Editing Macedonian language (section)

==Political views on the language==
{{Main|Political views on the Macedonian language|Macedonian language naming dispute}}
Politicians and scholars from North Macedonia, Bulgaria and Greece have opposing views about the existence and distinctiveness of the Macedonian language. Through history Macedonian has been referred mainly to as a variant of Bulgarian,<ref name="bg">{{cite book |author=Institute of Bulgarian Language |title=Единството на българския език в миналото и днес |trans-title=The unity of the Bulgarian language in the past and today |publisher=[[Bulgarian Academy of Sciences]] |year=1978 |page=4 |language=bg |location=[[Sofia]] |oclc=6430481}}</ref> but especially during the first half of the 20th century also as Serbian,{{sfn|Comrie|Corbett|2002|p=251}} and as a distinct language of its own.{{sfn|Adler|1980|p=215}}{{sfn|Seriot|1997|pp=270–271}} Historically, after its codification, the use of the language has been a subject of different views and internal policies in Serbia, Bulgaria and Greece.{{sfn|Friedman|Garry|Rubino|2001|page=436}}{{sfn|Kramer|1999|pp=237–245}} Some international scholars also maintain Macedo-Bulgarian was a single pluricentric language until the 20th century and argue that the idea of linguistic separatism emerged in the late 19th century with the advent of [[Macedonian nationalism]] and the need for a separate Macedonian standard language subsequently appeared in the early 20th century.{{sfn|Fishman|1993|page=161–162}} Different linguists have argued that during its codification, the Macedonian standard language was [[Serbianization|Serbianized]] with regards to its orthography{{sfn|Friedman|1998|p=38}}<ref>{{cite journal|first=Tchavdar |last=Marinov |journal=Sociétés Politiques Comparées |title=Historiographical Revisionism and Re-Articulation of Memory in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia|page=7|date=25 May 2010|volume=25|s2cid=174770777 |url=https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a3e1/ea1d51204ae39b35916870d2f149aeb83856.pdf|access-date=3 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200215022342/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a3e1/ea1d51204ae39b35916870d2f149aeb83856.pdf|archive-date=15 February 2020|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>Voss C., The Macedonian Standard Language: Tito—Yugoslav Experiment or Symbol of 'Great Macedonian' Ethnic Inclusion? in C. Mar-Molinero, P. Stevenson as ed. Language Ideologies, Policies and Practices: Language and the Future of Europe, Springer, 2016, {{ISBN|0230523889}}, p. 126.</ref><ref>De Gruyter as contributor. The Slavic Languages. Volume 32 of Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science (HSK), Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, 2014, p. 1472. {{ISBN|3110215470}}.</ref><ref>Lerner W. Goetingen, Formation of the standard language - Macedonian in the Slavic languages, Volume 32, Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, 2014, {{ISBN|3110393689}}, chapter 109.</ref> and vocabulary.{{sfn|Voß|2018|p=9}}

[[Government of Bulgaria|The government of Bulgaria]], Bulgarian academics, the [[Bulgarian Academy of Sciences]] and the general public have and continue to widely consider Macedonian part of the [[Bulgarian dialects|Bulgarian dialect area]].{{ref|Mahon1}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bnr.bg/en/post/101203235/bulgarian-academy-of-sciences-is-firm-that-macedonian-language-is-bulgarian-dialect|title=Bulgarian Academy of Sciences is firm that "Macedonian language" is Bulgarian dialect|publisher=Bulgarian National Radio|date=12 November 2019|access-date=20 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200404041259/https://www.bnr.bg/en/post/101203235/bulgarian-academy-of-sciences-is-firm-that-macedonian-language-is-bulgarian-dialect|archive-date=4 April 2020|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://balkaninsight.com/2019/10/10/bulgaria-sets-tough-terms-for-north-macedonias-eu-progress/ |title=Bulgaria Sets Tough Terms for North Macedonia's EU Progress|first=Sinisa|last=Jakov Marusic|date=10 October 2019|access-date=18 March 2020|work=[[Balkan Insight]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191211184245/https://balkaninsight.com/2019/10/10/bulgaria-sets-tough-terms-for-north-macedonias-eu-progress/|archive-date=11 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> During the Communist era, Macedonian was recognized as a minority language in Bulgaria and utilized in education from 1946 to 1948. Subsequently, it was described as a dialect of Bulgarian.<ref>Ranko Bugarski, Celia Hawkesworth as editors, Language in the Former Yugoslav Lands, Slavica Publishers, 2004, {{ISBN|0893572985}}, p. 201.</ref> In 1956 the Bulgarian government signed an agreement on mutual legal defense with Yugoslavia, where the Macedonian language is named as one of the languages to be used for legal purposes, together with Bulgarian, Serbo-Croatian and Slovenian.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ciela.net/svobodna-zona-darjaven-vestnik/document/2135462838/issue/4107/dogovor-mezhdu-narodna-republika-balgariya-i-federativna-narodna-republika-yugoslaviya-za-vzaimna-pravna-pomosht--------|title=Agreement between Bulgaria and Yugoslavia for mutual legal defense |publisher=Държавен вестник No 16 |date=22 February 1957 | accessdate=13 January 2020}}</ref> The same year Bulgaria revoked its recognition of Macedonian nationhood and language and implicitly resumed its prewar position of their non-existence.<ref>Raymond Detrez, (2010) The A to Z of Bulgaria, Issue 223 of A to Z Guides, Edition 2, Scarecrow Press, 2010, {{ISBN|0810872021}}.</ref> In 1999 the government in [[Sofia]] signed a [[s:en:Joint Declaration of 22 February 1999|Joint Declaration]] in the official languages of the two countries, marking the first time it agreed to sign a bilateral agreement written in Macedonian.{{sfn|Kramer|1999}} Dialect experts of the Bulgarian language refer to the Macedonian language as ''македонска езикова норма'' (Macedonian linguistic norm) of the Bulgarian language.{{sfn|Reimann|2014|page=41}} As of 2019, disputes regarding the language and its origins are ongoing in academic and political circles in the two countries.

