Editing Age of Enlightenment (section)

===Russia===
[[File:Elizabeth of Russia visiting Lomonosov's mosaic workshop by A.V.Makovskiy (priv.coll.).jpg|thumb|[[Elizabeth of Russia|Empress Elizabeth]] visits Russian scientist [[Mikhail Lomonosov]].]]
In Russia, the government began to actively encourage the proliferation of arts and sciences in the mid-18th century. This era produced the first Russian university, library, theatre, public museum, and independent press. Like other enlightened despots, Catherine the Great played a key role in fostering the arts, sciences and education. She used her own interpretation of Enlightenment ideals, assisted by notable international experts such as Voltaire (by correspondence) and in residence world class scientists such as [[Leonhard Euler]] and [[Peter Simon Pallas]]. The national Enlightenment differed from its Western European counterpart in that it promoted further modernization of all aspects of Russian life and was concerned with attacking the institution of [[serfdom in Russia]]. The [[Russian Enlightenment]] centered on the individual instead of societal enlightenment and encouraged the living of an enlightened life.<ref>Elise Kimerling Wirtschafter, "Thoughts on the Enlightenment and Enlightenment in Russia," ''Modern Russian History & Historiography,'' 2009, Vol. 2 Issue 2, pp.&nbsp;1–26</ref>{{sfn|Israel|2011|pp=609–32}} A powerful element was ''prosveshchenie'' which combined religious piety, erudition, and commitment to the spread of learning. However, it lacked the skeptical and critical spirit of the Western European Enlightenment.<ref>Colum Leckey, "What is Prosveshchenie? Nikolai Novikov's Historical Dictionary of Russian Writers Revisited." ''Russian History'' 37.4 (2010): 360–77.</ref>