Editing Ivory Coast (section)

==Demographics==
{{Main|Demographics of Ivory Coast}}

{{Historical populations
|title       = Historical population
|align       = right
|width       =
|state       =
|shading     = off
|pop_name    =
|percentages = pagr
|source      =1960 UN estimate,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Standard/MostUsed/|title=World Population Prospects 2022|author=[[United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]], Population Division|access-date=2022-08-09|archive-date=11 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220711213112/https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Standard/MostUsed/|url-status=live}}</ref> 1975–1998 censuses,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ins.ci/documents/RGPH2014_expo_dg.pdf|title=Recensement Général de la Population et de l'Habitat 2014 - Rapport d'exécution et Présentation des principaux résultats|author=[[Institut National de la Statistique de Côte d'Ivoire]]|page=3|access-date=2022-08-09|archive-date=7 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407062923/https://www.ins.ci/documents/RGPH2014_expo_dg.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> 2014 census,<ref name=census_2014>{{cite web|url=https://www.ins.ci/documents/rgph/ivoirien18plus.pdf|title=RGPH 2014 Résultats globaux|author=[[Institut National de la Statistique de Côte d'Ivoire]]|access-date=2022-08-09|archive-date=26 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326031255/https://www.ins.ci/documents/rgph/ivoirien18plus.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> 2021 census,<ref name=census_2021/> 2024 estimate.<ref name="2024_data_sheet" />
|1960.5|3709000
|1975.331507|6709600
|1988.204918 |10815694
|1998.969863 |15366672
|2014.369863 |22671331
|2021.953425 |29389150
|2024.5 |31500000
}}
[[File:Adjamemarche2.jpg|thumb|upright=1.15|right|Congestion at a market in Abidjan]]

According to the 14 December 2021 census, the population was 29,389,150,<ref name=census_2021 /> up from 22,671,331 at the 2014 census.<ref name=census_2014 /> The first national census in 1975 counted 6.7 million inhabitants.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://countrystudies.us/ivory-coast/19.htm|title=Ivory Coast&nbsp;– Population|website=countrystudies.us|publisher=[[Library of Congress]]|access-date=3 July 2011|archive-date=23 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623134439/http://countrystudies.us/ivory-coast/19.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> According to a [[Demographic and Health Surveys]] nationwide survey, the [[total fertility rate]] stood at 4.3 children per woman in 2021 (with 3.6 in urban areas and 5.3 in rural areas), down from 5.0 children per woman in 2012.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/PR140/PR140.pdf |title=Enquête Démographique et de Santé - Côte d'Ivoire - 2021 |author=[[Institut National de la Statistique de Côte d'Ivoire]] and [[ICF International]] |page=10 (21) |access-date=2022-08-10 |archive-date=9 October 2022 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/PR140/PR140.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Languages===
{{Further|Languages of Ivory Coast}}
It is estimated that 78 languages are spoken in Ivory Coast.<ref>[http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=CI Lewis, M. Paul (ed.), 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Sixteenth edition. Dallas, Tex.: SIL International.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023124439/https://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=CI |date=23 October 2012 }} (Page on "Languages of Côte d'Ivoire." This page indicates that one of the 79 no longer has any speakers.)</ref> French, the official language, is taught in schools and serves as a [[lingua franca]]. A semi-creolised form of French, known as [[Nouchi]], has emerged in Abidjan in recent years and spread among the younger generation.<ref>{{Citation |last=Boutin |first=Akissi Béatrice |title=Exploring Hybridity in Ivorian French and Nouchi |date=2021 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/youth-language-practices-and-urban-language-contact-in-africa/exploring-hybridity-in-ivorian-french-and-nouchi/71CBA38840CFCC2BDE8712FDF5755877 |work=Youth Language Practices and Urban Language Contact in Africa |pages=159–181 |editor-last=Hurst-Harosh |editor-first=Ellen |series=Cambridge Approaches to Language Contact |place=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-107-17120-6 |access-date=2022-10-09 |editor2-last=Brookes |editor2-first=Heather |editor3-last=Mesthrie |editor3-first=Rajend |archive-date=31 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210831094141/https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/youth-language-practices-and-urban-language-contact-in-africa/exploring-hybridity-in-ivorian-french-and-nouchi/71CBA38840CFCC2BDE8712FDF5755877 |url-status=live }}</ref> One of the most common indigenous languages is [[Dyula language|Dyula]], which acts as a trade language in much of the country, particularly in the north, and is mutually intelligible with other [[Manding languages]] widely spoken in neighboring countries.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-06-19 |title=Manding (Dioula) |url=https://minorityrights.org/minorities/manding-dioula/ |access-date=2022-10-09 |website=Minority Rights Group |language=en-GB |archive-date=26 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326031400/https://minorityrights.org/minorities/manding-dioula/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Ethnic groups===
{{Main|Demographics of Ivory Coast#Ethnic groups}}
Macroethnic groupings in the country include [[Akan people|Akan]] (42.1%), Voltaiques or [[Gur languages|Gur]] (17.6%), [[Mandé peoples|Northern Mandés]] (16.5%), [[Kru people|Kru-speaking peoples]] (11%), [[Mandé peoples|Southern Mandés]] (10%), and others (2.8%, including 100,000 [[Lebanese people in Ivory Coast|Lebanese]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Des investisseurs libanais à Abidjan pour investir en Afrique |url=https://www.voaafrique.com/a/cinq-cents-libanais-a-abidjan-pour-investir-en-afrique/4234683.html |work=VOA Afrique |date=1 February 2018 |access-date=28 August 2019 |archive-date=27 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627010105/https://www.voaafrique.com/a/cinq-cents-libanais-a-abidjan-pour-investir-en-afrique/4234683.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and 45,000 French; 2004). Most of these categories are subdivided into different ethnicities. For example, the Akan grouping includes the [[Baoulé people|Baoulé]], the Voltaique category includes the [[Senufo people|Senufo]], the Northern Mande category includes the [[Dyula people|Dyula]] and the [[Mandinka people|Maninka]], the Kru category includes the [[Bété people|Bété]] and the [[Kru people|Kru]], and the Southern Mande category includes the [[Dan people|Yacouba]].

