Editing Myanmar (section)

=== Human rights and internal conflicts ===
{{main|Human rights in Myanmar|Internal conflict in Myanmar}}
{{undue weight section|date=November 2020}}
[[File:Conflict areas in Myanmar.png|thumb|upright=0.8|Map of conflict zones in Myanmar. [[Administrative divisions of Myanmar|States]] and regions affected by fighting during and after 1995 are highlighted in yellow.]]

There is consensus that the former military regime in Myanmar (1962–2010) was one of the world's most repressive and abusive regimes.<ref>{{cite web |title=The World's Most Repressive Regimes 2013 |url=http://www.middle-east-info.org/gateway/mostrepressiveregimes.pdf |publisher=Freedom House |location=Geneva |year=2003 |pages=vii–7 |quote=Burma continues to be ruled by one of the world's most repressive regimes. |access-date=7 November 2010 |archive-date=30 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191030032649/http://www.middle-east-info.org/gateway/mostrepressiveregimes.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | title = Are EU Trade Sanctions on Burma Compatible With WTO Law? | journal=Are EU Trade Sanctions on Burma Compatible with WTO Law? | first = Robert | last = Howse |author2=Jared M. Genser | pages = 166 ff| url = http://students.law.umich.edu/mjil/article-pdfs/v29n2-howse-genser.pdf| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100607153959/http://students.law.umich.edu/mjil/article-pdfs/v29n2-howse-genser.pdf| archive-date = 7 June 2010| access-date =7 November 2010 | quote = repressive and abusive military regime}}</ref> In November 2012, [[Samantha Power]], Barack Obama's Special Assistant to the President on Human Rights, wrote on the White House blog that "Serious human rights abuses against civilians in several regions continue, including against women and children."<ref name=ShanVsGovt /> Members of the United Nations and major international human rights organisations have issued repeated and consistent reports of widespread and systematic human rights violations in Myanmar. The United Nations General Assembly has repeatedly<ref>{{cite web|title=List of UN General Assembly Resolutions on Burma|url=http://www.altsean.org/Research/UN%20Dossier/UNGA.htm|access-date=4 January 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104120635/http://www.altsean.org/Research/UN%20Dossier/UNGA.htm|archive-date=4 November 2016}}</ref> called on the Burmese military junta to respect human rights and in November 2009 the General Assembly adopted a resolution "strongly condemning the ongoing systematic violations of human rights and fundamental freedoms" and calling on the Burmese military regime "to take urgent measures to put an end to violations of international human rights and humanitarian law."<ref>{{Cite press release|title=UN General Assembly Resolution: Time for Concrete Action|publisher=International Federation for Human Rights|date=20 November 2009|url=http://www.fidh.org/UN-General-Assembly-Resolution-time-for-concrete|access-date=4 January 2010|archive-date=29 January 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100129215628/http://www.fidh.org/UN-General-Assembly-Resolution-time-for-concrete|url-status=live}}</ref>

