep and lamb inventory |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |access-date=February 1, 2010 }}</ref> 

Because coyote populations are typically many times greater and more widely distributed than those of wolves, coyotes cause more overall predation losses. United States government agents routinely shoot, poison, trap, and kill about 90,000 coyotes each year to protect livestock.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna31880990 |title=Controlling wily coyotes? Still no easy answers |work=NBC News|date=December 7, 2009 |access-date=September 14, 2013}}</ref> An Idaho census taken in 2005 showed that individual coyotes were 5% as likely to attack livestock as individual wolves.<ref name="relative">{{cite journal |last1=Collinge |first1=Mark |year=2008 |url=http://naldc-legacy.nal.usda.gov/naldc/download.xhtml?id=27917 |title=Relative risks of predation on livestock posed by individual wolves, black bears, mountain lions and coyotes in Idaho |journal=Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference |first2=R. M. |last2=Timm |first3=M. B. |last3=Madon |pages=129–133 |access-date=December 29, 2018 |archive-date=April 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210427201415/https://naldc-legacy.nal.usda.gov/naldc/download.xhtml?id=27917 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In Utah, more than 11,000 coyotes were killed for bounties totaling over $500,000 in the fiscal year ending June 30, 2017.<ref name=utah/>

[[Livestock guardian dog]]s are commonly used to aggressively repel predators and have worked well in both fenced pasture and range operations.<ref name=AIB588>{{cite web|title=Livestock Protection Dogs|date=October 2010|url=https://www.aphis.usda.gov/publications/wildlife_damage/content/printable_version/fs_livestock_protection.pdf|publisher=Wildlife Services|access-date=July 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160909143007/https://www.aphis.usda.gov/publications/wildlife_damage/content/printable_version/fs_livestock_protection.pdf|archive-date=September 9, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> A 1986 survey of sheep producers in the USA found that 82% reported the use of dogs represented an economic asset.<ref name=LGDfact>{{cite web|title=Livestock guarding dogs fact sheet|url=http://www.lgd.org/usdafacts.html|publisher=Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service United States Department of Agriculture|access-date=April 3, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324172301/http://www.lgd.org/usdafacts.html|archive-date=March 24, 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Re-wilding cattle, which involves increasing the natural protective tendencies of cattle, is a method for controlling coyotes discussed by [[Temple Grandin]] of Colorado State University.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://beefmagazine.com/pasture-range/experts-say-ranching-done-right-improves-environment-and-wildlife-habitat|title=Experts say ranching done right improves the environment and wildlife habitat |last=Grandin |first=Temple |date=2015-02-26|work=Beef Magazine|access-date=2017-12-30}}</ref> This method is gaining popularity among producers who allow their herds to calve on the range and whose cattle graze open pastures throughout the year.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://kansas-grass-fed.com/bred-cows-bred-heifers-feeder-calves-products-in-the-pipeline/|title=Bred Cows, Bred Heifers, Feeder Calves|date=2016-10-04|work=Rhino's Beef & Farm Raised Aussies|access-date=2017-12-30}}</ref>

[[File:coyote with typical hold on lamb.jpg|thumb|right|A coyote with a typical throat hold on a domestic sheep]]
Coyotes typically [[Throat clamp|bite the throat]] just behind the jaw and below the ear when attacking adult sheep or goats, with death commonly resulting from suffocation. Blood loss is usually a secondary cause of death. Calves and heavily fleeced sheep are killed by attacking the flanks or hindquarters, causing shock and blood loss. When attacking smaller prey, such as young lambs, the kill is made by biting the skull and spinal regions, causing massive tissue and bone damage. Small or young prey may be completely carried off, leaving only blood as evidence of a kill. Coyotes usually leave the hide and most of the skeleton of larger animals relatively intact, unless food is scarce, in which case they may leave only the largest bones. Scattered bits of wool, skin, and other parts are characteristic where coyotes feed extensively on larger carcasses.<ref name="CP" />

