Editing Norway (section)

=== Human rights ===
{{main|Human rights in Norway}}
Norway has been considered a progressive country, which has adopted legislation and policies to support women's rights, minority rights, and [[LGBT rights in Norway|LGBT rights]]. As early as 1884, 171 of the leading figures, among them five Prime Ministers, co-founded the [[Norwegian Association for Women's Rights]].<ref>Aslaug Moksnes. ''Likestilling eller særstilling? Norsk kvinnesaksforening 1884–1913'' (p. 35), [[Gyldendal Norsk Forlag]], 1984, {{ISBN|8205153566}}</ref> They successfully campaigned for women's [[right to education]], [[women's suffrage]], the [[right to work]], and other gender equality policies. From the 1970s, gender equality also came high on the state agenda, with the establishment of a public body to promote gender equality, which evolved into the [[Gender Equality and Anti-Discrimination Ombud]]. Civil society organisations also continue to play an important role; women's rights organisations are today organised in the [[Norwegian Women's Lobby]] umbrella organisation.

In 1990, the Norwegian constitution was amended to grant [[absolute primogeniture]] to the Norwegian throne, meaning that the eldest child, regardless of gender, takes precedence in the line of succession. As it was not retroactive, the current successor to the throne is the eldest son of the King, rather than his eldest child.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stortinget.no/en/In-English/About-the-Storting/The-Constitution/The-Constitution/ |title=The Constitution – Complete text |publisher=Stortinget.no |access-date=23 July 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629190647/http://stortinget.no/en/In-English/About-the-Storting/The-Constitution/The-Constitution/ |archive-date=29 June 2011}}</ref>

The Sámi people have for centuries been the subject of discrimination and abuse by the dominant cultures in Scandinavia and Russia, those countries claiming possession of Sámi lands.<ref>{{cite book|title=Civil Society in the Baltic Sea Region |first=Reetta |last=Toivanen |editor-first=Norbert |editor-last=Götz|year=2003 |publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. |isbn=978-0754633174 |pages=205–216 |display-authors=etal}}</ref> Norway has been greatly criticised by the international community for the politics of [[Norwegianization]] of and discrimination against the indigenous population of the country.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.galdu.org/govat/doc/mindeengelsk.pdf |title=Journal of Indigenous People Rights. Issue No. 3/2005 |access-date=31 March 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150212030751/http://www.galdu.org/govat/doc/mindeengelsk.pdf |archive-date=12 February 2015 }}</ref> Nevertheless, Norway was, in 1990, the first country to recognise [[Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989|ILO-convention 169]] on [[indigenous people]] recommended by the UN.

Norway was the first country in the world to enact an anti-discrimination law protecting the rights of gay men and lesbians. In 1993, Norway became the second country to legalise [[civil union]] partnerships for same-sex couples, and on 1 January 2009, [[Same-sex marriage in Norway|Norway became the sixth country]] to legalise [[same-sex marriage]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Same-Sex Marriage Around the World |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/fact-sheet/gay-marriage-around-the-world/ |website=[[Pew Research Center]] |date=9 June 2023 |access-date=26 October 2023 |archive-date=16 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116174657/https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/fact-sheet/gay-marriage-around-the-world/ |url-status=live }}</ref> As a promoter of human rights, Norway has held the annual [[Oslo Freedom Forum]] conference, a gathering described by ''[[The Economist]]'' as "on its way to becoming a human-rights equivalent of the Davos economic forum".<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.economist.com/node/16219707?story_id=16219707 |title=Human rights: A crowded field |newspaper=The Economist |date=27 May 2010 |access-date=23 July 2011 |archive-date=29 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629210338/http://www.economist.com/node/16219707?story_id=16219707 |url-status=live }}</ref>