International human rights organisations including [[Human Rights Watch]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hrw.org/english/docs/2004/09/01/burma9290.htm|title=Statement to the EU Development Committee|date=1 September 2004|author=Adams, Brad|publisher=[[Human Rights Watch]]|access-date=12 July 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060620074005/http://hrw.org/english/docs/2004/09/01/burma9290.htm|archive-date=20 June 2006|url-status=dead}}</ref> and [[Amnesty International]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://report2009.amnesty.org/en/regions/asia-pacific/myanmar|title=Amnesty International 2009 Report on Human Rights in Myanmar|access-date=4 January 2010 |author=Adams, Brad|publisher=[[Amnesty International]]|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090912013419/http://report2009.amnesty.org/en/regions/asia-pacific/myanmar|archive-date=12 September 2009}}</ref> have repeatedly documented and condemned widespread human rights violations in Myanmar. The ''Freedom in the World 2011'' report by [[Freedom House]] notes, "The military junta has&nbsp;... suppressed nearly all basic rights; and committed human rights abuses with impunity." In July 2013, the [[Assistance Association for Political Prisoners]] indicated that there were approximately 100 political prisoners being held in Burmese prisons.<ref name="mmtimes1">{{cite news|date=24 July 2013|title=Myanmar set to release some 70 prisoners|newspaper=The Myanmar Times|url=http://www.mmtimes.com/index.php/national-news/7577-myanmar-set-to-release-some-70-prisoners.html|access-date=24 July 2013|archive-date=2 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102003228/http://www.mmtimes.com/index.php/national-news/7577-myanmar-set-to-release-some-70-prisoners.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="irrawaddy1">{{cite news|last=Weng|first=Lawi|date=24 July 2013|title=Burma Govt Releases 73 Political Prisoners|url=http://www.irrawaddy.org/burma/burma-govt-releases-73-political-prisoners.html|access-date=24 July 2013|archive-date=30 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030200045/http://www.irrawaddy.org/burma/burma-govt-releases-73-political-prisoners.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Myanmar: Final push on political prisoners needed|url=http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/50659a382.html|access-date=19 March 2013|date=27 September 2012|archive-date=18 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191218083935/http://www.refworld.org/docid/50659a382.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Burma Frees 56 Political Prisoners|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/burma-frees-fifty-six-political-prisoners-day-after-sanctions-dropped/1647578.html|access-date=26 April 2013|publisher=Voice of America|date=22 April 2013|archive-date=26 April 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130426052937/http://www.voanews.com/content/burma-frees-fifty-six-political-prisoners-day-after-sanctions-dropped/1647578.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Evidence gathered by a British researcher was published in 2005 regarding the extermination or "Burmisation" of certain ethnic minorities, such as the [[Karen people|Karen]], [[Karenni people|Karenni]] and [[Shan people|Shan]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Guardia |first=Anton La |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/Myanmarmyanmar/1492726/Myanmar%27s-%27slow-genocide%27-is-revealed-through-the-eyes-of-its-child-victims.html |title=Myanmar's 'slow genocide' is revealed through the eyes of its child victims |newspaper=The Telegraph |date=24 June 2005 |access-date=20 November 2012 |location=London}}{{dead link|date=July 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
[[File:Mae La refugee camp2.jpg|thumb|[[Mae La refugee camp|Mae La camp]], [[Tak Province|Tak]], Thailand, one of the largest of nine [[UNHCR]] camps in Thailand<ref>{{cite web |title=2013 UNHCR country operations profile – Thailand |work=UNHCR |url=http://www.unhcr.org/pages/49e489646.html |access-date=15 May 2013 |archive-date=24 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130424075211/http://www.unhcr.org/pages/49e489646.html |url-status=live }}</ref>]]

Based on the evidence gathered by Amnesty photographs and video of the ongoing armed conflict between the Myanmar military and the [[Arakan Army]] (AA), attacks escalated on civilians in Rakhine State. Ming Yu Hah, [[Amnesty International]]'s Deputy Regional Director for Campaigns said, the [[UN Security Council]] must urgently refer the situation in Myanmar to the [[International Criminal Court]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2020/10/myanmar-villages-burned-civilians-injured-rakhine-state-conflict/|title=Myanmar: Villages burned, civilians injured and killed as Rakhine State conflict escalates|access-date=12 October 2020|website=Amnesty International|date=12 October 2020|archive-date=15 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201015014929/https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2020/10/myanmar-villages-burned-civilians-injured-rakhine-state-conflict/|url-status=live}}</ref> The military is notorious for rampant use of sexual violence.<ref name="UNHR" />

In November 2024, the [[International Criminal Court|ICC]] prosecutor [[Karim Ahmad Khan|Karim A.A. Khan]] KC filed an arrest warrant application of Senior General, Acting President and Commander-in-Chief of the Myanmar Defence Services [[Min Aung Hlaing]] for "criminal responsibility for the crimes against humanity of deportation and persecution of the Rohingya, committed in Myanmar, and in part in Bangladesh".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Statement of ICC Prosecutor Karim A.A. Khan KC: Application for an arrest warrant in the situation in Bangladesh/Myanmar {{!}} International Criminal Court |url=https://www.icc-cpi.int/news/statement-icc-prosecutor-karim-aa-khan-kc-application-arrest-warrant-situation-bangladesh |access-date=14 January 2025 |website=www.icc-cpi.int |language=en}}</ref>