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== Politics == {{See also|Lists of Polish politicians}} {{col-begin}} {{col-break}} {{div col|colwidth=27em}} * [[Tomasz Arciszewski]] (1877–1955), first Prime Minister of Poland in exile (1944–47) * [[Kasimir Felix Graf Badeni|Kazimierz Feliks Badeni]] (1846–1909), count, Minister-President of Austria (1895–97) * [[Menachem Begin]] (1913–1992), founder of both [[Herut]] and [[Likud]], sixth Prime Minister of [[Israel]] * [[David Ben-Gurion]] (born David Grün; 1886–1973), head of the [[Jewish Agency]], first Prime Minister of Israel * [[Marek Belka]] (born 1952), director of economic policy in the interim coalition administration of [[Iraq]], Prime Minister of Poland (2004–05) * [[Bolesław Bierut]] (1892–1956), leader of communist Poland (1948–56) * [[Michael Bobrzynski|Michał Bobrzyński]] (1849–1935), Governor of Galicia (1908–13) * [[Anna Borucka-Cieślewicz]] (born 1941), elected to the [[Sejm]] in 2005 * [[Zbigniew Brzezinski|Zbigniew Brzeziński]] (1928–2017), Polish-American political scientist, advisor to US President [[Jimmy Carter]] * [[Matheus Butrymowicz]] (1745–1814), liberal member of the [[Great Sejm]] assembled in Warsaw (1788–92) * [[Jerzy Buzek]] (born 1940), Prime Minister of Poland (1997–2001), [[President of the European Parliament]] (2009–12) * [[Jan Ciechanowski (diplomat)|Jan Ciechanowski]] (1887–1973), Ambassador to the United States * [[Alexandre Colonna-Walewski]] (1810–1868), Polish and French politician and diplomat; French Foreign Minister under [[Napoleon III]]. * [[Józef Cyrankiewicz]] (1911–1989), Prime Minister of communistic Poland (1947–52 and 1954–70) * [[Adam Jerzy Czartoryski]] (1770–1861), prince, statesman, Prime Minister (1830–31) * [[Ignacy Daszyński]] (1866–1936), prime minister of the [[Provisional People's Government of the Republic of Poland]] (1918) * [[Jan Dekert]] (1738–1790), merchant, mayor of Warsaw (1789–90) * [[Isaac Deutscher]] (1907–1967), writer, journalist, political activist * [[Heinrich Dietz]] (1840–1901), member of the Prussian parliament, philanthropist * [[Roman Dmowski]] (1864–1939), nationalist politician, statesman * [[Andrzej Duda]] (born 1972), sixth President of the Third Polish Republic (since 2015) * [[Felix Dzerzhynsky|Feliks Dzierżyński]] (1877–1926), founder of [[Soviet State Security]] under the original name ''[[Cheka]]'' * [[Edward Gierek]] (1913–2001), leader of communist Poland (1970–80) * [[Maciej Golubiewski]] (born 1976), political scientist and diplomat * [[Władysław Gomułka]] (1905–1982), leader of communist Poland (1956–70) * [[Ludwik Gorzkowski]] (1811–1857), politician and revolutionary activist * [[Julian Gutowski]] (1823–1890), Mayor of Nowy Sącz (1867–70) * [[Piotr Jaroszewicz]] (1909–1992), Prime Minister of communist Poland (1970–80) * [[Wojciech Jaruzelski]] (1923–2014), last leader of communist Poland (1981–89), first President of the Third Polish Republic (1989–90) * [[Wojciech Jastrzębowski]] (1799–1882) was a [[polymath]] who in 1831, after fighting in Poland's [[November Uprising|November 1830 Uprising]], drafted the first constitution for his proposed [[European Union|European union]]. * [[Ryszard