Tracks are an important factor in distinguishing coyote from dog predation. Coyote tracks tend to be more oval-shaped and compact than those of domestic dogs, and their claw marks are less prominent and the tracks tend to follow a straight line more closely than those of dogs. With the exception of [[sighthound]]s, most dogs of similar weight to coyotes have a slightly shorter stride.<ref name="CP" /> Coyote kills can be distinguished from wolf kills by less damage to the underlying tissues in the former. Also, coyote scat tends to be smaller than wolf scat.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://animalrangeextension.montana.edu/wildlife/documents/wolf_depredation.pdf |year=2006 |title=Ranchers' Guide to Wolf Depredation |publisher=Montana State University |access-date=July 1, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130409223159/http://animalrangeextension.montana.edu/articles/wildlife/wolf_depredation.htm |archive-date=April 9, 2013 |url-status=unfit}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Coping With Coyotes: Management Alternatives for Minimizing Livestock Losses|url=http://oaktrust.library.tamu.edu/bitstream/handle/1969.1/87812/pdf_91.pdf?sequence=1 |first=Dale|last=Rollins|publisher=Texas Agricultural Extension Service|pages=4–7|access-date=November 5, 2016}}</ref>

Coyotes are often attracted to [[dog food]] and animals that are small enough to appear as prey. Items such as garbage, pet food, and sometimes feeding stations for birds and squirrels attract coyotes into backyards. About three to five pets attacked by coyotes are brought into the Animal Urgent Care hospital of [[South Orange County]] (California) each week, the majority of which are dogs, since cats typically do not survive the attacks.<ref name="AOP">{{cite web|title=For coyotes, pets are prey |work=Greg Hardesty |publisher=Orange County Register |url=http://www.ocregister.com/ocr/sections/news/focus_in_depth/article_508026.php |date=May 5, 2005 |author=Hardesty, Greg |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070715134302/http://www.ocregister.com/ocr/sections/news/focus_in_depth/article_508026.php |archive-date=July 15, 2007 }}</ref> Scat analysis collected near [[Claremont, California]], revealed that coyotes relied heavily on pets as a food source in winter and spring.<ref name="AOH"/> 

At one location in Southern California, coyotes began relying on a colony of [[feral cat]]s as a food source. Over time, the coyotes killed most of the cats and then continued to eat the cat food placed daily at the colony site by people who were maintaining the cat colony.<ref name="AOH" />
Coyotes usually attack smaller-sized dogs, but they have been known to attack even large, powerful breeds such as the [[Rottweiler]] in exceptional cases.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130526200405/http://www4.whdh.com/news/articles/local/BO52127/ "A coyote attacks in Weymouth and kills a dog"]. WHDH-TV – New England News. May 14, 2007</ref> Dogs larger than coyotes, such as [[greyhound]]s, are generally able to drive them off and have been known to kill coyotes.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/26/sports/26greyhounds.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220101/https://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/26/sports/26greyhounds.html |archive-date=2022-01-01 |url-access=limited|title=Coyote vs. Greyhound: The Battle Lines Are Drawn |first=Juliet|last=Macur|year=2010|access-date=July 3, 2016|newspaper=New York Times}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Smaller breeds are more likely to suffer injury or death.<ref name=attacks/>

=== Hunting ===
[[File:Coyote Tracks.jpg|thumb|Coyote tracks compared to those of the domestic dog]]
Coyote hunting is one of the most common forms of predator hunting that humans partake in. There are not many regulations with regard to the taking of the coyote which means there are many different methods that can be used to hunt the animal. The most common forms are [[trapping]], [[Imitation|calling]], and [[Dog|hound]] hunting.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.outdoorlife.com/coyote-nation-crash-course-in-coyote-hunting/|title=Coyote Nation: A Crash Course in Coyote Hunting|website=Outdoor Life|date=January 23, 2019|access-date=2019-12-22}}</ref> Since coyotes are colorblind, seeing only in shades of gray and subtle blues, open camouflages and plain patterns can be used. As the average male coyote weighs 8 to 20&nbsp;kg (18 to 44&nbsp;lbs) and the average female coyote 7 to 18&nbsp;kg (15 to 40&nbsp;lbs), a universal projectile that can perform between those weights is the [[.223 Remington]], so that the projectile expands in the target after entry, but before the exit, thus delivering the most energy.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Coyote Nation: A Crash Course in Coyote Hunting|url=https://www.outdoorlife.com/coyote-nation-crash-course-in-coyote-hunting/|website=Outdoor Life|date=January 23, 2019|access-date=2020-05-07}}</ref> 

