Editing Thiruvananthapuram (section)

== Transport ==
{{Multiple images
| align             = right
| direction         = vertical
| image1            = Tvpmroad.jpg
| caption1          = Kowdiar road; also known as the royal road or "Raja Veedhi", as it leads to the Kowdiar Palace
| image2            = Road transport in Trivandrum.jpg
| caption2          = Another road in the city
}}

{{Main|Transport in Thiruvananthapuram}}
[[File:Trivandrum_International_airport.jpg|left|thumb|[[Thiruvananthapuram International Airport]]]]


===Public transport===
[[File:Double Decker bus in Trivandrum.jpg|thumb|left|A [[Kerala State Road Transport Corporation|KSRTC]] Double-decker bus in the city]]
The majority of bus services are conducted by government operators. There are also private operators.<ref>{{cite news |title=Private bus strike shows signs of failure |url=http://kaumudiglobal.com/innerpage1.php?newsid=103647 |access-date=3 March 2018 |work=Kerala Kaumudi |issue=19 February 2018}}</ref> The city buses operated by [[Kerala State Road Transport Corporation]] (KSRTC) are an important and reliable means of public transport available in the city. The main bus stations in the city are the [[Central Bus Station Thiruvananthapuram|Central Bus Station]] in [[Thampanoor]], where most of the long-distance buses ply from, and the city bus station in [[East Fort]], where most city buses ply from.<ref>{{cite news |last1=S |first1=Anasooya |title=Thampanoor station is now a role model |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/thampanoor-station-is-now-a-role-model/articleshow/61540168.cms |access-date=3 March 2018 |newspaper=The Times of India |date=7 November 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Radhakrishnan |first1=S.Anil |title=New bus shelter for East Fort |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Thiruvananthapuram/New-bus-shelter-for-East-Fort/article14000787.ece |access-date=3 March 2018 |newspaper=The Hindu |date=23 September 2016}}</ref> Three-wheeled, yellow and black [[auto-rickshaws]] and taxis, are other popular forms of public transport.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pre-paid auto drivers oppose fee for parking |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Thiruvananthapuram/pre-paid-auto-drivers-oppose-fee-for-parking/article19290497.ece |access-date=3 March 2018 |newspaper=The Hindu |date=17 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=App-based taxi service at rly station from tomorrow |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thiruvananthapuram/app-based-taxi-service-at-rly-station-from-tomorrow/articleshow/62013228.cms |access-date=3 March 2018 |newspaper=The Times of India |date=10 December 2017}}</ref> Thiruvananthapuram Metro is a fully elevated [[Medium-capacity rail system|metro rail]] – [[rapid transit]] system planned to ease the congestion in the city.<ref name="tvmroad"/><ref name="tvmmetro">{{cite web |title=Trivandrum Metro Features |url=http://krtl.in/trivandrum.html |website=Kerala Rapid Transit Corporation Limited |publisher=Government of Kerala |access-date=3 March 2018}}</ref>