About 77% of the population is considered Ivorian. Since Ivory Coast has established itself as one of the most successful West African nations, about 20% of the population (about 3.4&nbsp;million) consists of workers from neighbouring Liberia, Burkina Faso, and Guinea. About 4% of the population is of non-African ancestry. Many are French,<ref name="csecon" /> Lebanese,<ref>{{cite news |title=From Lebanon to Africa |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/aljazeeraworld/2015/10/lebanon-africa-151027114653139.html |publisher=[[Al Jazeera Arabic|Al Jazeera]] |date=28 October 2015 |access-date=28 August 2019 |archive-date=4 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804203648/https://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/aljazeeraworld/2015/10/lebanon-africa-151027114653139.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://countrystudies.us/ivory-coast/72.htm |title=Ivory Coast&nbsp;– The Levantine Community |website=Countrystudies.us |access-date=20 June 2010 |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] |archive-date=29 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629081653/http://countrystudies.us/ivory-coast/72.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> Vietnamese and Spanish citizens, as well as [[Evangelicalism|evangelical]] missionaries from the United States and Canada. In November 2004, around 10,000 French and other foreign nationals evacuated Ivory Coast due to attacks from pro-government youth militias.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.worldpress.org/Africa/1986.cfm|title=Rwanda Syndrome on the Ivory Coast|newspaper=[[World Press Review]]|last=Gregson|first=Brent|date=30 November 2004|access-date=26 October 2009|archive-date=4 September 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090904082431/http://www.worldpress.org/Africa/1986.cfm|url-status=live}}</ref> Aside from French nationals, native-born descendants of French settlers who arrived during the country's colonial period are present.

===Religion===
{{Further|Religion in Ivory Coast|Islam in Ivory Coast|Christianity in Ivory Coast}}
{{CSS image crop|Image = Notre-Dame-de-la-Paix de Yamoussoukro 2.jpg|bSize = 1500|cWidth = 275|cHeight = 180|oTop = 500|oLeft = 640|Description=[[Basilica of Our Lady of Peace]] in the capital city [[Yamoussoukro]], the [[List of largest church buildings|largest church]] in Africa}}
[[File:IslamcultCI.jpg|thumb|Central [[mosque]] in [[Marcory]]]]
Ivory Coast has a religiously diverse population. According to the latest 2021 census data, adherents of [[Islam]] (mainly [[Sunni]]) represented 42.5% of the total population, while followers of [[Christianity]] (mainly [[Catholic Church in Ivory Coast|Catholic]] and [[Evangelical]]) comprised 39.8% of the population. An additional 12.6% of the population identified as [[irreligious]], while 2.2% reported following [[animism]] ([[traditional African religions]]), 0.7% another religion, and 2.2% did not state their religion in the census. Excluding those who did not state their religion, the population was 43.5% Muslim, 40.7% Christian, 12.9% not religious, 2.2% animist, and 0.7% adherent of another religion.<ref name=":religions2021">{{Cite web |date=October 2022 |title=Recensement général de la population et de l'habitat 2021 - Résultats globaux définitifs  |url=https://www.ins.ci/RGPH2021/RESULTATS%20DEFINITIFSRP21.pdf |author=[[Institut National de la Statistique de Côte d'Ivoire]] |page=41 |language=fr |access-date=2025-02-01 }}</ref>

