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==Epidemiology== [[File:Ischaemic heart disease world map-Deaths per million persons-WHO2012.svg|thumb|upright=1.3|Deaths due to ischaemic heart disease per million persons in 2012 {{Div col|small=yes|colwidth=10em}}{{legend|#ffff20|160β288}}{{legend|#ffe820|289β379}}{{legend|#ffd820|380β460}}{{legend|#ffc020|461β576}}{{legend|#ffa020|577β691}}{{legend|#ff9a20|692β894}}{{legend|#f08015|895β1,068}}{{legend|#e06815|1,069β1,443}}{{legend|#d85010|1,444β2,368}}{{legend|#d02010|2,369β7,233}}{{div col end}}]] [[File:Ischaemic heart disease world map - DALY - WHO2004.svg|thumb|upright=1.3|[[Disability-adjusted life year]] for ischaemic heart disease per 100,000 inhabitants in 2004.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/estimates_country/en/index.html|title=WHO Disease and injury country estimates|year=2009|website=World Health Organization|access-date=11 November 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091111101009/http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/estimates_country/en/index.html|archive-date=11 November 2009}}</ref>{{Div col|small=yes|colwidth=10em}} {{legend|#b3b3b3|no data}} {{legend|#ffff65|<350}} {{legend|#fff200|350β700}} {{legend|#ffdc00|700β1,050}} {{legend|#ffc600|1,050β1,400}} {{legend|#ffb000|1,400β1,750}} {{legend|#ff9a00|1,750β2,100}} {{legend|#ff8400|2,100β2,450}} {{legend|#ff6e00|2,450β2,800}} {{legend|#ff5800|2,800β3,150}} {{legend|#ff4200|3,150β3,500}} {{legend|#ff2c00|3,500β4,000}} {{legend|#cb0000|>4,000}} {{div col end}}]] As of 2010, CAD was the leading cause of death globally resulting in over 7 million deaths.<ref name=Loz2012/> This increased from 5.2 million deaths from CAD worldwide in 1990.<ref name="Loz2012">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, Lim S, Shibuya K, Aboyans V, Abraham J, Adair T, Aggarwal R, Ahn SY, Alvarado M, Anderson HR, Anderson LM, Andrews KG, Atkinson C, Baddour LM, Barker-Collo S, Bartels DH, Bell ML, Benjamin EJ, Bennett D, Bhalla K, Bikbov B, Bin Abdulhak A, Birbeck G, Blyth F, Bolliger I, Boufous S, Bucello C, Burch M, Burney P, Carapetis J, Chen H, Chou D, Chugh SS, Coffeng LE, Colan SD, Colquhoun S, Colson KE, Condon J, Connor MD, Cooper LT, Corriere M, Cortinovis M, de Vaccaro KC, Couser W, Cowie BC, Criqui MH, Cross M, Dabhadkar KC, Dahodwala N, De Leo D, Degenhardt L, Delossantos A, Denenberg J, Des Jarlais DC, Dharmaratne SD, Dorsey ER, Driscoll T, Duber H, Ebel B, Erwin PJ, Espindola P, Ezzati M, Feigin V, Flaxman AD, Forouzanfar MH, Fowkes FG, Franklin R, Fransen M, Freeman MK, Gabriel SE, Gakidou E, Gaspari F, Gillum RF, Gonzalez-Medina D, Halasa YA, Haring D, Harrison JE, Havmoeller R, Hay RJ, Hoen B, Hotez PJ, Hoy D, Jacobsen KH, James SL, Jasrasaria R, Jayaraman S, Johns N, Karthikeyan G, Kassebaum N, Keren A, Khoo JP, Knowlton LM, Kobusingye O, Koranteng A, Krishnamurthi R, Lipnick M, Lipshultz SE, Ohno SL, Mabweijano J, MacIntyre MF, Mallinger L, March L, Marks GB, Marks R, Matsumori A, Matzopoulos R, Mayosi BM, McAnulty JH, McDermott MM, McGrath J, Mensah GA, Merriman TR, Michaud C, Miller M, Miller TR, Mock C, Mocumbi AO, Mokdad AA, Moran A, Mulholland K, Nair MN, Naldi L, Narayan KM, Nasseri K, Norman P, O'Donnell M, Omer SB, Ortblad K, Osborne R, Ozgediz D, Pahari B, Pandian JD, Rivero AP, Padilla RP, Perez-Ruiz F, Perico N, Phillips D, Pierce K, Pope CA, Porrini E, Pourmalek F, Raju M, Ranganathan D, Rehm JT, Rein DB, Remuzzi G, Rivara FP, Roberts T, De LeΓ³n FR, Rosenfeld LC, Rushton L, Sacco RL, Salomon JA, Sampson U, Sanman E, Schwebel DC, Segui-Gomez M, Shepard DS, Singh D, Singleton J, Sliwa K, Smith E, Steer A, Taylor JA, Thomas B, Tleyjeh IM, Towbin JA, Truelsen T, Undurraga EA, Venketasubramanian N, Vijayakumar L, Vos T, Wagner GR, Wang M, Wang W, Watt K, Weinstock MA, Weintraub R, Wilkinson JD, Woolf AD, Wulf S, Yeh PH, Yip P, Zabetian A, Zheng ZJ, Lopez AD, Murray CJ, AlMazroa MA, Memish ZA | display-authors = 6 | title = Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 | journal = Lancet | volume = 380 | issue = 9859 | pages = 2095β128 | date = December 2012 | pmid = 23245604 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0 | pmc = 10790329 | hdl-access = free | s2cid = 1541253 | hdl = 10536/DRO/DU:30050819 | url = https://repozitorij.upr.si/Dokument.php?id=7123&dn= }}<!--|access-date=26 October 2015--></ref> It may affect individuals at any age but becomes dramatically more common at progressively older ages, with approximately a tripling with each decade of life.