Kaczorowski]] (1919–2010), sixth and last President of Poland in exile (1989–90) * [[Jarosław Kaczyński]] (born 1949), identical twin brother of Lech, leader of [[Law and Justice]] party, Prime Minister of Poland (2006–07) * [[Lech Kaczyński]] (1949–2010), fourth President (2005–10) of Third Polish Republic, died in [[Smolensk air disaster|Smolensk air crash]] * [[Hugo Kołłątaj]] (1750–1812), co-author of [[Constitution of 3 May 1791]] * [[Bronisław Komorowski]] (born 1952), fifth President of the Third Polish Republic (2010–15) * [[Wojciech Korfanty]] (1873–1939), leader of Silesians during the [[Third Silesian uprising]] * [[Janusz Korwin-Mikke]] (born 1942), free-market activist * [[Stanisław Kot]] (1885–1975), historian, politician, diplomat * [[Leon Kozłowski]] (1892–1944), archeologist; Prime Minister of Poland (1934–35). * [[Adrian Kubicki]] (born 1987), [[Polish Consulate General, New York City|Consul General of the Republic of Poland in New York City]] * [[Jan Kucharzewski]] (1876–1952) , first Prime Minister of Kingdom of Poland (1917–18) * [[Jacek Kuroń]] (1934–2004), politician, social activist * [[Anna Kurska]] (1929–2016), judge, lawyer, and member of the Polish Senate * [[Aleksander Kwaśniewski]] (born 1954), third President of the Third Polish Republic (1995–2005) * [[Andrzej Lepper]] (1954–2011, leader of [[Samoobrona]] and Deputy Prime Minister * [[Herman Lieberman]] (1870–1941), lawyer and prominent Socialist politician * [[Feliks Lubienski]] (1758–1848), Minister of Justice, introduced the [[Code Napoleon]], state archives, and public libraries * [[Katarzyna Lubnauer]] (born 1969), leader of [[Modern (political party)|Modern]] political party * [[Rosa Luxemburg]] (1871–1919), leading [[Marxism|Marxist]] theoretician * [[Teofil Magdziński]] (1818–1889), political activist in Bydgoszcz, representative at the Reichstag * [[Julian Marchlewski]] (1866–1925), Soviet politician * [[Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz]] (born 1959), Prime Minister of Poland (2005–06) * [[Tadeusz Mazowiecki]] (1927–2013), politician, first Prime Minister of the Third Polish Republic (Poland) * [[Adam Michnik]] (born 1946), influential journalist * [[Ludwik Mierosławski]] (1814–1878), insurgent, general, [[Paris Commune|Paris communard]] * [[Stanisław Mieroszewski]] (1827–1900), member of the Imperial Council of Austria * [[Stanisław Mikołajczyk]] (1901–1966), Prime Minister of Poland (1943–44), Agrarian Party politician * [[Karol Modzelewski]] (1937–2019), activist, politician and academic * [[Jędrzej Moraczewski]] (1870–1944), first Prime Minister of II RP (1918–19) * [[Ignacy Mościcki]] (1867–1946), third President (1926–39) of the Second Polish Republic * [[Walery Mroczkowski]] (1840–1889), [[Anarchism|anarchist]], friend of [[Mikhail Bakunin]] * [[Lewis Bernstein Namier]] (1888–1960), British politician and historian * [[Gabriel Narutowicz]] (1865–1922), first President of the Second Polish Republic (1922) * [[Józef Oleksy]], Prime Minister of III RP (1995–96), Speaker of the Sejm (1993–95; 2004–05) * [[Janusz Onyszkiewicz]] (born 1937), [[Solidarność]] spokesman, mathematician, alpinist, Minister of Defence * [[Marian P. Opala]], Justice of the