Editing Cardiology (section)

==== Essential vs Secondary hypertension ====
{{Main|Essential hypertension|Secondary hypertension}}

Essential hypertension is the form of [[hypertension]] that by definition has no identifiable cause. It is the most common type of hypertension, affecting 95% of hypertensive patients,<ref name="pmid10645931-a">{{cite journal |vauthors=Carretero OA, Oparil S |title=Essential hypertension. Part I: definition and etiology |journal=[[Circulation (journal)|Circulation]] |volume=101 |issue=3 |pages=329–35 |date=January 2000 |pmid=10645931 |doi=10.1161/01.CIR.101.3.329 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="pmid14597461">{{cite journal |vauthors=Oparil S, Zaman MA, Calhoun DA |title=Pathogenesis of hypertension |journal=[[Ann. Intern. Med.]] |volume=139 |issue=9 |pages=761–76 |date=November 2003 |pmid=14597461 |doi= 10.7326/0003-4819-139-9-200311040-00011|s2cid=32785528 }}</ref><ref name="isbn0-7216-0240-1">{{cite book |author1=Hall, John E. |author2=Guyton, Arthur C. |title=Textbook of medical physiology |publisher=Elsevier Saunders |location=St. Louis, Mo |year=2006 |pages=228 |isbn=978-0-7216-0240-0 }}</ref><ref name="urlHypertension: eMedicine Nephrology">{{cite web |url=http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/241381-overview |title=Hypertension: eMedicine Nephrology |access-date=2009-06-05}}</ref> it tends to be familial and is likely to be the consequence of an interaction between [[Environment (biophysical)|environmental]] and [[genetics|genetic]] factors. [[Prevalence]] of essential hypertension increases with [[Ageing|age]], and individuals with relatively high blood pressure at younger ages are at increased risk for the subsequent development of hypertension.
Hypertension can increase the risk of [[cerebrum|cerebral]], [[cardiac]], and [[renal]] events.<ref name="pmid17707755">{{cite journal | vauthors = Messerli FH, Williams B, Ritz E | title = Essential hypertension | journal = Lancet | volume = 370 | issue = 9587 | pages = 591–603 | date = August 2007 | pmid = 17707755 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61299-9 | s2cid = 26414121 }}</ref>

[[Secondary hypertension]] is a type of [[hypertension]] which is caused by an identifiable underlying secondary cause. It is much less common than essential hypertension, affecting only 5% of hypertensive patients. It has many different causes including [[endocrine diseases]], [[kidney diseases]], and [[tumors]]. It also can be a [[Adverse effect|side effect]] of many [[medications]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Secondary hypertension |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/secondary-hypertension/symptoms-causes/syc-20350679 |access-date=2024-07-21 |website=Mayo Clinic |language=en}}</ref>