Coyotes being the light and agile animals they are, they often leave a very light impression on terrain. The coyote's footprint is oblong, approximately 6.35&nbsp;cm (2.5-inches) long and 5.08&nbsp;cm (2-inches) wide. There are four claws in both their front and hind paws. The coyote's center pad is relatively shaped like that of a rounded triangle. Like the domestic dog the coyote's front paw is slightly larger than the hind paw. The coyote's paw is most similar to that of the domestic dog.<ref>{{Cite web|title=How to Identify Coyote Tracks|url=http://www.wildlifelandtrust.org/wildlife/diy-activities/how-to-identify-coyote-tracks.html |website=Wildlife Land Trust|access-date=2020-05-10}}</ref>

The hunting of coyotes often results in grey wolves being shot in places where the two species still coexist, as a result of mistaken identity.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Newsome |first=Thomas M. |last2=Bruskotter |first2=Jeremy T. |last3=Ripple |first3=William J. |date=November 2015 |title=When shooting a coyote kills a wolf: Mistaken identity or misguided management? |url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10531-015-0999-0 |journal=Biodiversity and Conservation |language=en |volume=24 |issue=12 |pages=3145–3149 |doi=10.1007/s10531-015-0999-0 |issn=0960-3115}}</ref>

===Fur uses===
[[File:Canis latrans (Kanada) fur skin.jpg|thumb|upright|Fur of a Canadian coyote]]
Prior to the mid-19th century, coyote fur was considered worthless. This changed with the diminution of [[North American beaver|beaver]]s, and by 1860, the hunting of coyotes for their fur became a great source of income (75 [[Penny (United States coin)|cent]]s to [[United States dollar|$]]1.50 per skin) for [[wolfers (hunting)|wolfers]] in the [[Great Plains]]. Coyote pelts were of significant economic importance during the early 1950s, ranging in price from $5 to $25 per pelt, depending on locality.<ref name="young115">{{Harvnb|Young|Jackson|1978|pp=115–116}}</ref> The coyote's fur is not durable enough to make rugs,<ref name="ern816">{{Harvnb|Seton|1909|p=816}}</ref> but can be used for coats and jackets, scarves, or muffs. The majority of pelts are used for making [[Trim (sewing)|trimming]]s, such as coat collars and sleeves for women's clothing. Coyote fur is sometimes dyed black as imitation [[Silver fox (animal)|silver fox]].<ref name="young115"/>

Coyotes were occasionally eaten by trappers and mountain men during the [[Manifest destiny|western expansion]]. Coyotes sometimes featured in the feasts of the [[Plains Indians]], and coyote pups were eaten by the indigenous people of [[San Gabriel, California]]. The taste of coyote meat has been likened to that of the wolf and is more tender than [[pork]] when boiled. Coyote fat, when taken in the fall, has been used on occasion to grease leather or eaten as a [[Spread (food)|spread]].<ref name="young119">{{Harvnb|Young|Jackson|1978|pp=119–21}}</ref>

===Tameability===
Coyotes were likely semidomesticated by various pre-Columbian cultures. Some 19th-century writers wrote of coyotes being kept in native villages in the Great Plains. The coyote is easily tamed as a pup, but can become destructive as an adult.<ref name="young64">{{Harvnb|Young|Jackson|1978|pp=64–9}}</ref> Both full-blooded and hybrid coyotes can be playful and confiding with their owners, but are suspicious and shy of strangers,<ref name="young121"/> though coyotes being tractable enough to be used for practical purposes like [[Retriever|retrieving]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Schultz|first=J. W.|year=1962|title=Blackfeet and Buffalo: Memories of Life Among the Indians|publisher=University of Oklahoma Press|pages=141–3|isbn=978-0-8061-1700-3|oclc=248716|url={{Google books|plainurl=yes|id=DgVBVTrDEpAC|page=143}}}}</ref> and [[Pointing breed|pointing]] have been recorded.<ref>{{cite news|last=Etter|first=J. |date=February 15, 1998|url=https://www.oklahoman.com/story/news/1998/02/15/coyote-blends-in-as-best-bird-dog-for-durham-man/62291484007/ |title=Coyote Blends in as Best Bird Dog for Durham Man|newspaper=[[The Oklahoman]]|access-date=July 1, 2016}}</ref> A tame coyote named "Butch", caught in the summer of 1945, had a short-lived career in [[Film|cinema]], appearing in ''[[Smoky (1946 film)|Smoky]]'' (1946) and ''[[Ramrod (film)|Ramrod]]'' (1947) before being shot while raiding a henhouse.<ref name="young64"/>