Editing AMD (section)

=== Other hardware ===
==== AMD motherboard chipsets ====
{{See also|Comparison of AMD chipsets}}
Before the launch of [[Athlon 64]] processors in 2003, AMD designed [[chipset]]s for their processors spanning the [[AMD K6|K6]] and [[AMD K7|K7]] processor generations. The chipsets include the AMD-640, AMD-751, and the AMD-761 chipsets. The situation changed in 2003 with the release of Athlon 64 processors, and AMD chose not to further design its own chipsets for its desktop processors while opening the desktop platform to allow other firms to design chipsets. This was the "[[Open Platform Management Architecture]]" with [[ATI Technologies|ATI]], [[VIA Technologies|VIA]] and [[Silicon Integrated Systems|SiS]] developing their own chipset for [[Athlon 64]] processors and later [[Athlon 64 X2]] and [[Athlon 64 FX]] processors, including the [[AMD Quad FX platform|Quad FX platform]] chipset from Nvidia.

The initiative went further with the release of [[Opteron]] server processors as AMD stopped the design of server chipsets in 2004 after releasing the AMD-8111 chipset, and again opened the server platform for firms to develop chipsets for Opteron processors. As of today,{{When|date=March 2021}} Nvidia and [[Broadcom]] are the sole designing firms of server chipsets for Opteron processors.

As the company completed the acquisition of ATI Technologies in 2006, the firm gained the ATI design team for chipsets which previously designed the [[Xpress 200|Radeon Xpress 200]] and the [[Xpress 3200|Radeon Xpress 3200]] chipsets. AMD then renamed the chipsets for AMD processors under AMD branding (for instance, the CrossFire Xpress 3200 chipset was renamed as [[AMD 580 chipset series|AMD 580X CrossFire chipset]]). In February 2007, AMD announced the first AMD-branded chipset since 2004 with the release of the AMD [[AMD 690 chipset series|690G]] chipset (previously under the development codename ''RS690''), targeted at mainstream [[Integrated Graphics Processor|IGP]] computing. It was the industry's first to implement a [[HDMI]] 1.2 port on motherboards, shipping for more than a million units. While ATI had aimed at releasing an Intel IGP chipset, the plan was scrapped and the inventories of [[AMD 690 chipset series#Radeon Xpress 1250|Radeon Xpress 1250]] (codenamed ''RS600'', sold under ATI brand) was sold to two OEMs, Abit and ASRock. Although AMD stated the firm would still produce Intel chipsets, Intel had not granted the license of {{nowrap|1333 MHz}} FSB to ATI.

On November 15, 2007, AMD announced a new chipset series portfolio, the [[AMD 700 chipset series|AMD 7-Series chipsets]], covering from the enthusiast multi-graphics segment to the value IGP segment, to replace the [[AMD 580 chipset series|AMD 480/570/580 chipsets]] and [[AMD 690 chipset series|AMD 690 series chipsets]], marking AMD's first enthusiast multi-graphics chipset. Discrete graphics chipsets were launched on November 15, 2007, as part of the codenamed ''Spider'' desktop platform, and IGP chipsets were launched at a later time in spring 2008 as part of the codenamed ''Cartwheel'' platform.

AMD returned to the server chipsets market with the [[AMD 800 chipset series|AMD 800S series server chipsets]]. It includes support for up to six [[Serial ATA#SATA Revision 3.0 (SATA 6Gb/s)|SATA 6.0 Gbit/s]] ports, the C6 power state, which is featured in [[AMD Fusion|Fusion]] processors and [[Advanced Host Controller Interface|AHCI]] 1.2 with SATA [[port multiplier#FIS(Frame Information Structure)–based switching|FIS-based switching]] support. This is a chipset family supporting [[AMD Phenom|Phenom]] processors and [[AMD Quad FX platform|Quad FX enthusiast platform]] (890FX), [[Integrated Graphics Processor|IGP]] (890GX).

With the advent of AMD's APUs in 2011, traditional northbridge features such as the connection to graphics and the PCI Express controller were incorporated into the APU die. Accordingly, APUs were connected to a single chip chipset, renamed the Fusion Controller Hub (FCH), which primarily provided southbridge functionality.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Wasson |first=Scott |date=June 22, 2011 |title=AMD's A8-3500M Fusion APU |publisher=Tech Report |url=https://techreport.com/review/21099/amd-a8-3500m-fusion-apu |access-date=July 10, 2017}}</ref>