===Road===
Thiruvananthapuram has a well-developed [[road transport]] infrastructure.<ref name="tvmroad">{{cite news |last1=K |first1=Krishnachand |title=New metro policy to affect Kazhakoootam-Kesavadasapuram stretch |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/2017/aug/21/new-metro-policy-to-affect-kazhakoootam-kesavadasapuram-stretch-1646324--1.html |access-date=3 March 2018 |newspaper=The New Indian Express |date=22 August 2017 |archive-date=5 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180305063832/http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/2017/aug/21/new-metro-policy-to-affect-kazhakoootam-kesavadasapuram-stretch-1646324--1.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The roads in the city are maintained by the Thiruvananthapuram Roads Development Company Limited (TRDCL) and [[Kerala Public Works Department|Kerala PWD]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Mr Minister, prove charges or retract statement: TRDCL |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thiruvananthapuram/mr-minister-prove-charges-or-retract-statement-trdcl/articleshow/60930916.cms |access-date=3 March 2018 |date=4 October 2017}}</ref> TRDCL manages the 42&nbsp;km city roads which come under the Thiruvananthapuram City Roads Improvement Project (TRCIP), which is the first urban road project in India.<ref name=trcip/><ref>{{cite web |title=Thiruvananthapuram City Road Improvement |url=https://www.ilfsindia.com/our-work/transportation/thiruvananthapuram-city-road-improvement/ |website=IL&FS |access-date=3 March 2018 |archive-date=3 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180303183626/https://www.ilfsindia.com/our-work/transportation/thiruvananthapuram-city-road-improvement/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> TRCIP is a [[Public–private partnership|Public-private partnership]] project to improve and maintain the existing road network in the city to cater to the needs of rapid urbanisation.<ref name=trcip>{{cite web |title=Thiruvananthapuram City Road Improvement Project to tackle congestion |url=http://www.worldhighways.com/sections/irf/features/thiruvananthapuram-city-road-improvement-project-to-tackle-congestion/ |website=World Highways |access-date=3 March 2018 |archive-date=20 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170920160302/http://www.worldhighways.com/sections/irf/features/thiruvananthapuram-city-road-improvement-project-to-tackle-congestion/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> TRCIP has won the International Road Federation's Global Road Achievement Awards in 2015.<ref name="roadaward">{{cite web |title=2015 Global Road Achievement Awards Book of Winning Projects |url=https://www.ilfsindia.com/media/1341/trdcl_award.pdf |website=IL&FS |access-date=4 March 2018}}</ref> TCRIP has also been selected by [[United Nations]] as a replicable Public Private Partnership model.<ref name="unroad">{{cite news |title=United Nations finds Kerala's road is a model |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/in-other-news/160516/united-nations-finds-kerala-s-road-is-a-model.html |access-date=3 March 2018 |work=The Deccan Chronicle |date=16 May 2016}}</ref> It was one of the 12 [[Public–private partnership|Public-private partnership]] project case studies from across the world which fulfil the [[Sustainable Development Goals]] of the UN Agenda 2030.<ref name="unroad1">{{cite web |title=Thiruvananthapuram City Road Improvement Project – The UN Recognition for achieving sustainable development goals |url=http://www.itnlinternational.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/TCRIP-AT-UNECE-GENEVA-n.pdf |website=ITNL International |publisher=TCRIP |access-date=3 March 2018}}</ref><ref name="unroad2">{{cite web |title=Case 25 India Road Sector Thiruvananthapuram City Improvement |url=https://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/ceci/documents/2016/PPP/Forum_PPP-SDGs/Presentations/Case_25_India_Thiruvananthapuram_City_Improvement.pdf |website=UNECE |publisher=United Nations Economic Commission for Europe |access-date=3 March 2018}}</ref> In 2024, Thiruvananthapuram became the first Indian city to win the UN global sustainability award.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Thiruvananthapuram is India's first city to win global sustainability award: Key success factors |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/travel/travel-news/thiruvananthapuram-is-indias-first-city-to-win-global-sustainability-award-key-success-factors/articleshow/114971969.cms |access-date=2025-02-22 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

Thiruvananthapuram is served by [[National Highway 66 (India)|National Highway 66]] of India's [[National Highway (India)|National Highways system]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Radhakrishnan |first1=S. Anil |title=Soil testing for Kazhakuttam flyover begins |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Thiruvananthapuram/soil-testing-for-kazhakuttam-flyover-begins/article19360441.ece |access-date=3 March 2018 |newspaper=The Hindu |date=26 July 2017}}</ref> The city is connected to the [[North–South and East–West Corridor|North-South Corridor]] of the National Highway system at [[Aralvaimozhi]], which is 80&nbsp;km south of the city.<ref>{{Cite map |date=3 March 2018 |title=Trivandrum to Aralvaimozhi |map=Trivandrum to Aralvaimozhi distance |map-url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/directions?engine=osrm_car&route=8.2652%2C77.5580%3B8.4826%2C76.9613#map=11/8.3059/77.3438 |work=OpenStreetMap |access-date=3 March 2018}}</ref> The [[State Highway 1 (Kerala)|State Highway 1]], which commonly known as the [[Main Central Road]] is an arterial highway in the city. Other major highways in the city are [[State Highway 2 (Kerala)|State Highway 2]] and [[State Highway 45 (Kerala)|State Highway 45]].<ref name="stateroads">{{cite web |title=State Highways in Kerala |url=http://keralapwd.gov.in/intranet/compRepository/mediagallery/PWD/sro161.pdf |website=Kerala Public Works Department |publisher=Government of Kerala |access-date=19 July 2018}}</ref> The [[Mahatma Gandhi Road (Thiruvananthapuram)|Mahatma Gandhi Road]] is the main arterial road in the city.<ref>{{cite news |title=Paid parking on M.G. Road from today |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Thiruvananthapuram/paid-parking-on-mg-road-from-today/article7849208.ece |access-date=3 March 2018 |newspaper=The Hindu |date=6 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Sathyendran |first1=Nita |title=Ahead of the times |url=http://www.thehindu.com/society/ywca-trivandrum-celebrates-its-centenary/article19316560.ece |access-date=3 March 2018 |newspaper=The Hindu |date=20 July 2017}}</ref> Another important road is the Kowdiar Road, which is also known as the Royal Road, as it leads to the [[Kowdiar Palace]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=UR |first1=Arya |title=Green spaces that are the breathing lungs of Trivandrum |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/green-spaces-that-are-the-breathing-lungs-of-trivandrum/articleshow/58516479.cms |access-date=3 March 2018 |newspaper=The Times of India |date=5 May 2017}}</ref>

