Editing Tongue (section)

==Other animals==
[[File:Giraffe's tongue.jpg|thumb|left|Giraffe's tongue]]
[[File:Macroglossum stellatarum anatomy - MHNT.jpg|thumb|140px|Extended proboscis of a long tongued ''[[Macroglossum]]'' [[moth]]]]
The muscles of the tongue evolved in [[amphibians]] from [[occipital bone|occipital]] [[somite]]s. Most amphibians show a proper tongue after their [[metamorphosis]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Iwasaki|first=Shin-ichi|date=July 2002|title=Evolution of the structure and function of the vertebrate tongue|journal=Journal of Anatomy|volume=201|issue=1|pages=1–13|doi=10.1046/j.1469-7580.2002.00073.x|issn=0021-8782|pmc=1570891|pmid=12171472}}</ref> As a consequence, most [[tetrapod]] animals—amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals—have tongues (the [[frog]] family of [[Pipidae|pipids]] lack tongue). In mammals such as [[dog]]s and [[cat]]s, the tongue is often used to clean the fur and body by [[licking]]. The tongues of these species have a very rough texture, which allows them to remove oils and parasites. Some dogs have a tendency to consistently lick a part of their foreleg, which can result in a [[cutaneous condition|skin condition]] known as a [[lick granuloma]]. A dog's tongue also acts as a heat regulator. As a dog increases its exercise the tongue will increase in size due to greater blood flow. The tongue hangs out of the dog's mouth and the moisture on the tongue will work to cool the bloodflow.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.doctordog.com/drdognewsletter/tongue.html | title = A Dog's Tongue | work = DrDog.com | publisher = Dr. Dog Animal Health Care Division of BioChemics | date = 2014 | access-date = 2007-03-09 | archive-date = 2010-09-20 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100920005834/http://doctordog.com/drdognewsletter/tongue.html | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=Lingual blood flow and its hypothalamic control in the dog during panting |journal=[[Pflügers Archiv: European Journal of Physiology]] |date=January 1976 |issn=0031-6768 |doi=10.1007/BF00583652 |pmid=1034283 |pages=25–31 |volume=367 |issue=1 |last1=Krönert |first1=H. |last2=Pleschka |first2=K. |s2cid=23295086 }}</ref>

Some animals have tongues that are specially adapted for catching prey. For example, [[chameleon]]s, [[frog]]s, [[pangolin]]s and [[anteater]]s have [[prehensility|prehensile]] tongues.

Other animals may have organs that are [[analogy (biology)|analogous]] to tongues, such as a [[butterfly]]'s [[proboscis]] or a [[radula]] on a [[mollusca|mollusc]], but these are not [[Homology (biology)|homologous]] with the tongues found in vertebrates and often have little resemblance in function. For example, butterflies do not lick with their proboscides; they suck through them, and the proboscis is not a single organ, but two jaws held together to form a tube.<ref name= "isbn0-412-61390-5">{{cite book |last1=Richards |first1=O. W. |last2=Davies |first2=R. G. |title=Imms' General Textbook of Entomology: Volume 1: Structure, Physiology and Development, Volume 2: Classification and Biology |publisher=Springer |location=Berlin |year=1977 |isbn=0-412-61390-5}}</ref> Many species of fish have small folds at the base of their mouths that might informally be called tongues, but they lack a muscular structure like the true tongues found in most [[tetrapod]]s.<ref name=VB>{{cite book |last1=Romer |first1=Alfred Sherwood |last2=Parsons |first2=Thomas S. |year=1977 |title=The Vertebrate Body |publisher=Holt-Saunders International |location= Philadelphia, Philadelphia |pages=298–299 |isbn= 0-03-910284-X}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Kingsley |first=John Sterling |year=1912 |title=Comparative anatomy of vertebrates |url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924002902389 |publisher=P. Blackiston's Son & Co. |pages=[https://archive.org/details/cu31924002902389/page/n232 217]–220 |isbn= 1-112-23645-7}}</ref>