The Greek scientific and local community opposed using the denomination Macedonian to refer to the language in light of the [[Macedonia naming dispute|Greek-Macedonian naming dispute]]. Instead, the language is often called "Slavic", "Slavomacedonian" (translated to "Macedonian Slavic" in English), ''makedonski'', ''makedoniski'' ("Macedonian"),{{sfn|Whitman|1994|page=37}} ''slaviká'' (Greek: "Slavic"), ''dópia'' or ''entópia'' (Greek: "local/indigenous [language]"),<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Greek Helsinki Monitor |title=Report about Compliance with the Principles of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities |url=http://dev.eurac.edu:8085/mugs2/do/blob.html?type=html&serial=1044526702223 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030523145306/http://dev.eurac.edu:8085/mugs2/do/blob.html?type=html&serial=1044526702223 |archive-date=23 May 2003 |url-status=dead |access-date=12 January 2009}}</ref> ''balgàrtzki'' (Bulgarian) or "Macedonian" in some parts of the region of [[Kastoria]],{{sfn|Danforth|1995|page=62}} ''bògartski'' ("Bulgarian") in some parts of Dolna Prespa<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shklifov|first1=Blagoy|first2=Ekaterina|last2=Shklifova|title=Български деалектни текстове от Егейска Македония|location=Sofia|year=2003|pages=28–36|language=bg|trans-title=Bulgarian dialect texts from Aegean Macedonia}}</ref> along with ''naši'' ("our own") and ''stariski'' ("old").{{sfn|Whitman|1994|page=37}} However, with the [[Prespa agreement]] signed in June 2018 and ratified by the [[Greek Parliament]] on 25 January 2019, Greece officially recognized the name "Macedonian" for the language.<ref>{{cite web |title=Republic of North Macedonia with Macedonian language and identity, says Greek media |url=https://meta.mk/en/republic-of-north-macedonia-with-macedonian-language-and-identity-says-greek-media/ |website=Meta.mk |publisher=Meta |access-date=12 June 2018 |date=12 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613015138/http://meta.mk/en/republic-of-north-macedonia-with-macedonian-language-and-identity-says-greek-media/ |archive-date=13 June 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> Additionally, on 27 July 2022,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.slobodenpecat.mk/en/sudska-pobeda-na-makedonskiot-jazik-vo-grcija-sudot-vo-lerin-gi-odbi-tuzhbite-za-zabrana-na-centarot-za-makedonski-jazik-vo-grcija/|title=Judicial victory for the Macedonian language in Greece: The court in Lerin rejected the lawsuits to ban the Macedonian Language Center in Greece|newspaper=[[Sloboden Pečat]]|date=19 March 2023}}</ref> in a landmark ruling, the [[Centre for the Macedonian Language in Greece]] was officially registered as a non-governmental organization. This is the first time that a cultural organization promoting the Macedonian language has been legally approved in Greece and the first legal recognition of the Macedonian language in Greece since at least 1928.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/mk/grcija-go-registrirase-centarot-za-makedonski-jazik/a-63925047|title=Грција го регистрираше центарот за македонски јазик|trans-title=Greece Registered the Macedonian-language Center|publisher=Deutsche Welle|date=29 November 2022|language=Macedonian}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.slobodenpecat.mk/centarot-na-makedonskiot-jazik-vo-grcija-oficijalno-registriran-od-sudskite-vlasti/|title="Центарот на македонскиот јазик во Грција" официјално регистриран од судските власти|trans-title="The Center of Macedonian language in Greece" officially registered by court laws|publisher=Sloboden Pecat|date=29 November 2022|language=Macedonian}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ethnos.gr/greece/article/234940/egkrithhkekentromakedonikhsglossassthnflorinaeyxaristieszaefsetsipramhtsotakh|title=Εγκρίθηκε "Κέντρο Μακεδονικής Γλώσσας" στην Φλώρινα: Ευχαριστίες Ζάεφ σε Τσίπρα - Μητσοτάκη|trans-title="Centre for Macedonian Language" was approved in Florina: Zaev thanks Tsipras - Mitsotakis|publisher=Ethnos|date=29 November 2022|access-date=29 November 2022|language=Greek}}</ref><ref name="George">Mavrogordatos, George. ''Stillborn Republic: Social Coalitions and Party Strategies in Greece, 1922–1936''. University of California Press, 1983. {{ISBN|9780520043589}}, p. 227, 247</ref>