Editing Magic lantern (section)

===Choreutoscope and phenakistiscope-type systems===
Versions of the magic lantern were used to project transparent variations of the [[phenakistoscope|phénakisticope]]. These were adapted with a mechanism that spins the disc and a shutter system. Duboscq produced some in the 1850s and Thomas Ross patented a version called "Wheel of life" in 1869 and 1870.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stephenherbert.co.uk/wheelPROJECTINGpart1.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140505163214/http://www.stephenherbert.co.uk/wheelPROJECTINGpart1.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-date=5 May 2014 |title=Projection Phenakistoscope 1 |first=Stephen |last=Herbert |website=www.stephenherbert.co.uk |access-date=19 July 2016}}</ref>

The '''[[Choreutoscope]]''' was purportedly invented around 1866 by the [[Greenwich]] engineer John Beale, and demonstrated at the Royal Polytechnic. It projected six pictures and used a hand-cranked mechanism for intermittent movement and synchronized shutter action. The mechanism became a key to the development of the movie camera and projector. The Choreutoscope was used at the first professional public demonstration of the [[Kinetoscope]] to explain its principles.<ref name="LivingPictures">{{Cite book |last=Rossell |first=Deac |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WVVX4NHS8TwC&q=choreutoscope&pg=PA86 |title=Living Pictures: The Origins of the Movies |date=1998 |publisher=State University of New York Press |isbn=0-585-06234-X |location=Albany, New York |oclc=42636554}}</ref>{{Rp|86}}<ref>{{Cite book |last=Liesegang |first=Franz Paul |url=https://archive.org/details/zahlenundquellen00fpau/page/54/mode/1up |title=Zahlen und quellen |date=1926 |publisher=Berlin : G m. b. H. (Hackebeil) |others=Media History Digital Library}}</ref>

An "Optical Instrument" was patented in the U.S. in 1869 by O.B. Brown, using a phenakistiscope-like disc with a technique very close to the later cinematograph; with Maltese Cross motion; a star-wheel and pin being used for intermittent motion, and a two-sector shutter.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US93594 |title=U.S. Patent No. 93,594 |date=10 August 1869}}</ref>