Editing Christian eschatology (section)

===The abomination of desolation===
{{Main|Abomination of desolation}}
The abomination of desolation (or desolating sacrilege) is a term found in the [[Hebrew Bible]], in the [[book of Daniel]]. The term is used by [[Jesus Christ]] in the [[Olivet Discourse]], according to both the [[Gospel of Matthew]] and the [[Gospel of Mark]]. In the Matthew account, Jesus is presented as quoting Daniel explicitly.

: Matthew 24:15–26 ([[English Standard Version|ESV]]) "So when you see the abomination of desolation spoken of by the prophet Daniel, standing in the holy place (let the reader understand), then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains."

: Mark 13:14 (ESV) "But when you see the abomination of desolation standing where it ought not to be (let the reader understand), then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains."

This verse in the Olivet Discourse also occurs in the [[Gospel of Luke]].
: Luke 21:20–21 (ESV) "But when you see Jerusalem surrounded by armies, then know that its desolation has come near. Then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains{{nbsp}}..."

Many biblical scholars<ref>{{cite book |last=McNeile |first=A. H. |url=http://www.katapi.org.uk/NTIntro/SynopGospel2.htm#IVIntEv |title=An Introduction to the Study of the New Testament |publisher=University Press |year=1927 |location=Oxford |pages=Chap. II part 2 The Synoptic Gospels – 2. Date |no-pp=true}}</ref> conclude that Matthew 24:15 and Mark 13:14 are [[vaticinium ex eventu|prophecies after the event]] about the [[siege of Jerusalem (70)|siege of Jerusalem]] in AD 70 by the Roman general [[Titus]]<ref>Matt 23:37–38; Matt 24:1–2,15-21; Luke 13:34–35; Luke 21:20–21</ref> (see [[Gospel of Mark#Date|Dating of the Gospel of Mark]]).

[[Preterism|Preterist Christian]] commentators believe that Jesus quoted this prophecy in Mark 13:14 as referring to an event in his "1st century disciples'" immediate future, specifically the pagan Roman forces during the [[siege of Jerusalem (70)|siege of Jerusalem in 70 AD]].<ref>[[Craig Blomberg]], Jesus and the Gospels, Apollos 1997, pp. 322–326</ref><ref>[[N. T. Wright]], Jesus and the Victory of God, Fortress 1996, pp. 348ff.</ref>

[[Futurism (Christian eschatology)|Futurist Christians]] consider the "Abomination of Desolation" prophecy of Daniel mentioned by Jesus in Matthew 24:15<ref>{{bibleverse||Matthew|24:15|NKJV}}</ref> and Mark 13:14<ref>{{bibleverse||Mark|13:14|NKJV}}</ref> as referring to an event in the end time future, after the removal of the "[[Katechon|one who now restrains]]", when a 7-year peace treaty will be signed between Israel and a world ruler called "[[Man of sin|the man of lawlessness]]", or the "[[Antichrist]]" affirmed by the writings of the Apostle Paul in [[2 Thessalonians]].

Other scholars conclude that the Abomination of Desolation refers to the Crucifixion,<ref>Peter G. Bolt, ''The Cross from a Distance: Atonement in Mark's Gospel'', [[New Studies in Biblical Theology]], Downers Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press, 2004. p. 18.</ref> an attempt by the emperor Hadrian to erect a statue to Jupiter in the Jewish temple,<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Synoptic Apocalypse (Mark 13 par): A document from the time of Bar Kokhba|journal=Journal of Higher Criticism|date=Fall 2000|first=Hermann|last=Detering|volume=7|issue=2|pages=161–210|url=http://www.radikalkritik.de/Mk13%20JHC.pdf|access-date=2008-01-14|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080227161050/http://www.radikalkritik.de/Mk13%20JHC.pdf|archive-date=2008-02-27}}</ref> or an attempt by Caligula to have a statue depicting him as Zeus built in the temple.<ref>''The Crisis Under Gaius Caligula'', Harvard University Press, 1976, {{ISBN|0-674-39731-2}}. pp. 254–256:</ref>