Editing Mahabharata (section)

=== Regional versions ===
Many regional versions of the work developed over time, mostly differing only in minor details, or with verses or subsidiary stories being added. These include the [[Tamil culture|Tamil]] street theatre, [[terukkuttu]] and [[kattaikkuttu]], the plays of which use themes from the Tamil language versions of ''Mahābhārata'', focusing on [[Draupadi]].<ref>{{Cite book| last = Srinivas| first = Smriti| title = Landscapes of Urban Memory| publisher = Orient Longman| orig-year = 2001| year = 2004| isbn = 978-81-250-2254-1| oclc = 46353272| page = 23}}</ref>

[[File: Wayang Wong Bharata Pandawa.jpg|thumb|The [[Pandava]]s and [[Krishna]] in an act of the Javanese ''[[wayang wong]]'' performance]]

Outside the Indian subcontinent, in [[Indonesia]], a version was developed in ancient [[Java]] as [[Kakawin Bhāratayuddha]] in the 11th century under the patronage of King [[Dharmawangsa]] (990–1016)<ref>{{cite book| title=The Javanization of the Mahābhārata, Chapter 15. Indic Transformation: The Sanskritization of Jawa and the Javanization of the Bharata| year=2006| publisher=ANU Press| doi=10.22459/A.09.2006| isbn=9780731521326| url=http://press.anu.edu.au/austronesians/austronesians/mobile_devices/ch15s07.html| editor-last1=Bellwood| editor-last2=Fox| editor-last3=Tryon| editor-first1=Peter| editor-first2=James J.| editor-first3=Darrell| doi-access=free| access-date=6 October 2014| archive-date=11 November 2014| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141111122107/http://press.anu.edu.au/austronesians/austronesians/mobile_devices/ch15s07.html| url-status=live}}</ref> and later it spread to the neighboring island of [[Bali]], which remains a Hindu majority island today. It has become the fertile source for Javanese literature, dance drama ([[wayang wong]]), and [[wayang]] shadow puppet performances. This Javanese version of the ''Mahābhārata'' differs slightly from the original Indian version.{{refn|group=note|For example, [[Draupadi]] is only wed to [[Yudhishthira]], not to all the Pandava brothers; this might demonstrate ancient Javanese opposition to [[polyandry]]. {{citation needed|date=March 2016}} The author later added some female characters to be wed to the Pandavas, for example, Arjuna is described as having many wives and consorts next to [[Subhadra]]. Another difference is that [[Shikhandi]]ni does not change her sex and remains a woman, to be wed to [[Arjuna]], and takes the role of a warrior princess during the war. {{citation needed|date=March 2016}} Another twist is that [[Gandhari (character)|Gandhari]] is described as an antagonistic character who hates the Pandavas: her hate is out of jealousy because, during Gandhari's [[swayamvara]], she was in love with Pandu but was later wed to his blind elder brother instead, whom she did not love, so she blindfolded herself as a protest.{{citation needed|date=March 2016}}}} Another notable difference is the inclusion of the [[Punakawan]]s, the clown servants of the main figures in the storyline. These [[Semar]], [[Petruk]], Gareng, and Bagong, who are much-loved by Indonesian audiences. {{citation needed|date=March 2016}} There are also some spin-off episodes developed in ancient Java, such as [[Arjunawiwaha]] composed in the 11th century.

A [[Kawi language|Kawi]] version of the ''Mahabharata'', of which eight of the eighteen ''parvas'' survive, is found on the Indonesian island of [[Bali]]. It has been translated into English by Dr. [[I. Gusti Putu Phalgunadi]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abebooks.com/first-edition/Indonesian-Ramayana-Uttarakanda-Gusti-Putu-Phalgunadi/3848278350/bd|title=Indonesian Ramayana: The Uttarakanda by Dr. I Gusti Putu Phalgunadi: Sundeep Prakashan, New Delhi 9788175740532 Hardcover, First edition.|website=abebooks.com|access-date=2018-11-27|archive-date=4 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804000559/https://www.abebooks.com/first-edition/Indonesian-Ramayana-Uttarakanda-Gusti-Putu-Phalgunadi/3848278350/bd|url-status=live}}</ref>