Editing Cosmic microwave background (section)

==== Primordial gravitational waves ====
Models of "slow-roll" [[cosmic inflation]] in the [[early universe]] predicts primordial [[gravitational waves]] that would impact the polarisation of the cosmic microwave background, creating a specific pattern of B-mode polarization. Detection of this pattern would support the theory of inflation and their strength can confirm and exclude different models of inflation.<ref name=SeljakSignature/><ref name="KamionkowskiReview">{{Cite journal |last1=Kamionkowski |first1=Marc |last2=Kovetz |first2=Ely D. |date=2016-09-19 |title=The Quest for B Modes from Inflationary Gravitational Waves |url=https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev-astro-081915-023433 |journal=Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics |language=en |volume=54 |issue=1 |pages=227–269 |doi=10.1146/annurev-astro-081915-023433 |issn=0066-4146|arxiv=1510.06042 |bibcode=2016ARA&A..54..227K }}</ref>
Claims that this characteristic pattern of B-mode polarization had been measured by [[BICEP and Keck Array|BICEP2]] instrument<ref name="NYT-20140922"/> were later attributed to [[cosmic dust]] due to new results of the [[Planck (spacecraft)|Planck experiment]].<ref name="AXV-20140919">{{Cite journal |author=Planck Collaboration Team |title=Planck intermediate results. XXX. The angular power spectrum of polarized dust emission at intermediate and high Galactic latitudes |date=9 February 2016 |arxiv=1409.5738 | journal = Astronomy & Astrophysics | volume = 586 |issue=133 | doi = 10.1051/0004-6361/201425034 | pages=A133 | bibcode=2016A&A...586A.133P|s2cid=9857299 }}<!--|access-date=22 September 2014 --></ref><ref name="KamionkowskiReview"/>{{rp|253}}