Editing Peru (section)

== Infrastructure ==
=== Transport ===
[[File:Paisaje cerca de Ica, Perú, 2015-07-29, DD 45.JPG|thumb|Highway in [[Ica, Peru|Ica]]]]
Peru's road network in 2021 consisted of {{convert|175589|km|0|abbr=on}} of highways, with {{convert|29579|km|0|abbr=on}} paved.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Estadística – Infraestructura de Transportes – Infraestructura Vial |url=https://www.gob.pe/institucion/mtc/informes-publicaciones/344790-estadistica-infraestructura-de-transportes-infraestructura-vial |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326024359/https://www.gob.pe/institucion/mtc/informes-publicaciones/344790-estadistica-infraestructura-de-transportes-infraestructura-vial |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=12 July 2022 |website=www.gob.pe}}</ref> Some highways in the country that stand out are the [[Pan American Highway]] and [[Interoceanic Highway]]. In 2016, the country had {{convert|827|km|0|abbr=on}} of [[Dual carriageway|duplicated highways]], and was investing in more duplications: the plan was to have {{convert|2634|km|0|abbr=on}} in 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Visión de desarrolo de la infraestructura vial |url=https://www.cip.org.pe/publicaciones/2018/vision-de-desarrollo-de-la-infraestructura-vial.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220717052534/https://www.cip.org.pe/publicaciones/2018/vision-de-desarrollo-de-la-infraestructura-vial.pdf |archive-date=17 July 2022 |access-date=12 July 2022}}</ref>  The country's rail network is small: in 2018, the country only had {{convert|1939|km|0|abbr=on}} of railways.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Estadística – Infraestructura de Transportes – Infraestructura Ferroviaria |url=https://www.gob.pe/institucion/mtc/informes-publicaciones/344794-estadistica-infraestructura-de-transportes-infraestructura-ferroviaria |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221022021352/https://www.gob.pe/institucion/mtc/informes-publicaciones/344794-estadistica-infraestructura-de-transportes-infraestructura-ferroviaria |archive-date=22 October 2022 |access-date=12 July 2022 |website=www.gob.pe}}</ref>

Peru has important international airports such as [[Jorge Chávez International Airport|Lima]], [[Alejandro Velasco Astete International Airport|Cuzco]] and [[Rodríguez Ballón International Airport|Arequipa]]. The 10 busiest airports in South America in 2017 were: São Paulo-Guarulhos (Brazil), Bogotá (Colombia), São Paulo-Congonhas (Brazil), Santiago (Chile), Lima (Peru), Brasília (Brazil), Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), Buenos Aires-Aeroparque (Argentina), Buenos Aires-Ezeiza (Argentina) and Minas Gerais (Brazil).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Andrade |first=Artur Luiz |date=29 October 2018 |title=Brasil tem 9 dos maiores aeroportos da América Latina |url=https://www.panrotas.com.br/aviacao/aeroportos/2018/10/brasil-tem-9-dos-maiores-aeroportos-da-america-latina_159919.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111125631/https://www.panrotas.com.br/aviacao/aeroportos/2018/10/brasil-tem-9-dos-maiores-aeroportos-da-america-latina_159919.html |archive-date=11 January 2021 |access-date=12 July 2022 |website=Portal PANROTAS}}</ref> Multiple airport expansions are currently under construction across Peru, the two main ones being the [[Jorge Chávez International Airport]] and [[Chinchero International Airport]]. [[Jorge Chávez International Airport]], the largest in Peru, is undergoing an expansion which includes the construction of a new runway, control tower and a new terminal, along with new hotels, logistical buildings and cargo sector. Altogether, they make up the Ciudad Aeropuerto, Airport City. It will allow transit of 40 million passengers every year and will be completed in December 2024. Another ambitious airport project is the [[Chinchero International Airport]] in [[Department of Cuzco|Cusco]]. The new airport is set to replace the old [[Alejandro Velasco Astete International Airport]] and help passengers bypass a stop in Lima by introducing international routes.

