Editing Edwardian era (section)

===Fashion===
{{Further|1900s in fashion}}
[[File:Women dress-1901-1911-Punch.jpg|thumb|300px|A cartoon in ''Punch'' (1911) compares changes in fashion between 1901 and 1911. "The dowdy voluminous clothes of the earlier date, making the grandmother an old lady and the mother seem plain, had been replaced by much simpler looser wear producing a sense of release for all three females."<ref>Donald Read, ''Edwardian England 1901–15: society and politics'' (1972) pp 257–58.</ref>]]
The upper classes embraced leisure sports, which resulted in rapid developments in fashion, as more mobile and flexible clothing styles were needed.<ref>Marilyn Constanzo, "'One Can't Shake Off the Women': Images of Sport and Gender in Punch, 1901–10." ''The International journal of the history of sport'' 19#1 (2002): 31–56.</ref><ref>Sarah Cosbey, Mary Lynn Damhorst, and Jane Farrell-Beck. "Diversity of daytime clothing styles as a reflection of women's social role ambivalence from 1873 through 1912." ''Clothing and Textiles Research Journal'' 21#3 (2003): 101–119.</ref> During the Edwardian era, women wore a very tight [[corset]], or [[bodice]], and dressed in long skirts. The Edwardian era was the last time women wore corsets in everyday life.{{Citation needed|date=July 2021}} According to [[Arthur Marwick]], the most striking change of all the developments that occurred during the Great War was the modification in women's dress, "for, however far politicians were to put the clocks back in other steeples in the years after the war, no one ever put the lost inches back on the hems of women's skirts".<ref>{{cite book |first=Arthur |last=Marwick |title=The Deluge. British Society and the First World War |edition= Second |location=Basingstoke |publisher=Macmillan |year=1991 |page=151 |isbn=978-0-333-54846-2 }}</ref>

Fabrics were usually sweet pea shades in [[chiffon (fabric)|chiffon]], mousse line de sore, tulle with feather boas and [[lace]]. 'High and boned collars for the day; plunging off shoulder décolleté for the evening'.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Fashion : a visual history from regency & romance to retro & revolution : a complete illustrated chronology of fashion from the 1800s to the present day|last=J.|first=Stevenson, N.|date=2012|orig-year=2011|publisher=St. Martin's Griffin|isbn=9780312624453|edition= 1st U.S. |location=New York|oclc=740627215}}</ref> The tea gown's cut was relatively loose compared to the more formal evening gown, and was worn without a corset. The silhouette was flowing, and was usually decorated with lace or with the cheaper Irish crochet.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Costume and fashion : a concise history|author=Laver, James|date=2002|publisher=Thames & Hudson|others=De La Haye, Amy., Tucker, Andrew (Fashion journalist)|isbn=978-0500203484|edition= 4th|location=New York|oclc=50081013}}</ref>

[[evening glove|Long kid gloves]], trimmed hats, and parasols were often used as accessories. [[Parasol]]s are different from umbrellas; they are used for protection from the sun, rather from the rain, though they were often used as ornamentation rather than for function. By the end of the Edwardian era, the hat grew bigger in size, a trend that would continue in the 1910s.

The Edwardians developed new styles in clothing design.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Victorian and Edwardian Fashions from "La Mode Illustrée"|last=Olian|first=JoAnne|publisher=Dover Publications|year=1998|isbn=9780486297118|location=New York}}</ref> The Edwardian Era saw a decrease in the trend for voluminous, heavy skirts:<ref>Ann Beth Presley, "Fifty years of change: Societal attitudes and women's fashions, 1900–1950." ''Historian'' 60#2 (1998): 307–324.</ref>
* The two-piece dress came into vogue. At the start of the decade, skirts were trumpet-shaped.
* Skirts in 1901 often had decorated hems with ruffles of fabric and lace.
* Some dresses and skirts featured trains.
* Tailored jackets, first introduced in 1880, increased in popularity; and by 1900, tailored suits known as tailormades became popular.<ref>Kristina Harris, ''Victorian & Edwardian Fashions for Women, 1840 to 1919'' (Schiffer Publishing, 1995).</ref>
* In 1905, skirts fell in soft folds that curved in, then flared out near the hemlines.
* From 1905 to 1907, waistlines rose.
* In 1911, the [[hobble skirt]] was introduced: a tight fitting skirt that restricted a woman's stride.
* [[Lingerie dress]]es, or tea gowns made of soft fabrics, festooned with ruffles and lace were worn indoors.<ref>Sarah Edwards, "'Clad in Robes of Virgin White': The Sexual Politics of the 'Lingerie'Dress in Novel and Film Versions of The Go-Between." ''Adaptation'' 5#1 (2012): 18–34.</ref>
* Around 1913 women's dresses acquired a lower and sometimes V-shaped neckline in contrast to the high collars a generation before. This was considered scandalous by some, and caused outrage among clergy throughout Europe.<ref name="Gernsheim1963">{{cite book|author=Alison Gernsheim|title=Victorian & Edwardian Fashion: A Photographic Survey|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_Si-yrdMImAC&pg=PA94|year=1963|publisher=Courier Corporation|isbn=978-0-486-24205-7|page=94}}</ref>