Between the 1998 and 2021 censuses, the Muslim population of Côte d'Ivoire grew by 110% (i.e. the Muslim population was 2.1 times larger in 2021 than it was in 1998), whereas the Christian population grew by 150% (i.e. Christian population 2.5 times larger in 2021 compared to 1998); meanwhile, the animist population experienced a decline of 65.5%.<ref name=Religion1975-98>{{cite web |url=https://ireda.ceped.org/inventaire/ressources/civ-1998-rec-o1_t1_%20etat_structure_population.pdf |title=Recensement général de la population et de l'habitation 1998 - Volume IV : Tome 1 : Etat et structures de la population |page=61 |author=[[Institut National de la Statistique de Côte d'Ivoire]]|language=fr |access-date=2025-02-01 }}</ref><ref name=":religions2021" />

A 2020 estimate by the Pew Research Center projected that Christians would represent 44% of the total population, while Muslims would represent 37.2% of the population. In addition, it estimated that 8.1% would be religiously unaffiliated, and 10.5% as followers of traditional African religions (animism).<ref name="globalrf">{{cite web |url=http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/ivory-coast/religious_demography#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2020 |title=Ivory Coast |work=Global Religious Futures |publisher=Pew Research Center |access-date=1 July 2021 |archive-date=29 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180129140956/http://www.globalreligiousfutures.org/countries/ivory-coast/religious_demography#/?affiliations_religion_id=0&affiliations_year=2020 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="CIA" /> In 2009, according to [[United States Department of State|U.S. Department of State]] estimates, Christians and Muslims each made up 35% to 40% of the population, while an estimated 25% of the population practised traditional (animist) religions.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20091130032000/http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2009/127228.htm Côte d'Ivoire] . State.gov. Retrieved on 17 August 2012.</ref>

Yamoussoukro is home to the largest church building in the world, the [[Basilica of Our Lady of Peace]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mark |first=Monica |date=2015-05-15 |title=Yamoussoukro's Notre-Dame de la Paix, the world's largest basilica - a history of cities in 50 buildings, day 37 |url=http://www.theguardian.com/cities/2015/may/15/yamoussoukro-notre-dame-de-la-paix-ivory-coast-worlds-largest-basilica-history-of-cities-in-50-buildings-day-37 |access-date=2022-10-01 |website=the Guardian |language=en |archive-date=10 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231010003242/https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2015/may/15/yamoussoukro-notre-dame-de-la-paix-ivory-coast-worlds-largest-basilica-history-of-cities-in-50-buildings-day-37 |url-status=live }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Religions at censuses<br>
(excluding the 'Not stated' category)
! RELIGION
! colspan=2 | 1975
! colspan=2 | 1998
! colspan=2 | 2021
|-
! [[Animists]]
| colspan=2 | 30.2%
| colspan=2 | 12.0%
| colspan=2 | 2.2%
|-
! rowspan=2 | [[Christians]]
| colspan=2 | 29.0%
| colspan=2 | 30.6%
| colspan=2 | 40.7%
|-
| <small>[[Catholics]]:<br>22.2%</small>
| <small>Other Christians:<br>6.8%</small>
| <small>[[Catholics]]:<br>19.5%</small>
| <small>Other Christians:<br>11.1%</small>
| <small>[[Catholics]]:<br>17.4%</small>
| <small>Other Christians:<br>23.3%</small>
|-
! [[Muslims]]
| colspan=2 | 33.5%
| colspan=2 | 38.9%
| colspan=2 | 43.5%
|-
! [[irreligious|Not religious]]
| colspan=2 | 6.2%
| colspan=2 | 16.8%
| colspan=2 | 12.9%
|-
! Other religions
| colspan=2 | 1.1%
| colspan=2 | 1.7%
| colspan=2 | 0.7%
|-
| Colspan=7 | <small>Sources: 1975 and 1998 censuses,<ref name=Religion1975-98 /> 2021 census.<ref name=":religions2021" /></small>
|}

