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==Epidemiology== [[File:Peptic ulcer disease world map-Deaths per million persons-WHO2012.svg|thumb|upright=1.3|Deaths from peptic ulcer disease per million persons in 2012 {{Div col|small=yes|colwidth=10em}}{{legend|#ffff20|0-7}}{{legend|#ffe820|8-11}}{{legend|#ffd820|12-16}}{{legend|#ffc020|17-19}}{{legend|#ffa020|20-25}}{{legend|#ff9a20|26-32}}{{legend|#f08015|33-40}}{{legend|#e06815|41-53}}{{legend|#d85010|54-72}}{{legend|#d02010|73-132}}{{div col end}}]] [[File:peptic ulcer disease world map - DALY - WHO2004.svg|thumb|upright=1.3|[[Disability-adjusted life year]] for peptic ulcer disease per 100,000 inhabitants in 2004.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/estimates_country/en/index.html |title=WHO Disease and injury country estimates |year=2009 |work=World Health Organization |access-date=11 November 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091111101009/http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/estimates_country/en/index.html |archive-date=11 November 2009 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>{{Div col|small=yes|colwidth=10em}} {{legend|#b3b3b3|no data}} {{legend|#ffff65|less than 20}} {{legend|#fff200|20β40}} {{legend|#ffdc00|40β60}} {{legend|#ffc600|60β80}} {{legend|#ffb000|80β100}} {{legend|#ff9a00|100β120}} {{legend|#ff8400|120β140}} {{legend|#ff6e00|140β160}} {{legend|#ff5800|160β180}} {{legend|#ff4200|180β200}} {{legend|#ff2c00|200β220}} {{legend|#cb0000|more than 220}} {{div col end}}]] The lifetime risk for developing a peptic ulcer is approximately 5% to 10%<ref name=Snow2008/><ref name="Angel 2017"/> with the rate of 0.1% to 0.3% per year.<ref name="Angel 2017">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lanas A, Chan FK | title = Peptic ulcer disease | journal = Lancet | volume = 390 | issue = 10094 | pages = 613β624 | date = August 2017 | pmid = 28242110 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32404-7 | s2cid = 4547048 }}</ref> Peptic ulcers resulted in 301,000 deaths in 2013, down from 327,000 in 1990.<ref name="GDB2013"/> In Western countries, the percentage of people with ''H. pylori'' infections roughly matches age (i.e., 20% at age 20, 30% at age 30, 80% at age 80, etc.). Prevalence is higher in third world countries, where it is estimated at 70% of the population, whereas developed countries show a maximum of a 40% ratio. Overall, ''H. pylori'' infections show a worldwide decrease, more so in developed countries. Transmission occurs via food, contaminated groundwater, or human saliva (such as from kissing or sharing food utensils).<ref name="pmid11218379">{{cite journal | vauthors = Brown LM | title = Helicobacter pylori: epidemiology and routes of transmission | journal = Epidemiologic Reviews | volume = 22 | issue = 2 | pages = 283β97 | year = 2000 | pmid = 11218379 | doi = 10.1093/oxfordjournals.epirev.a018040 | df = dmy-all | doi-access = free }}</ref> Peptic ulcer disease had a tremendous effect on morbidity and mortality until the last decades of the 20th century when epidemiological trends started to point to an impressive fall in its incidence. The reason that the rates of peptic ulcer disease decreased is thought to be the development of new effective medication and acid suppressants and the rational use of [[nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug]]s (NSAIDs).<ref name="Angel 2017"/>
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