AMD released new chipsets in 2017 to support the release of their new [[Ryzen]] products. As the [[Zen (microarchitecture)|Zen microarchitecture]] already includes much of the northbridge connectivity, the AM4-based chipsets primarily varied in the number of additional PCI Express lanes, USB connections, and SATA connections available.<ref name="chipset_toms">{{Cite news |last1=Justin |first1=Michael |last2=Sexton |first2=Allen |date=March 3, 2017 |title=AMD's AM4 Ryzen Chipsets |publisher=Tom's Hardware |url=http://www.tomshardware.com/news/amd-am4-ryzen-chipsets,33806.html |access-date=March 3, 2017}}</ref> These AM4 chipsets were designed in conjunction with [[ASMedia]].<ref name="su_interview">{{Cite news |last=Cutress |first=Ian |date=March 2, 2017 |title=Making AMD Tick: A Very Zen Interview it Dr. Lisa Su, CEO |publisher=Anandtech.com |url=http://www.anandtech.com/show/11177/making-amd-tick-a-very-zen-interview-with-dr-lisa-su-ceo |access-date=March 2, 2017}}</ref>

==== Embedded products ====
===== Embedded CPUs =====
{{Main|AMD Élan|Alchemy (microarchitecture)|l2=Alchemy|Geode (processor)|l3=Geode}}
[[File:Nokia-9110-4.jpg|thumb|An AMD Élan SC450 in [[Nokia 9000 Communicator]]]]

In the early 1990s, AMD began marketing a series of [[Embedded system|embedded]] [[system-on-a-chip]]s (SoCs) called [[AMD Élan]], starting with the SC300 and SC310. Both combines a 32-Bit, [[Am386]]SX, low-voltage 25&nbsp;MHz or 33&nbsp;MHz CPU with [[memory controller]], [[PC/AT]] peripheral controllers, [[real-time clock]], [[Phase-locked loop#Clock generation|PLL clock generators]] and [[ISA bus]] interface. The SC300 integrates in addition two [[PC card]] slots and a [[Color Graphics Adapter|CGA]]-compatible [[LCD]] controller. They were followed in 1996 by the SC4xx types. Now supporting [[VESA Local Bus]] and using the [[Am486]] with up to 100&nbsp;MHz [[clock speed]]. A SC450 with 33&nbsp;MHz, for example, was used in the [[Nokia 9000 Communicator]]. In 1999 the SC520 was announced. Using an [[Am586]] with 100&nbsp;MHz or 133&nbsp;MHz and supporting [[SDRAM]] and [[Peripheral Component Interconnect|PCI]] it was the latest member of the series.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ascii.jp/elem/000/000/648/648702/ |author=文● 大原雄介 |title=CPU黒歴史 組み込みへの無理解に翻弄されたElan＆Geode |publisher=ascii.jp |date=2011-11-14 |access-date=2022-11-15 |language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://jhalfmoon.com/dbc/2019/03/14/%E9%BB%84%E6%98%8F%E3%81%AEsoc4-amd%E3%80%81elan-sc300-400-single-chip-pc-at/ |title=冥界のLSI(4) AMD、Elan SC300/400 Single Chip PC/AT |publisher=AMD |access-date=2022-11-15 |language=ja}}</ref>

In February 2002, AMD acquired Alchemy Semiconductor for its [[Alchemy (processor)|Alchemy]] line of [[MIPS architecture|MIPS]] processors for the hand-held and [[portable media player]] markets.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Lammers |first=David |date=January 29, 2002 |title=AMD to buy MIPS processor startup Alchemy |url=http://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1134862 |magazine=EE Times |access-date=July 11, 2017}}</ref> On June 13, 2006, AMD officially announced that the line was to be transferred to Raza Microelectronics, Inc., a designer of MIPS processors for embedded applications.<ref name="Alchemy">{{Cite news |date=June 14, 2006 |title=AMD Alchemy processor product line acquired by Raza Microelectronics |work=TechNews |publisher=technologynewsdaily.com |url=http://www.technologynewsdaily.com/node/3336 |url-status=dead |access-date=July 11, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070102020841/http://www.technologynewsdaily.com/node/3336 |archive-date=January 2, 2007}}</ref>