===Health===
{{Main|Health in Ivory Coast}}

[[Life expectancy]] at birth was 42 for males in 2004; for females it was 47.<ref name="afro.who.int">{{cite web|url=http://www.afro.who.int/en/countries.html|title=WHO Country Offices in the WHO African Region|publisher=World Health Organization|access-date=20 June 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100617075754/http://www.afro.who.int/en/countries.html|archive-date=17 June 2010}}</ref> [[Infant mortality]] was 118 of 1000 live births.<ref name="afro.who.int"/> Twelve physicians are available per 100,000 people.<ref name="afro.who.int"/> About a quarter of the population lives below the international poverty line of US$1.25 a day.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDI_2008_EN_Tables.pdf|title=Human Development Indices|date=January 2008|quote=Table 3: Human and income poverty|page=35|access-date=1 June 2009|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|archive-date=12 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112083827/http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDI_2008_EN_Tables.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> About 36% of women have undergone [[female genital mutilation]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/fgm/prevalence/en/|title=Female genital mutilation and other harmful practices|publisher=World Health Organization|access-date=28 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012192739/http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/fgm/prevalence/en/|archive-date=12 October 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> According to 2010 estimates, Ivory Coast has the 27th-highest [[Maternal death|maternal mortality]] rate in the world.<ref>{{cite web | url= https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2223rank.html | website= The World Factbook | title= Country Comparison :: Maternal Mortality Rate | publisher= CIA.gov | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150418113820/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2223rank.html | archive-date= 18 April 2015 | url-status= dead | df= dmy-all }}</ref> The HIV/AIDS rate was 19th-highest in the world, estimated in 2012 at 3.20% among adults aged 15–49 years.<ref>{{cite web | url= https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2155rank.html | website= The World Factbook | title= Country Comparison :: HIV/AIDS – Adult Prevalence Rate | publisher= CIA.gov | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20141221190412/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2155rank.html | archive-date= 21 December 2014 | url-status= dead | df= dmy-all }}</ref>

===Education===
{{Main|Education in Ivory Coast}}
[[File:Université Abidjan 1.JPG|thumb|The [[university campus|campus]] of the [[Université de Cocody]]]]

Among sub-Saharan African countries, Ivory Coast has one of the highest literacy rates.<ref name="CIA"/> According to [[The World Factbook]], in 2019, 89.9% of the population aged 15 and over could read and write.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/literacy/|title=Literacy - The World Factbook|website=www.cia.gov|access-date=30 March 2022|archive-date=1 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401014237/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/literacy/|url-status=live}}</ref> A large part of the adult population, in particular women, is illiterate. Many children between 6 and 10 years old are not enrolled in school.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://earthtrends.wri.org/pdf_library/country_profiles/pop_cou_384.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511094511/http://earthtrends.wri.org/pdf_library/country_profiles/pop_cou_384.pdf |archive-date=11 May 2011 |title=Population, Health, and Human Well-Being-- Côte d'Ivoire|website=EarthTrends|year=2003 |access-date=6 December 2010}}</ref> The majority of students in secondary education are male. At the end of secondary education, students can sit for the'' baccalauréat'' examination. Universities include [[Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny]] in Abidjan and the [[Université Alassane Ouattara]] in Bouaké.

===Science and technology===
{{Main|Science and technology in Ivory Coast}}
According to the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Ivory Coast devotes about 0.13% of GDP to GERD. Apart from low investment, other challenges include inadequate scientific equipment, the fragmentation of research organizations and a failure to exploit and protect research results.<ref name="UNESCO science report">{{harvnb|Essegbey|Diaby|Konté|2015|pp=498–533}}, "West Africa".</ref> Ivory Coast was ranked 112th in the [[Global Innovation Index]] in 2024, down from 103rd in 2019.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.wipo.int/web-publications/global-innovation-index-2024/en/|title=Global Innovation Index 2024. Unlocking the Promise of Social Entrepreneurship|access-date=2024-10-22|author=[[World Intellectual Property Organization]]|year=2024|isbn=978-92-805-3681-2|doi= 10.34667/tind.50062|website=www.wipo.int|location=Geneva|page=18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Global Innovation Index 2019|url=https://www.wipo.int/global_innovation_index/en/2019/index.html|access-date=2021-09-02|publisher=[[WIPO]]|archive-date=2 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210902101818/https://www.wipo.int/global_innovation_index/en/2019/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-10-28|title=Global Innovation Index|url=https://knowledge.insead.edu/entrepreneurship-innovation/global-innovation-index-2930|access-date=2021-09-02|website=INSEAD Knowledge|archive-date=2 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210902101622/https://knowledge.insead.edu/entrepreneurship-innovation/global-innovation-index-2930|url-status=dead}}</ref> The share of the ''National Development Plan'' for 2012–2015 that is devoted to scientific research remains modest. Within the section on greater wealth creation and social equity (63.8% of the total budget for the ''Plan''), just 1.2% is allocated to scientific research. Twenty-four national research programmes group public and private research and training institutions around a common research theme. These programmes correspond to eight priority sectors for 2012–2015, namely: health, raw materials, agriculture, culture, environment, governance, mining and energy; and technology.<ref name="UNESCO science report" />