Editing English Civil War (section)

===Ireland===
{{Main|Anglo-Scottish war (1650–1652)}}
{{See also|Cromwellian conquest of Ireland}}
[[File:Massacre at Drogheda.jpeg|thumb|upright=1.17|A 19th-century representation of the Massacre at [[Drogheda]] in Ireland in 1649]]
Ireland had undergone continual war since the [[Irish Rebellion of 1641|rebellion of 1641]], with most of the island controlled by the [[Confederate Ireland|Irish Confederates]].{{Sfn|Leniham|2008|p=121}} Increasingly threatened by the armies of the English Parliament after Charles I's arrest in 1648, the Confederates signed a treaty of alliance with the English Royalists.{{Sfn|Leniham|2008|p=122}} The joint Royalist and Confederate forces under [[James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde|James Butler, Duke of Ormonde]] tried to eliminate the Parliamentary army holding [[Dublin]] by [[Siege of Dublin (1649)|laying siege in 1649]], but their opponents routed them at the [[Battle of Rathmines]] (2 August 1649).{{Sfn|Leniham|2008|p=127}} [[Admiral Robert Blake]], a former Member of Parliament, had blockaded Prince Rupert's fleet in [[Kinsale]], enabling Oliver Cromwell to land at [[Dublin]] on 15 August 1649 with an army to quell the Royalist alliance.{{Sfn|Leniham|2008|p=128}}

Cromwell's suppression of the Royalists in Ireland in 1649 is still remembered by many Irish people. After the [[Siege of Drogheda]],{{Sfn|Leniham|2008|p=128}} the massacre of nearly 3,500 people – around 2,700 Royalist soldiers and 700 others, including civilians, prisoners, and Catholic priests (all of whom Cromwell claimed had carried arms) – became one of the historical memories that has driven Irish-English and Catholic-Protestant strife during the last three centuries. The Parliamentarian conquest of Ireland ground on for another four years until 1653, when the last [[Confederate Ireland|Irish Confederate]] and Royalist troops surrendered.{{Sfn|Leniham|2008|p=132}} In the wake of the conquest, the victors confiscated almost all Irish Catholic-owned land and distributed it to Parliament's creditors, to Parliamentary soldiers who served in Ireland, and to English who had settled there before the war.{{Sfn|Leniham|2008|pp=135–136}}