Editing Computing (section)

=== Quantum computing ===
[[Quantum computing]] is an area of research that brings together the disciplines of computer science, information theory, and quantum physics. While the idea of information as part of physics is relatively new, there appears to be a strong tie between information theory and quantum mechanics.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Steane|first=Andrew|date=1 February 1998|title=Quantum computing|journal=Reports on Progress in Physics|language=en|volume=61|issue=2|pages=117–173|doi=10.1088/0034-4885/61/2/002|issn=0034-4885|bibcode=1998RPPh...61..117S|arxiv=quant-ph/9708022|s2cid=119473861}}</ref> Whereas traditional computing operates on a binary system of ones and zeros, quantum computing uses [[qubit]]s. Qubits are capable of being in a superposition, i.e. in both states of one and zero, simultaneously. Thus, the value of the qubit is not between 1 and 0, but changes depending on when it is measured. This trait of qubits is known as [[quantum entanglement]], and is the core idea of quantum computing that allows quantum computers to do large scale computations.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Horodecki|first1=Ryszard|last2=Horodecki|first2=Paweł|last3=Horodecki|first3=Michał|last4=Horodecki|first4=Karol|date=17 June 2009|title=Quantum entanglement|journal=Reviews of Modern Physics|volume=81|issue=2|pages=865–942|doi=10.1103/RevModPhys.81.865|bibcode=2009RvMP...81..865H|arxiv=quant-ph/0702225|s2cid=59577352}}</ref> Quantum computing is often used for scientific research in cases where traditional computers do not have the computing power to do the necessary calculations, such in [[Molecular modelling|molecular modeling]]. Large molecules and their reactions are far too complex for traditional computers to calculate, but the computational power of quantum computers could provide a tool to perform such calculations.<ref>{{Cite journal |title= Quantum Computing for Molecular Biology*|journal=ChemBioChem |date=3 July 2023 |volume=24 |issue=13 |doi=10.1002/cbic.202300120 |url=https://chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cbic.202300120 |last1=Baiardi |first1=Alberto |last2=Christandl |first2=Matthias |last3=Reiher |first3=Markus |pages=e202300120 |pmid=37151197 |arxiv=2212.12220 }}</ref>