Editing Amedeo Modigliani (section)

===Forgeries===
Modigliani is one of the most faked artists in the world.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Esterow|first1=Milton|date=2005-06-01|title=The 10 Most Faked Artists|url=https://www.artnews.com/art-news/news/the-10-most-faked-artists-119/|access-date=2021-03-20|website=ARTnews.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=The dangerous, fake-riddled world of Modiglianis|url=http://www.theartnewspaper.com/archive/the-dangerous-fake-riddled-world-of-modiglianis|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928225315/https://www.theartnewspaper.com/archive/the-dangerous-fake-riddled-world-of-modiglianis|archive-date=28 September 2020|access-date=2021-05-26|website=www.theartnewspaper.com|date=30 April 2002 |language=en|quote=There are no less than five different reference works on the artist. The most respected is that by Ambrogio Ceroni, whose 1958, 1970 and 1972 tomes remain the only reliable works, according to leading dealers and auction houses. Arthur Pfannstiel (1929 and 1956) and Joseph Lanthemann’s (1970) books are dismissed today. The Milanese scholar Osvaldo Patani has produced three volumes: paintings (1991), drawings (1992) and one on the Paul Alexandre period (1994), while Christian Parisot, a friend of Modigliani’s daughter Jeanne, has published Vols I, II and IV (in 1970, 1971 and 1996) of a catalogue raisonné}}</ref> Rising prices for works attributed to him as well as the legend surrounding his short life have fueled a market for forgeries of both paintings and sculptures.<ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Esterow|first=Milton|title=The Art Market's Modigliani Forgery Epidemic|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2017/05/worlds-most-faked-artists-amedeo-modigliani-picasso|access-date=2021-03-20|magazine=Vanity Fair|date=3 May 2017|language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |date=2017-05-03 |title=The Art Market's Modigliani Forgery Epidemic |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2017/05/worlds-most-faked-artists-amedeo-modigliani-picasso |access-date=2023-08-17 |magazine=Vanity Fair |language=en-US}}</ref> In 1984, students carved three stone heads in a Modigliani style, causing a sensation when they were "discovered"  in a canal in Livorno, Italy. Experts claimed they were authentic until the students released a video they had filmed of themselves making the heads with a Black and Decker drill.<ref>{{Cite web|date=20 May 2014|title=Livorno plans to show fake Modigliani heads|url=https://www.thelocal.it/20140520/livorno-plans-to-show-fake-modigliani-heads|url-status=live|access-date=2021-03-20|website=www.thelocal.it|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140521214645/http://www.thelocal.it:80/20140520/livorno-plans-to-show-fake-modigliani-heads |archive-date=21 May 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Amedeo Modigliani: The 1984 Hoax |url=http://www.modigliani1909.com/Amedeo-Modigliani-The-1984-Hoax.html |access-date=2023-08-17 |website=www.modigliani1909.com |language=en}}</ref> In 2018 twenty fake Modiglianis were seized at an exhibition in Genoa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Twenty Modiglianis seized by police in Genoa are fake, expert confirms|url=http://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/modigliani|access-date=2021-03-20|website=www.theartnewspaper.com|date=11 January 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Rea |first=Naomi |date=2019-03-14 |title=Italian Police May Have Solved the Mystery of Who Was Behind an Exhibition of Fake Modigliani Paintings in Genoa |url=https://news.artnet.com/art-world/fake-modigliani-paintings-1488106 |access-date=2023-08-17 |website=Artnet News |language=en-US}}</ref> Famous art forgers such as [[Elmyr de Hory]] admitted to creating many fake Modiglianis.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-02-21 |title=The Artist Beneath the Art Forger (Published 2020) |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/21/arts/design/elmyr-de-hory-art-forgery.html |access-date=2023-08-17 |last1=Horberry |first1=Max }}</ref> Experienced art dealers such as Klaus Perls were tricked into purchasing fake Modigliani statues.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Connolly |first=John |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HgMUzNsJCrUC&dq=pfannstiel+art+dealer&pg=PA59 |title=Scumba Descending Staircase, Spy Magazine 1992 |date=1992-10-01 |publisher=Sussex Publishers, LLC |pages=59–60 |language=en}}</ref> It has been estimated that most artworks attributed to Modigliani are actually forgeries.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-12 |title=Why Are Amedeo Modigliani's Artworks Often Forged? |url=https://www.thecollector.com/amedeo-modigliani-artwork/ |access-date=2023-08-17 |website=TheCollector |language=en |quote=There are so many expensive and recognizable artists, but Modigliani seems to be a particular favorite of many art forgers. According to some experts, up to 70% of known Modigliani’s works were not actually made by him}}</ref>