Editing Nanjing (section)

==Demographics==
{{See also|Population of Nanjing in December of 1937}}
{| border="1" align=right; style="float:right; margin: 1em;border-collapse:collapse;"
|+ '''Population trend'''<ref>{{cite book |language=zh-hans |author=Nanjing Bureau of Statistics ({{lang|zh-hans|南京市统计局}}) |script-title=zh:《南京统计年鉴2013》 |year=2013 |publisher=[[:zh:中国统计出版社|China Statistics Print]] |isbn=978-7-5037-6859-0 |url=http://www.njtj.gov.cn/file/nj2004/2013/index.htm |access-date=May 29, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140612001913/http://www.njtj.gov.cn/file/nj2004/2013/index.htm |archive-date=June 12, 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| valign="top" |
{|
|-
! style="background:#efefef;" | Year
!  style="background:#efefef; width:80px;"| Residents (in million)
!  style="background:#efefef; width:100px;"| natural growth rate (%)
|-
| 1949 || style="text-align:right;"| 2.5670 || style="text-align:right;"|13.09
|-
| 1950 || style="text-align:right;"| 2.5670 || style="text-align:right;"|15.64
|-
| 1955 || style="text-align:right;"| 2.8034 || style="text-align:right;"|19.94
|-
| 1960 || style="text-align:right;"| 3.2259 || style="text-align:right;"|0.23
|-
| 1965 || style="text-align:right;"| 3.4529 || style="text-align:right;"|25.58
|-
| 1970 || style="text-align:right;"| 3.6053 || style="text-align:right;"|20.76
|-
| 1975 || style="text-align:right;"| 3.9299 || style="text-align:right;"|9.53
|-
| 1978 || style="text-align:right;"| 4.1238 || style="text-align:right;"|8.84
|-
| 1990 || style="text-align:right;"| 5.0182 || style="text-align:right;"|9.18
|}
| valign="top" |
{|
|-
! style="background:#efefef;" | Year
! style="background:#efefef; width:80px;"| Residents (in million)
! style="background:#efefef; width:100px;"| natural growth rate (%)
|-
| 1995 || style="text-align:right;"| 5.2172 || style="text-align:right;"|2.62
|-
| 1996 || style="text-align:right;"| 5.2543 || style="text-align:right;"|2.63
|-
| 1997 || style="text-align:right;"| 5.2982 || style="text-align:right;"|2.16
|-
| 1998 || style="text-align:right;"| 5.3231 || style="text-align:right;"|1.00
|-
| 1999 || style="text-align:right;"| 5.3744 || style="text-align:right;"|2.01
|-
| 2000 || style="text-align:right;"| 5.4489 || style="text-align:right;"|2.48
|-
| 2001 || style="text-align:right;"| 5.5304 || style="text-align:right;"|1.60
|-
| 2002 || style="text-align:right;"| 5.6328 || style="text-align:right;"|0.70
|-
| 2003 || style="text-align:right;"| 5.7223 || style="text-align:right;"|1.50
|-
| 2006 || style="text-align:right;"| 6.0700 || style="text-align:right;"|6.11
|}
|}

At the time of the [[2010 PRC census|2010 census]], the total population of the City of Nanjing was 8.005&nbsp;million. The [[OECD]] estimated the encompassing [[metropolitan area]] at the time as 11.7&nbsp;million.<ref name="oecd2015">{{cite book |doi=10.1787/9789264230040-en |title=OECD Urban Policy Reviews: China 2015, OECD READ edition |url=http://www.keepeek.com/Digital-Asset-Management/oecd/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015_9789264230040-en#page39 |publisher=[[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development|OECD]] |page=37 |via=OECD iLibrary |language=en |date=April 18, 2015 |issn=2306-9341 |isbn=9789264230033 |access-date=December 9, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170327210032/http://www.keepeek.com/Digital-Asset-Management/oecd/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015_9789264230040-en#page39 |archive-date=March 27, 2017 |url-status=live  }}Linked from the OECD [http://www.oecd.org/china/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015-9789264230040-en.htm here] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171209044027/http://www.oecd.org/china/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015-9789264230040-en.htm |date=December 9, 2017 }}</ref> Official statistics in 2011 estimated the city's population to be 8.11&nbsp;million. The [[birth rate]] was 8.86&nbsp;percent and the [[death rate]] was 6.88&nbsp;percent. The urban area had a population of 6.47&nbsp;million people. The [[human sex ratio|sex ratio]] of the city population was 107.31 males to 100 females.<ref>{{Cite book |language=zh-hans |author=Liu Shaowu (刘绍武) |script-title=zh:中华人民共和国全国分县市人口统计资料 |publisher=群众出版社 |date=2011 |isbn=9787501449170}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |language=zh-hans |url=http://www.njtj.gov.cn/_siteId/4/pageId/63/columnId/3457/articleId/85261/DisplayInfo.aspy |script-title=zh:南京市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报 |publisher=Office of the Sixth National Census, Nanjing Bureau of Statistics |date=May 3, 2011 |access-date=May 29, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111118092730/http://www.njtj.gov.cn/_siteId/4/pageId/63/columnId/3457/articleId/85261/DisplayInfo.aspy |archive-date=November 18, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