===Rail===
Thiruvananthapuram is a [[Thiruvananthapuram railway division|divisional headquarters]] in the [[Southern Railway zone]] of the [[Indian Railways]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Thiruvananthapuram Division |url=http://www.sr.indianrailways.gov.in/uploads/files/1370348346435-Thiruvananthapuram%20Division.pdf |website=Southern Railway |access-date=4 March 2018}}</ref> Long-distance trains originate from [[Thiruvananthapuram Central railway station|Thiruvananthapuram Central]] and [[Thiruvananthapuram North railway station|Thiruvananthapuram North]] railway terminals. Kochuveli railway terminal is developed to ease congestion on the central station and it acts as a satellite station to Thiruvananthapuram Central.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kochuveli railway terminal opened |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-logistics/Kochuveli-railway-terminal-opened/article20272059.ece |access-date=4 March 2018 |newspaper=The Hindu Business line |date=30 March 2005}}</ref> [[Thiruvananthapuram Central railway station|Thiruvananthapuram Central]] is the busiest railway station in Kerala.<ref>{{cite news |title=Thiruvananthapuram Central to be made a world-class station |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/Thiruvananthapuram-Central-to-be-made-a-world-class-station/article14730334.ece |access-date=4 March 2018 |newspaper=The Hindu |date=28 September 2016}}</ref> Other railway stations in the city are [[Thiruvananthapuram North railway station|Thiruvananthapuram North]], [[Thiruvananthapuram Pettah]], [[Nemom railway station|Thiruvananthapuram South railway station]], Veli railway station and [[Kazhakoottam railway station]]. Being the southernmost [[Municipal Corporations in India|municipal corporation]] in India, many long train services of Indian Railways originate from Thiruvananthapuram like Thiruvananthapuram Rajdhani Express, [[Thiruvananthapuram - Silchar Superfast Express]] and [[Kochuveli - Amritsar Weekly Express|Thiruvananthapuram North - Amritsar Weekly Express]]. There are plans to develop a railway terminal at [[Nemom railway station|Thiruvananthapuram South railway station]] to reduce congestion at [[Thiruvananthapuram Central railway station|Thiruvananthapuram Central]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Railway to give priority to Nemom terminal: Ashwani Lohani |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thiruvananthapuram/railway-to-give-priority-to-nemom-terminal-ashwani-lohani/articleshow/61279808.cms |access-date=4 March 2018 |newspaper=The Times of India |date=27 October 2017}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+Thiruvananthapuram Metropolitan Region
!Station Name 
!Station Code
!Railway Zone 
!Number of Platforms
!No. of Tracks
|-
|[[Thiruvananthapuram Central railway station|Thiruvananthapuram Central]]
|TVC
|SR
|5
|16
|-
|[[Thiruvananthapuram North railway station|Thiruvananthapuram North]]
|TVCN
|SR
|6 (10*)
|13
|-
|[[Thiruvananthapuram South railway station|Thiruvananthapuram South]]
|TVCS
|SR
|2 (5*)
|3 (12*)
|-
|[[Thiruvananthapuram Pettah railway station|Thiruvananthapuram Petta]]
|TVP
|SR
|2
|2
|-
|[[Kazhakuttam railway station|Kazhakuttam Railway Station]]
|KZK
|SR
|3
|4
|-
|[[Veli Railway Station]]
|VELI
|SR
|3
|4
|-
|Chirayinkeezhu railway station
|CRY
|SR
|2
|2
|-
|Neyyattinkara railway station
|NYY
|SR
|2
|2
|-
|Balaramapuram
|BRAM
|SR
|1
|
|-
|Kadakkavoor
|KVU
|SR
|3
|4
|-
|Kaniyapuram
|KXP
|SR
|2
|
|}
<small>* (Indicates that its currently under construction)</small>

