Editing Cognitive science (section)

==Epistemics<!--'Epistemics' redirects here-->{{Anchor|Namings}}==
'''Epistemics'''<!--boldface per WP:R#PLA--> is a term coined in 1969 by the [[University of Edinburgh]] with the foundation of its School of Epistemics. Epistemics is to be distinguished from [[epistemology]] in that epistemology is the philosophical theory of knowledge, whereas epistemics signifies the scientific study of knowledge.

[[Christopher Longuet-Higgins]] has defined it as "the construction of formal models of the processes (perceptual, intellectual, and linguistic) by which knowledge and understanding are achieved and communicated."<ref>{{Citation
| contribution = Epistemics
| last = Longuet-Higgins
| first = Christopher
| author-link = H. Christopher Longuet-Higgins
| orig-year = 1969| year = 1977
| editor = A. Bullock & O. Stallybrass
| title = Fontana dictionary of modern thought
| isbn = 9780002161497
| pages = 209
| location = London, UK
| publisher = Fontana}}
</ref>
In his 1978 essay "Epistemics: The Regulative Theory of Cognition",<ref>{{cite journal
  | last = Goldman
  | first = Alvin I.
  | title = Epistemics: The Regulative Theory of Cognition| journal = [[The Journal of Philosophy]]
  | volume = 75
  | issue = 10
  | pages = 509–23
  | year = 1978
  | doi = 10.2307/2025838| jstor = 2025838 }}</ref> [[Alvin I. Goldman]] claims to have coined the term "epistemics" to describe a reorientation of epistemology. Goldman maintains that his epistemics is continuous with traditional epistemology and the new term is only to avoid opposition. Epistemics, in Goldman's version, differs only slightly from traditional epistemology in its alliance with the psychology of cognition; epistemics stresses the detailed study of mental processes and information-processing mechanisms that lead to knowledge or beliefs.

In the mid-1980s, the School of Epistemics was renamed as The Centre for Cognitive Science (CCS). In 1998, CCS was incorporated into the University of Edinburgh's [[University of Edinburgh School of Informatics|School of Informatics]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cogsci.ed.ac.uk/school/ | title=The old WWW.cogsci.ed.ac.uk server | access-date=27 August 2019 | archive-date=19 October 2010 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101019074545/http://www.cogsci.ed.ac.uk/school/ | url-status=live }}</ref>