In August 2003, AMD also purchased the [[Geode (processor)|Geode]] business which was originally the [[Cyrix]] [[MediaGX]] from [[National Semiconductor]] to augment its existing line of embedded x86 processor products.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Shah |first=Agam |date=January 26, 2009 |title=AMD Sees No Geode Chip Replacement in Sight |url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/158363/article.html |magazine=PC World |access-date=July 11, 2017}}</ref> During the second quarter of 2004, it launched new low-power Geode NX processors based on the K7 Thoroughbred architecture with speeds of fanless processors {{nowrap|667 MHz}} and {{nowrap|1 GHz}}, and {{nowrap|1.4&nbsp;GHz}} processor with fan, of [[Thermal Design Power|TDP]] 25&nbsp;W. This technology is used in a variety of embedded systems (Casino slot machines and customer kiosks for instance), several [[Ultra Mobile PC|UMPC]] designs in Asia markets, and the [[One Laptop per Child|OLPC]] [[OLPC XO-1|XO-1 computer]], an inexpensive laptop computer intended to be distributed to children in developing countries around the world.<ref>{{cite web |last=Paul |first=Ryan |date=March 5, 2007 |title=A comparison of OLPC's XO laptop and Intel's Classmate PC |url=https://arstechnica.com/uncategorized/2007/03/acomparison-of-olpcs-xo-laptop-and-intels-classmate-pc/ |access-date=July 11, 2017 |website=Ars Technica}}</ref> The Geode LX processor was announced in 2005 and is said will continue to be available through 2015.{{Update inline|date=March 2021}}

AMD has also introduced [[x86-64|64-bit]] processors into its embedded product line starting with the AMD [[Opteron]] processor. Leveraging the high throughput enabled through [[HyperTransport]] and the [[Direct Connect Architecture]] these server-class processors have been targeted at high-end telecom and storage applications. In 2007, AMD added the AMD Athlon, [[AMD Turion]], and Mobile AMD Sempron processors to its embedded product line. Leveraging the same [[x86-64|64-bit]] instruction set and [[Direct Connect Architecture]] as the AMD [[Opteron]] but at lower power levels, these processors were well suited to a variety of traditional embedded applications. Throughout 2007 and into 2008, AMD has continued to add both single-core Mobile AMD Sempron and AMD Athlon processors and [[Multi-core (computing)|dual-core]] AMD Athlon X2 and AMD Turion processors to its embedded product line and now offers embedded [[x86-64|64-bit]] solutions starting with 8&nbsp;W TDP Mobile AMD Sempron and AMD Athlon processors for fan-less designs up to multi-processor systems leveraging multi-core AMD Opteron processors all supporting longer than standard availability.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 5, 2010 |work=Amd.com |title=AMD Embedded Solutions that are scalable, x86- based, low-power and feature-rich products |url=https://www.amd.com/us/products/embedded/Pages/embedded.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101126232903/https://www.amd.com/us/products/embedded/Pages/embedded.aspx |archive-date=November 26, 2010}}</ref>

The ATI acquisition in 2006 included the [[Imageon]] and [[Xilleon]] product lines. In late 2008, the entire handheld division was sold off to [[Qualcomm]], who have since produced the [[Adreno]] series.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ferguson |first=Scott |date=January 20, 2009 |title=AMD Sells Handset Division to Qualcomm for $65 million |work=eWeek |url=http://www.eweek.com/c/a/Mobile-and-Wireless/AMD-Sells-Handset-Division-to-Qualcomm-for-65-Million/ |access-date=June 6, 2014}}</ref> Also in 2008, the Xilleon division was sold to [[Broadcom]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-1001_3-10024509-92.html?hhTest=1&tag=xlr8yourmac | title=Broadcom to buy AMD's digital TV business &#124; Business Tech - CNET News | access-date=July 11, 2017 | archive-date=July 16, 2012 | archive-url=https://archive.today/20120716025226/http://news.cnet.com/8301-1001_3-10024509-92.html?hhTest=1&tag=xlr8yourmac | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=News Room |url=http://www.broadcom.com/press/release.php?id=1190026 |website=Broadcom.com}}</ref>

In April 2007, AMD announced the release of the [[AMD 690 chipset series#M690T|M690T]] integrated graphics chipset for embedded designs. This enabled AMD to offer complete processor and chipset solutions targeted at embedded applications requiring high-performance 3D and video such as emerging digital signage, kiosk, and Point of Sale applications. The M690T was followed by the [[AMD 690 chipset series#M690E|M690E]] specifically for embedded applications which removed the TV output, which required [[Macrovision]] licensing for OEMs, and enabled native support for dual [[Transition Minimized Differential Signaling|TMDS]] outputs, enabling dual independent [[Digital Visual Interface|DVI]] interfaces.{{Citation needed|date=June 2019}}<ref>{{cite web|title=AMD M690T/E Databook|url=https://www.amd.com/system/files/TechDocs/42437.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.amd.com/system/files/TechDocs/42437.pdf |archive-date=October 9, 2022 |url-status=live|access-date=January 18, 2021|website=Amd.com}}</ref>

