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==Later pretenders== Various [[pretender]]s descended from the preceding monarchs have claimed to be the legitimate monarch of France, rejecting the claims of the president of France and of one another. These groups are: * [[Legitimists#List of Legitimist claimants to the French throne|Legitimist claimants to the throne of France]]: Descendants of [[Louis XIV]] through the senior branch of the House of Bourbon, claiming precedence over the House of Bourbon-Orléans by virtue of primogeniture. In 1883, these were split into two factions as [[Henri, Count of Chambord|Henri V]] died without heirs, and his successor as head of the House of Bourbon would have a Spanish Bourbon. Earlier, [[King Philip V of Spain]] (also of the House of Bourbon) had earlier renounced the throne of France for himself and his descendants in the [[Peace of Utrecht]]. One faction were the Unionists, who recognized the Orléanist claimant [[Prince Philippe, Count of Paris|Philippe]] as the pretender to the throne of France and disqualifying the Spanish branch from succession; the other were the [[Blancs d'Espagne]], who insisted that claimant to the throne would remain to be from the Spanish branch according to primogeniture, disregarding the Spanish renunciation. * [[Line of succession to the former French throne (Orléanist)|Orléanist claimants to the throne of France]]: Descendants of Louis-Phillippe, himself descended from a junior line of the Bourbon dynasty, rejecting all heads of state since 1848. They argue that King Louis Philippe acquired legitimacy via [[popular sovereignty]] when the representatives of the French people in the [[French Parliament]] recognized him as king, with the Bourbons having already been rejected and dethroned by the French people after two revolutions. * [[Bonapartism#Bonapartist claimants|Bonapartist claimants to the throne of France]]: Descendants of Napoleon I and his brothers, rejecting all heads of state 1815–48 and since 1870. They argue that the Imperial throne needs to return to the House of Bonaparte, as the monarchs of this house had been chosen directly by the people through referendums, giving them legitimacy to reign via [[popular sovereignty]], and both the Bourbons and the Orléans were rejected and dethroned through revolutions and that the Bonapartes were only dethroned due the interference of foreign enemies, with no popular revolution taking place to overthrow the Bonapartes and that the [[French Third Republic|Third Republic]] was originally intended to be a provisional regime to return the throne to an Orléans or Bourbon (that never happened). * [[English claims to the French throne|English claimants to the throne of France]]: kings of England and later of Great Britain (renounced by [[House of Hanover|Hanoverian]] King [[George III]] upon [[union with Ireland]] in 1800). * [[Jacobite succession|Jacobite claimants to the throne of France]]: senior heirs-general of Edward III of England and thus his [[English claims to the French throne#The Jacobite pretenders|claim to the French throne]]{{Broken anchor|date=2025-01-22|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=English claims to the French throne#The Jacobite pretenders|reason= The anchor (The Jacobite pretenders) [[Special:Diff/879174481|has been deleted]].}}, also claiming England, Scotland, and Ireland.
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