Editing Jurchen people (section)

==Genetics==
[[Haplogroup C-M217|Haplogroup C3b2b1*-M401(xF5483)]]<ref name=WeiYanYuHuang>{{cite journal |last1=Wei |first1=Ryan Lan-Hai |last2=Yan |first2=Shi |last3=Yu |first3=Ge |last4=Huang |first4=Yun-Zhi |title=Genetic trail for the early migrations of Aisin Gioro, the imperial house of the Qing dynasty |journal=Journal of Human Genetics |date=November 2016 |volume=62 |issue=3 |pages=407–411 |publisher=The Japan Society of Human Genetics |doi=10.1038/jhg.2016.142 |pmid=27853133 |s2cid=7685248 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/310477623}}</ref><ref name=YanTachibanaWeiYu>{{cite journal |last1=Yan |first1=Shi |last2=Tachibana |first2=Harumasa |last3=Wei |first3=Lan-Hai |last4=Yu |first4=Ge |last5=Wen |first5=Shao-Qing |last6=Wang |first6=Chuan-Chao |title=Y chromosome of Aisin Gioro, the imperial house of the Qing dynasty. |journal=Journal of Human Genetics |date=June 2015 |volume=60 |issue=6 |pages=295–8 |doi=10.1038/jhg.2015.28 |pmid=25833470 |arxiv=1412.6274 |s2cid=7505563 }}</ref><ref name="DidYouKnowDNA">{{cite web |title=Did you know DNA was used to uncover the origin of the House of Aisin Gioro? |website=Did You Know DNA... |date=14 November 2016 |url=https://www.didyouknowdna.com/famous-dna/aisin-gioro-dna/ |access-date=5 November 2020 |archive-date=1 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231001081333/https://www.didyouknowdna.com/famous-dna/aisin-gioro-dna/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> has been identified as a possible marker of the Aisin Gioro and is found in ten different ethnic minorities in northern China, but completely absent from Han Chinese.<ref name="DidYouKnowDNA"/><ref>{{cite journal |title=Recent Spread of a Y-Chromosomal Lineage in Northern China and Mongolia |doi=10.1086/498583 |volume=77 |issue=6 |journal=The American Journal of Human Genetics |pages=1112–1116 |pmid=16380921 |pmc=1285168 |year=2005 |last1=Xue |first1=Yali |last2=Zerjal |first2=Tatiana |last3=Bao |first3=Weidong |last4=Zhu |first4=Suling |last5=Lim |first5=Si-Keun |last6=Shu |first6=Qunfang |last7=Xu |first7=Jiujin |last8=Du |first8=Ruofu |last9=Fu |first9=Songbin |last10=Li |first10=Pu |last11=Yang |first11=Huanming |last12=Tyler-Smith |first12=Chris}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Asian Ancestry based on Studies of Y-DNA Variation: Part 3. Recent demographics and ancestry of the male East Asians – Empires and Dynasties |work=Genebase Tutorials |url=http://www.genebase.com/learning/article/23 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125053101/http://www.genebase.com/learning/article/23 |archive-date=November 25, 2013}}</ref>

[[Genetic testing]] also showed that the haplogroup C3b1a3a2-F8951 of the Aisin Gioro family came to southeastern Manchuria after migrating from their place of origin in the Amur river's middle reaches, originating from ancestors related to [[Daur people|Daurs]] in the [[Transbaikal]] area. The [[Tungusic languages|Tungusic]] speaking peoples mostly have C3c-M48 as their subclade of C3 which drastically differs from the C3b1a3a2-F8951 haplogroup of the Aisin Gioro which originates from Mongolic speaking populations like the Daur. Jurchen (Manchus) are a Tungusic people. The Mongol Genghis Khan's haplogroup C3b1a3a1-F3796 (C3*-Star Cluster) is a fraternal "brother" branch of C3b1a3a2-F8951 haplogroup of the Aisin Gioro.<ref name=WeiYanYuHuang/> A genetic test was conducted on 7 men who claimed Aisin Gioro descent with 3 of them showing documented genealogical information of all their ancestors up to Nurhaci. 3 of them turned out to share the C3b2b1*-M401(xF5483) haplogroup, out of them, 2 of them were the ones who provided their documented family trees. The other 4 tested were unrelated.<ref name=YanTachibanaWeiYu/> The Daur Ao clan carries the unique haplogroup subclade C2b1a3a2-F8951, the same haplogroup as Aisin Gioro and both Ao and Aisin Gioro only diverged merely a couple of centuries ago from a shared common ancestor. Other members of the Ao clan carry haplogroups like N1c-M178, C2a1b-F845, C2b1a3a1-F3796 and C2b1a2-M48. People from northeast China, the Daur Ao clan and Aisin Gioro clan are the main carriers of haplogroup C2b1a3a2-F8951. The Mongolic C2*-Star Cluster (C2b1a3a1-F3796) haplogroup is a fraternal branch to Aisin Gioro's C2b1a3a2-F8951 haplogroup.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Chi-Zao |last2=Wei |first2=Lan-Hai |last3=Wang |first3=Ling-Xiang |last4=Wen |first4=Shao-Qing |last5=Yu |first5=Xue-Er |last6=Shi |first6=Mei-Sen |last7=Li |first7=Hui |title=Relating Clans Ao and Aisin Gioro from northeast China by whole Y-chromosome sequencing |journal=Journal of Human Genetics |date=August 2019 |volume=64 |issue=8 |pages=775–780 |doi=10.1038/s10038-019-0622-4 |publisher=Japan Society of Human Genetics |pmid=31148597 |s2cid=171094135}}</ref>