[[File:Puerto de Callao.jpg|thumb|[[Port of Callao]]]]Peru has important ports in [[Callao]], [[Ilo, Peru|Ilo]] and [[Matarani]]. The 15 most active ports in South America in 2018 were: Port of Santos (Brazil), Port of Bahia de Cartagena (Colombia), Callao (Peru), Guayaquil (Ecuador), Buenos Aires (Argentina), San Antonio (Chile), Buenaventura (Colombia), Itajaí (Brazil), Valparaíso (Chile), Montevideo (Uruguay), Paranaguá (Brazil), Rio Grande (Brazil), São Francisco do Sul (Brazil), Manaus (Brazil) and Coronel (Chile).<ref>{{Cite web |title=actividad portuaria de América Latina y el Caribe 2018 |url=https://www.cepal.org/sites/default/files/news/files/actividad_portuaria_2018.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114132759/https://www.cepal.org/sites/default/files/news/files/actividad_portuaria_2018.pdf |archive-date=14 January 2021 |access-date=12 July 2022}}</ref> The [[Port of Callao]] is currently the largest port in Peru, but will soon be overtaken by the [[Chancay Port Terminal]], a joint project between [[China]] and Peru in [[Chancay]], north of [[Lima]]. When completed, the port will become the largest in Latin America.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-15 |title=With Peru port project, China gains a foothold in America's backyard |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/china-peru-chancay-port-rcna124564 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240509224633/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/china-peru-chancay-port-rcna124564 |archive-date=9 May 2024 |access-date=2024-05-09 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref> The first stage of construction is expected to be complete in late 2024.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 August 2023 |title=Chinese-backed port project in Peru to be the 'gateway from South America to Asia,' official says |url=https://apnews.com/article/peru-chancay-china-port-construction-d13e8e8fe19289a6ab97628f708bc671 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516224301/https://apnews.com/article/peru-chancay-china-port-construction-d13e8e8fe19289a6ab97628f708bc671 |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=10 May 2024 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref>

=== Energy ===
[[File:Dam on urubamba river.jpg|thumb|Dam on the [[Urubamba River]] in 2013]]
The electricity sector has experienced notable improvements in recent years. The number of homes with electric lighting grew from 82% in 2007 to 94.2% in 2016, while the quality and effectiveness of service provision also improved. Current electricity generation capacity is evenly divided between thermal energy and hydroelectric energy sources. The National Interconnected Electrical System supplies 85% of the connected population, with several isolated systems that cover the rest of the country. Peruvian electricity production totalled 5.1 TWh in the month of October 2022. Of these, 52% came from hydroelectric plants, 38.3% from thermoelectric plants (which use oil, gas and coal) and 9.7% of renewable energy plants like: wind, solar, and others.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ceicdata.com/en/indicator/peru/electricity-production|title=Peru Electricity Production, 1978 – 2023 &#124; CEIC Data|website=www.ceicdata.com|access-date=26 January 2023|archive-date=26 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230126153442/https://www.ceicdata.com/en/indicator/peru/electricity-production|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2021, Peru had, in terms of installed renewable electricity, 5,490 MW in hydropower (34th largest in the world), 409 MW in wind power (49th largest in the world), 336 MW in solar power (62nd largest in the world), and 185 MW in biomass.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2022/Apr/IRENA_RE_Capacity_Statistics_2022.pdf |work=IRENA |title=Renewable Capacity Statistics 2022 |access-date=19 May 2022 |archive-date=9 October 2022 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2022/Apr/IRENA_RE_Capacity_Statistics_2022.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Healthcare ===
[[File:Hospital de Tarapoto 2.jpg|thumb|Hospital of [[Tarapoto]]]]
{{main|Health in Peru|Healthcare system}}

According to the [[Pan American Health Organization]], life expectancy for men is 72.6 years, while for women it is 77.9 years. Infant mortality is eighteen per thousand births, having been reduced 76% from 1990 to 2011.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Core Indicators, Health Situation in the America's |url=https://iris.paho.org/bitstream/handle/10665.2/34329/CoreIndicators2017_eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |access-date=9 May 2024 |archive-date=1 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601200823/https://iris.paho.org/bitstream/handle/10665.2/34329/CoreIndicators2017_eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |url-status=live}}</ref> The main causes of death of Peruvians are [[neoplasm]], [[influenza]] and [[pneumonia]], bacterial diseases, ischemic heart diseases and cerebrovascular diseases. According to the 2017 Population and Housing Censuses, 75.5% of the population has some type of health insurance, that is, 22,173,663 people, despite this, 24.5% of the population does not have any type of insurance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Perfil Sociodemografico |url=https://www.inei.gob.pe/media/MenuRecursivo/publicaciones_digitales/Est/Lib1539/libro.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200211135110/https://www.inei.gob.pe/media/MenuRecursivo/publicaciones_digitales/Est/Lib1539/libro.pdf |access-date=27 September 2018 |archive-date=11 February 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref>