Editing Reconquista (section)

==== Granada War and the end of Muslim rule ====
{{Main|Granada War|Treaty of Granada (1491)}}
[[Catholic Monarchs|Ferdinand and Isabella]] completed the ''Reconquista'' with a war against the [[Emirate of Granada]] that started in 1482 and ended with Granada's surrender on 2 January 1492. The Moors in Castile previously numbered "half a million within the realm". By 1492 some 100,000 had died or been enslaved, 200,000 had emigrated, and 200,000 remained in Castile. Many of the Muslim elite, including Granada's former Emir [[Muhammad XII of Granada|Muhammad XII]], who had been given the area of the [[Alpujarras]] mountains as a principality, found life under Christian rule intolerable and emigrated to [[Fez, Morocco|Fez]] in North Africa.{{sfn |Kamen |2005 |pages=37–38}}<ref name=maqri>"نفح الطيب من غصن الاندلس الرطيب" p. 1317.  احمد المقري  المغربي المالكي الاشعري</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Harvey|first=Leonard Patrick|title=Islamic Spain, 1250 to 1500|url={{Google books|td3tcLWvSNkC|page=327|plainurl=yes}}|page=327|publisher=University of Chicago Press|place=Chicago|year=1992|isbn=0-226-31962-8}}</ref>

In 1497, Spanish forces took [[Melilla]], west of Oran, and the island of [[Djerba]], south of Tunis, and went on to more important gains, with the bloody [[Spanish conquest of Oran (1509)|seizure of Oran in 1509]], and the capture of [[Bougie]] and [[Spanish conquest of Tripoli (1510)|Tripoli in 1510]]. The Spanish capture of [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]] cost them some 300 men, while the inhabitants suffered between 3,000 and 5,000 killed and another 5,000–6,000 carried off as slaves.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Last Great Muslim Empires|page=138}}</ref> Soon thereafter, however, they faced competition from the rapidly expanding [[Ottoman Empire]] in the east and were pushed back.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Davison |first=Derek |title=Today in European history: the 'Reconquista' ends (1492) |url=https://fx.substack.com/p/today-in-european-history-the-reconquista |access-date=2022-09-13 |website=fx.substack.com |language=en}}</ref>