==== Air ====
Thiruvananthapuram is served by the [[Thiruvananthapuram International Airport]], located at Chakai, only {{cvt|6.7|km|mi}} from the city centre. The airport started operations in 1935 and is the first airport in [[Kerala]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Kerala celebrates 75th anniversary of civil aviation |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/Kerala-celebrates-75th-anniversary-of-civil-aviation/article15796809.ece |access-date=4 March 2018 |newspaper=The Hindu |date=29 October 2010}}</ref> Being one of the gateways to the state, it has direct connectivity to all the major cities in India as well as the Middle East, Malaysia, Singapore, the [[Maldives]] and [[Sri Lanka]]. As the city is headquarters of the [[Southern Air Command (India)|Southern Air Command]] (SAC) of the [[Indian Air Force]], Thiruvananthapuram International Airport caters to the Indian Air Force (IAF) and the Coast Guard for their strategic operations.<ref name="Southern Air Command, Thiruvananthapuram">{{cite web |title=Southern Air Command |url=http://indianairforce.nic.in/content/southern-air-command |work=Indian Air Force |access-date=5 March 2018}}</ref> IAF has an exclusive apron to handle all their operations. The airport also caters to the [[Rajiv Gandhi Academy for Aviation Technology]] which carries out pilot-training activities.<ref>{{cite news |title=Rajiv Gandhi Academy for Aviation Technology gets its wings back |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thiruvananthapuram/aviation-academy-gets-its-wings-back/articleshow/57638475.cms |access-date=4 March 2018 |newspaper=The Times of India |date=15 March 2017}}</ref>

===Sea===
Small cruise ships often dock at Vizhinjam Harbour.<ref>{{cite news |title=Cruise ship arrives at Vizhinjam port |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/Cruise-ship-arrives-at-Vizhinjam-port/article14703558.ece |access-date=4 March 2018 |newspaper=The Hindu |date=27 September 2016}}</ref> A [[Ferry terminal|cruise terminal]] is under trial run at [[Vizhinjam International Seaport|Vizhinjam Transshipment Terminal]] and some of the world's largest container vessels had already docked here.<ref>{{cite news |title=Master plan for Vizhinjam Seaport released |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/states/master-plan-for-vizhinjam-seaport-released/article4766869.ece |access-date=4 March 2018 |date=31 May 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Venugopal |first1=P |title=Cruise terminal being planned at Vizhinjam |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/cruise-terminal-being-planned-at-vizhinjam/article3595756.ece |access-date=4 March 2018 |newspaper=The Hindu |date=5 July 2016}}</ref> Vizhinjam seaport has been designated by the government as an authorised immigration check-post for entry and exit from India for international ships and cruises.<ref>{{cite news |title=Immigration check-post facility for Vizhinjam |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/immigration-check-post-facility-for-vizhinjam/article20554516.ece |access-date=4 March 2018 |newspaper=The Hindu |publisher=Press Trust of India |date=19 November 2017}}</ref>

=== Metro ===
The [[Thiruvananthapuram Metro]] is a proposed 42.1km Conventional Metro rail system with 37 stations. With 2 primary lines connecting key hubs like Kazhakuttom and Karamana. The idea of the Thiruvananthapuram Metro was first proposed in the early 2000s to cater to the growing population.