In January 2011, AMD announced the AMD Embedded G-Series [[AMD Accelerated Processing Unit|Accelerated Processing Unit]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ganesh |first=TS |date=January 19, 2011 |title=AMD G-Series Brings x86 to the Embedded Market |publisher=Anandtech |url=http://www.anandtech.com/show/4133/amd-gseries-brings-apus-to-the-x86-embedded-market |access-date=July 11, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Melanson |first=Donald |date=January 19, 2011 |title=AMD announces Fusion-based Embedded G-Series platform |work=Engadget |url=https://www.engadget.com/2011/01/19/amd-announces-fusion-based-embedded-g-series-platform/ |access-date=July 11, 2017}}</ref> This was the first APU for embedded applications. These were followed by updates in 2013 and 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sakr |first=Sarif |date=April 23, 2013 |title=AMD reveals G-Series X embedded chips, drops a little ARM-powered bombshell |work=Engadget |url=https://www.engadget.com/2013/04/23/amd-reveals-g-series-x-embedded-chips/ |access-date=July 11, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Ryan |first=Thomas |date=February 23, 2016 |title=AMD Launches Three New Embedded G-Series SoC Families |publisher=SemiAccurate |url=https://www.semiaccurate.com/2016/02/23/amd-launches-three-new-embedded-g-series-soc-families/ |access-date=September 6, 2024}}</ref>

In May 2012, AMD Announced the AMD Embedded R-Series [[AMD Accelerated Processing Unit|Accelerated Processing Unit]].<ref name="R-Series">{{Cite news |date=July 10, 2012 |title=AMD Embedded R-Series Platform |work=AMD |publisher=amd.com |url=https://www.amd.com/us/products/embedded/processors/Pages/r-series.aspx |access-date=July 10, 2012}}</ref> This family of products incorporates the Bulldozer CPU architecture, and Discrete-class Radeon HD 7000G Series graphics. This was followed by a system-on-a-chip (SoC) version in 2015 which offered a faster CPU and faster graphics, with support for [[DDR4 SDRAM]] memory.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Cutress |first=Ian |date=October 21, 2015 |title=AMD Launches Excavator Based R-Series APUs for Embedded with DDR4 |publisher=Anandtech |url=http://www.anandtech.com/show/9726/amd-launches-excavator-based-rseries-apus-for-embedded-with-ddr4-support |access-date=July 11, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Brown |first=Eric |date=October 21, 2015 |title=AMD R-Series system-on-chips dip to 12 Watts, support DDR4 |publisher=Linux Gizmos |url=http://linuxgizmos.com/amd-r-series-system-on-chips-dip-to-12-watts-support-ddr4/ |access-date=July 11, 2017}}</ref>

===== Embedded graphics =====
AMD builds graphic processors for use in [[Embedded System|embedded]] systems. They can be found in anything from casinos to healthcare, with a large portion of products being used in industrial machines.<ref>[https://www.amd.com/de/products/embedded/graphics-processors/Pages/embedded-display-graphics.asp] {{dead link|date=December 2017|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> These products include a complete graphics processing device in a compact [[multi-chip module]] including RAM and the GPU.<ref name="AMD_embedded">{{Cite news |last=Smith |first=Ryan |date=May 2, 2011 |title=AMD Launches E6760: The Next Embedded Radeon |publisher=Anandtech |url=http://www.anandtech.com/show/4307/amd-launches-radeon-e6760 |access-date=July 11, 2017}}</ref> ATI began offering embedded GPUs with the E2400 in 2008. Since that time AMD has released regular updates to their embedded GPU lineup in 2009, 2011, 2015, and 2016; reflecting improvements in their GPU technology.<ref name="AMD_embedded" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Hodgin |first=Rick |date=July 1, 2009 |title=AMD releases ATI Radeon E4690 embedded GPU with 3x better performance |publisher=Geek.com |url=https://www.geek.com/games/amd-releases-ati-radeon-e4690-embedded-gpu-with-3x-better-performance-792271/ |access-date=July 11, 2017 |archive-date=October 23, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171023065003/https://www.geek.com/games/amd-releases-ati-radeon-e4690-embedded-gpu-with-3x-better-performance-792271/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Smith |first=Ryan |date=October 1, 2015 |title=AMD Updates Embedded Radeon GPU Line |publisher=Anandtech |url=http://www.anandtech.com/show/9682/amd-updates-embedded-radeon-gpu-line-releases-radeon-e8950-e8870-e6465 |access-date=July 11, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Smith |first=Ryan |date=September 27, 2016 |title=AMD Announces Embedded Radeon EE9260 & E9550 – Polaris for Embedded Markets |publisher=Anandtech |url=http://www.anandtech.com/show/10710/amd-announces-embedded-radeon-e9260-e9550 |access-date=July 11, 2017}}</ref>