Oklahoma Supreme Court * [[Stanisław Osiecki]], Minister of Agriculture 1923, Minister of Trade & Industry (1925-26) * [[Jozef Maksymilian Ossolinski]] (1748–1826), founder of [[Ossolineum]], Poland's signal cultural patron * [[Stanisław Ostrowski]] (1892–1982), third President of Poland in exile (1972–79) * [[Ignacy Paderewski]] (1860–1941), second Prime Minister of the Second Polish Republic (1919) * [[Longin Pastusiak]] (born 1935), Marshal of the Senate (2001–05) * [[Waldemar Pawlak]] (born 1959), Prime Minister of Poland (1992 and 1993–95) *[[Karolina Pawliczak]] (born 1976), lawyer and politician * [[Shimon Peres]] (born Szymon Perski; 1923–2016), President of Israel (2007–14), Prime Minister of Israel (1984–86; 1995–96) * [[Teodoro Picado Michalski]] (1900–1960), Costa Rican president, Polish mother * [[Józef Piłsudski]] (1867–1935), statesman, politician and Marshal of Poland * [[Emilia Plater]] (1806–1831), revolutionary, independence leader * [[Władysław Plater|Władysław Broel-Plater]] (1808–1889), independence activist, founder of [[Polish Museum, Rapperswil]] * [[Alfred Józef Potocki]] (1817 or 1822–1889), count, Minister-President of Austria (1870–71) * [[Ignacy Potocki]] (1750–1809), co-author of [[Constitution of 3 May 1791]] * [[Adam Pragier]] (1886-1976), leading socialist deputy, exiled minister and writer * [[Władysław Raczkiewicz]] (1885–1947), first President of Poland in exile (1939–47) * [[Edward Bernard Raczyński|Edward Raczyński]] (1891–1993), fourth President of Poland in exile (1979–86) * [[Antoni Radziwiłł]] (1775–1833), prince, the Duke-Governor of Grand Duchy of Posen (Poznań) (1815–31) * [[Józef Retinger]] (1888–1960), writer, adviser, [[grey eminence]], founder of the [[Bilderberg Group|Bilderberg conferences]] * [[Adam Ronikier]] (1881–1952), count, president of the [[Central Welfare Council]] (1916–18; 1940–43) * [[Kazimierz Sabbat]] (1913–1989), fifth President of Poland in exile (1986–89) * [[Jacek Saryusz-Wolski]] (born 1948), vice-president of [[European Parliament]] (2004–07) * [[Władysław Sikorski]] (1881–1943), general, Prime Minister of Poland (1939–43) * [[Radosław Sikorski]] (born 1963), politician and former foreign minister (2007–14) * [[Stefan Starzyński]] (1893–1939), President of Warsaw (1934–39) * [[Władysław Studnicki]] (1867–1953), politician and publicist * [[Krzysztof Szczerski]] (born 1973), Ambassador to the UN * [[Beata Szydło]] (born 1963), Prime Minister of Poland (2015–17) * [[Theodore de Korwin Szymanowski]] (1846–1901), conceptualised an economic union for Europe in 1885 * [[Róża Thun]] (born 1954), anticommunist activist, activist for [[European Union]] * [[Donald Tusk]] (born 1957), chairman of [[Civic Platform]]; President of European Council (2014–19) and Prime Minister of Poland (2007–14; 2023–) * [[Kazimierz Tyszka]] (1872–1951), Minister of Railways (1923–25), in [[Władysław Grabski]]'s government * [[Lech Wałęsa]] (born 1943), trade unionist who started dismantling of the Soviet bloc, the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] in 1983, second President of the Third Polish Republic (1990–95) * [[Ludwik Warynski|Ludwik Waryński]] (1856–1889), socialist activist in the 19th century * [[Wanda Wasilewska]] (1905–1964), communist activist during [[World War II]] * [[Edward Werner]] (1878–1945), born in Poland to parents of German origin; vice-Minister of Finance, and Polish diplomat during World War II * [[Alexander Wielopolski]] (1803–1877), count, Marquis of Gonzaga, statesman * [[Wincenty Witos]] (1874–1945), politician of the agrarian party * [[Stanisław Wojciechowski]] (1869–1953), second President of the Second Polish Republic (1922–26) * [[Walery Antoni Wróblewski]] (1836–1908), politician, insurgency commander * [[Joanna Wronecka]] (born 1958), Ambassador to the UN * [[August Zaleski]] (1883–1972), second President of Poland in exile (1947–72) * [[Jan Zamoyski]] (1542–1605), chancellor and grand [[hetman]] of the crown {{div col end}} {{col-break|width=220px}} <gallery mode=nolines widths=100 heights=100 style="width:220px"> File:Brzezinski 1977.jpg|[[Zbigniew Brzezinski|Brzeziński]] File:Jerzy Buzek, 2010.JPG|[[Jerzy Buzek|Buzek]] File:Alexandre Walewski (1810-1868) (A).jpg|[[Alexandre Colonna-Walewski|Colonna-Walewski]] File:Prince Czartoryski by Nadar.jpg|[[Adam Jerzy Czartoryski|Czartoryski]] File:Ignacy Daszynski2 (cropped).jpg|[[Ignacy Daszyński|Daszyński]] File:Roman Dmowski in color.jpg|[[Roman Dmowski|Dmowski]] File:Edward Gierek 1980.jpg|[[Edward Gierek|E. Gierek]] File:Wojciech Jaruzelski.jpg|[[Wojciech Jaruzelski|Jaruzelski]] File:Wojciech Jastrzebowski (5913646).jpg|[[Wojciech Jastrzębowski|Jastrzębowski]] File:Lech Kaczyński.jpg|[[Lech Kaczyński|L. Kaczyński]] File:KPRP 20130131 WG 230 BRONISLAW KOMOROWSKI.jpg|[[Bronisław Komorowski|Komorowski]] File:Ewa Kopacz - Konwencja PO (cropped).jpg|[[Ewa Kopacz|Kopacz]] File:Wojciech Korfanty 1905.jpg|[[Wojciech Korfanty|Korfanty]] File:Stanisław Kot 1933.jpg|[[Stanisław Kot|Kot]] File:Leon Kozłowski 2.jpg|[[Leon Kozłowski|Kozłowski]] File:Aleksander Kwaśniewski - Europejski Kongres Gospodarczy 2013 (5).jpg|[[Aleksander Kwaśniewski|Kwaśniewski]] File:Rosa Luxemburg.jpg|[[Rosa Luxemburg|Luxemburg]] File:Tadeusz Mazowiecki - Europeana 1989 - TV Interview.jpg|[[Tadeusz Mazowiecki|Mazowiecki]] File:Adam Michnik 2018.jpg|[[Adam Michnik|Michnik]] File:Ignacy Moscicki.jpg|[[Ignacy Mościcki|Mościcki]] File:Portret Narutowicz (cropped).jpg|[[Gabriel Narutowicz|Narutowicz]] File:Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz 11.PNG|[[Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz|Niemcewicz]] File:Ignacy Jan Paderewski 1860 - 1941.jpg|[[Ignacy Paderewski|Paderewski]] File:Jozef Pilsudski1.jpg|[[Józef Piłsudski|Piłsudski]] File:Emilia Plater (284384).jpg|[[Emilia Plater|Plater]] File:Jozef Retinger (cropped) (cropped).jpg|[[Józef Retinger|Retinger]] File:Hanna Suchocka, Prime Minister of Poland 1992-1993.jpg|[[Hanna Suchocka|Suchocka]] File:Premier RP Beata Szydło w Parlamencie UE.jpg|[[Beata Szydło|Szydło]] File:Roza Thun in EP.jpg|[[Róża Thun|Thun]] File:Donald Tusk. Tallinn Digital Summit.jpg|[[Donald Tusk|Tusk]] File:Lech Walesa - 2009.jpg|[[Lech Wałęsa|Wałęsa]] File:W. Witos.JPG|[[Wincenty Witos|Witos]] File:Stanislaw Wojciechowski portrait.jpg|[[Stanisław Wojciechowski|Wojciechowski]] </gallery> {{col-end}}
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