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==== Temperatures, humidity, and sunshine ==== Although temperatures as warm as {{cvt|32.1|C|F}} have been recorded on Pico, neither Ponta Delgada nor Angra do Heroísmo, the two largest cities, have ever been warmer than {{cvt|30|C|F}}. No snowfall or temperatures below {{cvt|0|C}} have been recorded at sea level on any of the islands.<ref name="IPMA Flores">{{cite web|url= https://www.ipma.pt/bin/file.data/climate-normal/cn_71-00_FLORES.pdf|title=Normais climatológicas 1971-2000>Flores |access-date=19 May 2025|publisher=Instituto de Meteorologia}}</ref><ref name="IPMA Angra">{{cite web|url= https://www.ipma.pt/bin/file.data/climate-normal/cn_71-00_ANGRA_DO_HEROISMO.pdf|title=Normais climatológicas 1971-2000>Terceira |access-date=19 May 2025|publisher=Instituto de Meteorologia}}</ref><ref name="IPMA Ponta Delgada">{{cite web|url= https://www.ipma.pt/bin/file.data/climate-normal/cn_71-00_PONTA_DELGADA_SAO_MIGUEL.pdf|title=Normais climatológicas 1971-2000>Ponta Delgada |access-date=19 May 2025|publisher=Instituto de Meteorologia}}</ref> The coldest weather in winter usually comes from northwesterly [[air mass]]es originating from [[Labrador]] in Canada. However, since those air masses are warmed up as they pass across the warmer Atlantic Ocean, temperatures by day even then exceed {{cvt|10|C|F}}. The average [[relative humidity]] can range from 80% at the coast to over 90% above {{cvt|400|m}}. However, higher elevations above the [[planetary boundary layer]] can experience extremely low values close to 10%.<ref name="enciclopedia" /> Summers are especially humid in August and may increase the perceived temperature by a few degrees. Winters are not only very mild but also very humid and contribute substantially to the annual precipitation.<ref>{{cite web |title=Average Weather in Horta Portugal |url=https://weatherspark.com/y/31452/Average-Weather-in-Horta-Portugal-Year-Round |publisher=weatherspark.com |access-date=1 February 2021 |archive-date=6 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206191328/https://weatherspark.com/y/31452/Average-Weather-in-Horta-Portugal-Year-Round |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Insolation]] is relatively low, with 35–40% of the total possible value for sunshine, and higher in topographically lower islands such as [[Graciosa]] or [[Santa Maria Island|Santa Maria]], inversely proportional to precipitation. This is directly caused by the [[orographic lift]] of humid air masses and is especially pronounced in islands marked by high [[orography]].<ref name="enciclopedia">{{cite web |title=Clima |language=pt |publisher=Enciclopédia Açoriana |url=http://www.culturacores.azores.gov.pt/ea/pesquisa/Default.aspx?id=1903 |access-date=5 July 2021 |archive-date=9 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709184526/http://www.culturacores.azores.gov.pt/ea/pesquisa/Default.aspx?id=1903 |url-status=live }}</ref> {{climate chart | [[Flores Airport]], [[Flores Island, Azores|Flores]] |11.9|17.0|197.1 |11.5|16.7|171.3 |12.0|17.1|155.0 |12.7|18.0|104.4 |14.2|19.5|105.6 |16.2|21.8|97.3 |18.8|24.6|60.6 |19.8|25.7|68.0 |18.8|24.4|123.9 |16.5|21.8|179.5 |14.4|19.3|179.6 |12.8|17.8|223.9 |float=left |clear=right }} {{climate chart | [[Angra do Heroísmo]], [[Terceira Island|Terceira]] |12.0|16.2|107.6 |11.5|16.1|110.1 |11.9|16.5|107.8 |12.4|17.3|85.7 |13.7|18.8|72.3 |15.8|21.1|55.2 |18.1|23.9|29.1 |19.1|25.1|48.3 |18.5|24.0|89.7 |16.4|21.3|115.6 |14.2|18.7|122.8 |12.7|17.0|155.1 |float=left |clear=right }} {{climate chart | [[Santa Maria Airport (Azores)|Santa Maria Airport]], [[Santa Maria Island|Santa Maria]] |12.0|16.8|86.4 |11.5|16.6|71.8 |12.2|17.2|64.7 |12.6|18.0|56.3 |13.9|19.5|38.8 |16.1|21.6|21.7 |18.2|24.1|25.9 |19.4|25.3|36.8 |18.7|24.5|59.7 |16.8|22.0|77.0 |14.8|19.6|112.7 |13.2|18.0|77.7 |float=left |clear=right }} {{clear|left}}
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