<ref name="Finegold">{{cite journal | vauthors = Finegold JA, Asaria P, Francis DP | title = Mortality from ischaemic heart disease by country, region, and age: statistics from World Health Organisation and United Nations | journal = International Journal of Cardiology | volume = 168 | issue = 2 | pages = 934β45 | date = September 2013 | pmid = 23218570 | pmc = 3819990 | doi = 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.10.046 }}<!--|access-date=26 October 2015--></ref> Males are affected more often than females.<ref name=Finegold/> The [[World Health Organization]] reported that: "The world's biggest killer is ischemic heart disease, responsible for 13% of the world's total deaths. Since 2000, the largest increase in deaths has been for this disease, rising by 2.7 million to 9.1 million deaths in 2021."<ref>{{Cite web |title=The top 10 causes of death |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/the-top-10-causes-of-death |access-date=2024-08-12 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref> It is estimated that 60% of the world's cardiovascular disease burden will occur in the South Asian subcontinent despite only accounting for 20% of the world's population. This may be secondary to a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors. Organizations such as the [[Indian Heart Association]] are working with the [[World Heart Federation]] to raise awareness about this issue.<ref name="Indian Heart">[http://indianheartassociation.org/why-indians-why-south-asians/overview Indian Heart Association Why South Asians Facts] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518111218/http://indianheartassociation.org/why-indians-why-south-asians/overview/ |date=18 May 2015 }}, 29 April 2015; accessed 26 October 2015.</ref> Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death for both males and females and accounts for approximately 600,000 deaths in the United States every year.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kochanek KD, Xu J, Murphy SL, MiniΓ±o AM, Kung HC | title = Deaths: final data for 2009 | journal = National Vital Statistics Reports | volume = 60 | issue = 3 | pages = 1β116 | date = December 2011 | pmid = 24974587 | url = https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr60/nvsr60_03.pdf }}</ref> According to present trends in the United States, half of healthy 40-year-old males will develop CAD in the future, and one in three healthy 40-year-old females.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Rosamond W, Flegal K, Friday G, Furie K, Go A, Greenlund K, Haase N, Ho M, Howard V, Kissela B, Kissela B, Kittner S, Lloyd-Jones D, McDermott M, Meigs J, Moy C, Nichol G, O'Donnell CJ, Roger V, Rumsfeld J, Sorlie P, Steinberger J, Thom T, Wasserthiel-Smoller S, Hong Y | display-authors = 6 | title = Heart disease and stroke statisticsβ2007 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee | journal = Circulation | volume = 115 | issue = 5 | pages = e69β171 | date = February 2007 | pmid = 17194875 | doi = 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.179918 | doi-access = free }}</ref> It is the most common reason for death of males and females over 20 years of age in the United States.<ref name=AHA>{{Cite web |title=Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics {{!}} American Heart Association (AHA)|url=http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=3000090 |year=2007 |access-date=2023-12-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081220112752/http://www.americanheart.org:80/presenter.jhtml?identifier=3000090 |archive-date=2008-12-20}}</ref> After analysing data from 2 111 882 patients, the recent meta-analysis revealed that the incidence of coronary artery diseases in breast cancer survivors was 4.29 (95% CI 3.09β5.94) per 1000 person-years.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Galimzhanov |first1=Akhmetzhan |last2=Istanbuly |first2=Sedralmontaha |last3=Tun |first3=Han Naung |last4=Ozbay |first4=Benay |last5=Alasnag |first5=Mirvat |last6=Ky |first6=Bonnie |last7=Lyon |first7=Alexander R |last8=Kayikcioglu |first8=Meral |last9=Tenekecioglu |first9=Erhan |last10=Panagioti |first10=Maria |last11=Kontopantelis |first11=Evangelos |last12=Abdel-Qadir |first12=Husam |last13=Mamas |first13=Mamas A |date=2023-07-27 |title=Cardiovascular outcomes in breast cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis |url=https://academic.oup.com/eurjpc/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurjpc/zwad243/7232455 |journal=European Journal of Preventive Cardiology |volume=30 |issue=18 |pages=2018β31 |language=en |doi=10.1093/eurjpc/zwad243 |pmid=37499186 |issn=2047-4873|doi-access=free }}</ref>
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