Editing Manx language (section)

==== Verbs ====
Manx verbs generally form their [[finite verb|finite]] forms by means of [[periphrasis]]: inflected forms of the [[auxiliary verb]]s {{lang|gv|ve}} "to be" or {{lang|gv|jannoo}} "to do" are combined with the [[verbal noun]] of the main verb. Only the [[future tense|future]], [[conditional tense|conditional]], [[preterite]], and [[imperative mood|imperative]] can be formed directly by inflecting the main verb, but even in these tenses, the periphrastic formation is more common in Late Spoken Manx.<ref>Broderick 1984–86, 75–82; 1993, 250, 271; Thomson 1992, 122</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Manx finite verb forms
|-
! Tense
! Periphrastic form<br />(literal translation)
! Inflected form
! Gloss
|-
! Present
| {{lang|gv|ta mee tilgey}}<br />(I am throwing)
| –
| I throw
|-
! Imperfect
| {{lang|gv|va mee tilgey}}<br />(I was throwing)
| –
| I was throwing
|-
! Perfect
| {{lang|gv|ta mee er jilgey}}<br />(I am after throwing)<ref name="er">The particle {{lang|gv|er}} is identical in form to the preposition {{lang|gv|er}} "on"; however, it is etymologically distinct, coming from Old Irish {{lang|sga|íar}} "after" (Williams 1994, 725).</ref>
| –
| I have thrown
|-
! Pluperfect
| {{lang|gv|va mee er jilgey}}<br />(I was after throwing)<ref name="er" />
| –
| I had thrown
|-
! Preterite
| {{lang|gv|ren mee tilgey}}<br />(I did throwing)
| {{lang|gv|hilg mee}}
| I threw
|-
! Future
| {{lang|gv|neeym tilgey}}<br />(I will do throwing)
| {{lang|gv|tilgym}}
| I will throw
|-
! Conditional
| {{lang|gv|yinnin tilgey}}<br />(I would do throwing)
| {{lang|gv|hilgin}}
| I would throw
|-
! Imperative
| {{lang|gv|jean tilgey}}<br />(Do throwing!)
| {{lang|gv|tilg}}
| Throw!
|-
!Past participle
|–
|{{lang|gv|tilgit}}
|thrown
|}

The fully inflected forms of the regular verb {{lang|gv|tilgey}} "to throw" are as follows. In addition to the forms below, a past participle may be formed using {{lang|gv|-it}}: {{lang|gv|tilgit}} "thrown".
{| class="wikitable"
|+Inflection of a regular Manx verb
!Tense
!Independent
!Dependent
!Relative
|-
!Preterite
|{{lang|gv|hilg}}
|(same as independent)
|
|-
!Future
|{{lang|gv|tilgym}}<sup>[[Template:Ref label|[1]]]</sup>, {{lang|gv|tilgmayd}}<sup>[[Template:Ref label|[2]]]</sup>, {{lang|gv|tilgee}}<sup>[[Template:Ref label|[3]]]</sup>
|{{lang|gv|dilgym<sup>[[Template:Ref label|[1]]]</sup>, dilgmayd<sup>[[Template:Ref label|[2]]]</sup>, dilgee<sup>[[Template:Ref label|[3]]]</sup>}}
|{{lang|gv|tilgys}}
|-
!Conditional
|{{lang|gv|tilgin}}<sup>[[Template:Ref label|[1]]]</sup>, {{lang|gv|tilgagh}}<sup>[[Template:Ref label|[3]]]</sup>
|{{lang|gv|dilgin}}<sup>[[Template:Ref label|[1]]]</sup>, {{lang|gv|dilgagh}}<sup>[[Template:Ref label|[3]]]</sup>
|
|-
!Imperative
|{{lang|gv|tilg}}<sup>[[Template:Ref label|[4]]]</sup>, {{lang|gv|tilg-jee}}<sup>[[Template:Ref label|[5]]]</sup>
|(same as independent)
|
|}
1.'''[[template:Ref label|^]]''' First person singular, making the use of a following subject pronoun redundant

2.'''[[template:Ref label|^]]''' First person plural, making the use of a following subject pronoun redundant

3.'''[[template:Ref label|^]]''' Used with all other persons, meaning an accompanying subject must be stated, e.g. {{lang|gv|tilgee eh}} "he will throw", {{lang|gv|tilgee ad}} "they will throw"

4.'''[[template:Ref label|^]]''' Singular subject.

5.'''[[template:Ref label|^]]''' Plural subject.

There are a few peculiarities when a verb begins with a vowel, i.e. the addition of {{lang|gv|d'}} in the preterite and {{lang|gv|n'}} in the future and conditional dependent. Below is the conjugation of {{lang|gv|aase}} "to grow".

There is a small number of irregular verbs, the most irregular of all being {{lang|gv|ve}} "be".
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Forms of verb {{lang|gv|ve}} "to be"
|-
! Form
! Independent
! Dependent
!Relative
|-
! Present
| {{lang|gv|ta}}
| {{lang|gv|vel, nel}}
|–
|-
!Preterite
|{{lang|gv|va}}
|{{lang|gv|row}}
|–
|-
! Future
| {{lang|gv|bee'm, beemayd, bee}}
| (same as independent)
|vees
|-
! Conditional
|{{lang|gv|veign, veagh}}
| {{lang|gv|beign, beagh}}
|–
|-
!Imperative
|{{lang|gv|bee}}
|(same as independent)
|–
|}