Editing Demographics of Malaysia (section)

====Chinese====
{{main|Malaysian Chinese}}
[[File:Malay Chinese.gif|thumb|right|Malay Chinese|alt=Map of Bumiputera and Chinese proportions of districts around Malaysia]]
[[File:Hong San Si 鳯山寺 - panoramio.jpg|thumb|[[Malaysian Chinese]] in [[Perak]]]]
The second largest ethnic group at 6.69 million are the Chinese who make up 22.8% of the population excluding non-citizens as of 2022. They have been dominant in trade and business since the early 20th century. Malaysian Chinese businesses developed as part of the larger [[bamboo network]], a network of [[overseas Chinese]] businesses operating in the markets of Southeast Asia that share common family and cultural ties.<ref name="Weidenbaum">{{cite book|author=Murray L Weidenbaum|title=The Bamboo Network: How Expatriate Chinese Entrepreneurs are Creating a New Economic Superpower in Asia|url=https://archive.org/details/bamboonetworkhow00weid|url-access=registration|date=1 January 1996|publisher=Martin Kessler Books, Free Press|isbn=978-0-684-82289-1|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bamboonetworkhow00weid/page/4 4]–8}}</ref> [[George Town, Penang|George Town]], [[Ipoh]] and [[Iskandar Puteri]] are Chinese-majority cities,<ref name="census 2010">{{cite web|url=http://www.statistics.gov.my/portal/download_Population/files/population/04Jadual_PBT_negeri/PBT_Perak.pdf| url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120227011347/http://www.statistics.gov.my/portal/download_Population/files/population/04Jadual_PBT_negeri/PBT_Perak.pdf |title=Table 8.1 : Total population by ethnic group, Local Authority area and state, Malaysia, 2010 Negeri : PERAK |archive-date=27 February 2012}}</ref> while [[Penang]] was the only state in Malaysia with a non-Bumiputera majority population. {{As of|2020}}, the Chinese comprised over 41% of Penang's population, making it the only state with a Chinese plurality.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=Dec 2022 |title=Key Findings of Population and Housing Census of Malaysia 2020: Urban and Rural |journal=[[Department of Statistics Malaysia]] |pages=273–355 |isbn=978-967-253-683-3}}</ref> The Chinese have been settling in Malaysia for many centuries, as seen in the emergence of the ''Peranakan'' culture, but the exodus peaked during the nineteenth century through trading and [[tin]]-mining. When they first arrived, the Chinese often worked the most grueling jobs like [[tin mining]] and railway construction. Later on, some of them owned businesses that became large conglomerates in today's Malaysia. Most Chinese are [[Tao]] [[Buddhist]] and retain strong cultural ties to their ancestral homeland.

The first Chinese people to settle in the [[Straits Settlements]], primarily in and around [[Malacca]], gradually adopted elements of Malayan culture, and some intermarried with the Malayan community. A distinct sub-ethnic group called ''babas'' (male) and ''nyonyas'' (female) emerged. ''Babas'' and ''nyonyas'' as a group are known as ''[[Peranakan]]''. They produced a syncretic set of practices, beliefs, and arts, combining Malay and Chinese traditions in such a way as to create a new culture. The ''[[Peranakan]]'' culture is still visible to this day in the former [[Straits Settlements]] of [[Singapore]], [[Malacca]] and [[Penang]].

The Chinese community in Malaysia, depending on the predominant dialect in a particular region, speaks a variety of Chinese dialects including [[Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin]], [[Min Nan|Hokkien]], [[Yue Chinese|Cantonese]], [[Hakkanese|Hakka]] and [[Teochew people|Teochew]]. In certain regions in Malaysia, some dialects are more widely used; [[Hokkien]] predominates in [[Penang]] and [[Kedah]], while most Chinese in the former centres of [[tin mining]], such as [[Ipoh]] and [[Kuala Lumpur]], speak [[Cantonese]]. More recently, however, with the standardised, compulsory use of [[Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin]] in Chinese schools, a huge majority of [[Malaysian Chinese]] now speak [[Standard Mandarin|Mandarin]], a non-native language that originated from northern China.

On the other hand, it was reported that up to 10% of [[Malaysian Chinese]] are primarily English-speaking.<ref name="thestar.com.my">{{cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com.my/News/Nation/2012/01/22/Chinese-and-truly-Malaysian/|title=Chinese, and truly Malaysian – Nation – The Star Online|access-date=15 March 2017|archive-date=6 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706061131/http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2012/01/22/chinese-and-truly-malaysian/|url-status=live}}</ref> The English-speaking Chinese minority is typically concentrated in cities such as [[Kuala Lumpur]], [[Petaling Jaya]], [[Puchong]], [[Subang Jaya]], [[George Town, Penang|George Town]], [[Ipoh]] and [[Malacca City|Malacca]]. The English speakers form a distinct subset within the larger Chinese community, as they are known to have a less Sinocentric mindset, and are rather Westernized in thinking and attitudes.