As in most of eastern China, the official ethnic makeup of Nanjing is predominantly [[Han nationality]] (98.56&nbsp;percent), with 50 other [[Ethnic minorities in China|official ethnic groups]]. In 1999, 77,394 residents belonged to officially defined minorities, among which the vast majority (64,832) were [[Hui Chinese|Hui]], contributing 83.76&nbsp;percent to the minority population. The second and third largest minority groups were [[Manchu]] (2,311) and [[Zhuang people|Zhuang]] (533). Most of the minority nationalities resided in Jianye District, comprising 9.13&nbsp;percent of the district's population.<ref>{{cite web |language=zh-hans |url=http://www.njmzzj.gov.cn/column/column_27/col_27.html |script-title=zh:南京民族概况 |publisher={{lang|zh-hans|南京市民族宗教事务局}} |date=August 26, 2012 |access-date=May 29, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130517094515/http://www.njmzzj.gov.cn/column/column_27/col_27.html |archive-date=May 17, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Languages ===
{{unreferenced section|date=March 2025}}
[[Nanjing dialect|Nanjing Mandarin]] is spoken in most parts of Nanjing, while [[Wu Chinese]] is spoken in most of the Gaochun District and the southern part of Lishui District. Nanjing dialect has been the official language of China for a long time in history. Jinling Yayan was established as the standard pronunciation of Chinese as an orthodox traditional Chinese dialect in the ancient Central Plains.

In July 2017, the Ministry of Education and the National Language Commission held a press conference, and the penetration rate of Mandarin has reached 73%.

=== Religion ===
{{Unreferenced section|date=October 2024}}
Nanjing has four major religions: [[Buddhism]], [[Taoism]], [[Christianity]], and [[Islam]]. Nanjing is one of the earliest areas in China to spread Buddhist culture. The "480 Temples in the Southern Dynasties" has become the center of Chinese Buddhist culture and the ancestral home of the Sanlunzong, Niutouzong, Fayanzong, and other Buddhist sects. Nanjing is also the place for the revival of modern Chinese Buddhist culture. The Jinling Carved Scriptures integrates Buddhist publishing, dissemination, and research. It is still the world's unparalleled Chinese Buddhist scripture publishing and circulation center. The engraving and printing skills are included in the world's intangible cultural heritage of humanity. Ancient famous temples such as Jianchu Temple, Qixia Temple, [[Waguan Temple]], Qingliang Temple, Jiming Temple, Dabaoen Temple, etc. were revived. Nanjing Taoism has a long history and occupies an important position in the history of Chinese Taoism.{{citation needed|date=October 2024}}

The spread of Catholicism in Nanjing began more than 400 years ago and was started by the scientist and missionary [[Matteo Ricci]].{{citation needed|date=October 2024}} The Shigu Road Catholic Church is the cathedral of the Catholic Diocese of Nanjing. The Nanjing Diocese with Nanjing as its center covers a vast area. As one of the national centers of Christianity in China, Nanjing has two seminaries, Jinling Theological Seminary and Jiangsu Theological Seminary. The Christian social service organization, Amity Foundation and the world's largest Bible printing company, Amity Printing Company are both in Nanjing.

Nanjing is the birthplace of the Islamic "Renaissance" and has an important influence on the development of Chinese Islamic culture.{{citation needed|date=October 2024}}