Editing History of Pakistan (section)

=== Ghaznavid dynasty ===
{{Main|Ghaznavids}}
[[File:Map_of_the_Ghaznavid_Empire.png|thumb|Ghaznavid Empire at its greatest extent in 1030 CE]]
In 997 CE, the Turkic ruler [[Mahmud of Ghazni]], took over the [[Ghaznavids|Ghaznavid dynasty]] empire established by his father, Sebuktegin, a Turkic origin ruler. Starting from the city of [[Ghazni]] (now in [[Afghanistan]]), Mehmood conquered the bulk of [[Greater Khorasan|Khorasan]], marched on [[Peshawar#Arrival of Islam|Peshawar]] against the Hindu Shahis in [[Kabul]] in 1005, and followed it by the conquests of [[History of the Punjab#Ghaznavid Empire (10th century AD – 12th century AD)|Punjab]] (1007), deposed the [[Shia]] [[Ismaili]] rulers of [[Multan]], (1011), Kashmir (1015) and Qanoch (1017). By the end of his reign in 1030, Mahmud's empire briefly extended from [[Kurdistan]] in the west to the [[Yamuna]] river in the east, and the Ghaznavid dynasty lasted until 1187. Contemporary historians such as [[Abolfazl Beyhaqi]] and [[Ferdowsi]] described extensive building work in [[Lahore]], as well as Mahmud's support and patronage of learning, literature and the arts.

Mahmud's successors, known as the [[Ghaznavids]], ruled for 157 years. Their kingdom gradually shrank in size, and was racked by bitter succession struggles. The Hindu [[Rajput]] kingdoms of western India reconquered the [[Punjab, India|eastern Punjab]], and by the 1160s, the line of demarcation between the Ghaznavid state and the [[Hindu king]]doms approximated to the present-day boundary between India and Pakistan. The [[Ghorids|Ghurid Empire]] of central Afghanistan occupied [[Ghazni]] around 1160, and the Ghaznavid capital was shifted to [[Lahore]]. Later Muhammad Ghori conquered the Ghaznavid kingdom, occupying Lahore in 1187.{{Citation needed|date=January 2024}}